Hana ʻia ka maka i kahi ʻāpana i ʻike maka ʻia a me kahi ʻāpana ʻike ʻole ʻia e hūnā ʻia i ke kumu o ka maka. I mua ʻike mākou i kahi ʻāpana aniani i kapa ʻia ʻo ke kornea, me kahi ʻāpana keʻokeʻo a puni, ʻo ka conjunctiva. Ma hope ka iris ʻo ia ka diaphragm o ka maka a laila ka maka aniani a ma ka hope aia ka retina kahi ʻano pale i ka maka. ʻO ia ka retina e lawe i ka leka nerve o ke kiʻi i ka lolo ma o ka nerve optic. Hoʻokumu ʻia ka maka aniani i kahi capsule biconvex waho a me kahi matrix o loko, aniani moakaka nā mea ʻelua.

He aniani o ka maka ka maka aniani, ʻae ʻia ka nānā ʻana i ka mālamalama i ka retina. Hiki iā ia ke hoʻokipa e ʻae iā ia e hoʻololi i ka hihiʻo e like me ka mamao o ka mea i nānā ʻia a mālama i kahi ʻike maopopo.

Kū nā cataract ke hoʻololi ʻia nā protein i ka maka aniani a lilo ka matrix i opaque loa, e pale ana i ka mālamalama mai ka retina. ʻO ka nui o nā wahi o ka aniani i hoʻopili ʻia, ʻo ka nui o ka ʻīlio e nalo i kona hiki ke ʻike. Ke holomua ka cataract nalowale loa ka ʻīlio i kāna ʻike.

ʻAʻole pono e huikau nā cataract me ka sclerosis o nā aniani. ʻAʻole pono ʻoe e hopohopo e pili ana i ka sclerosis o nā aniani o ka maka. E like me nā cataract, e keʻokeʻo iki ke aniani. Akā ʻaʻole kēia mea keʻokeʻo o nā aniani e pale i ka mālamalama mai ka hele ʻana a hiki i ka ʻīlio ke ʻike mau.

ʻO ka cataract i loko o nā ʻīlio he maʻi pili i nā makahiki.

'Speaklelo mākou e pili ana i ka cataract senile: pili ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi i nā ʻīlio ma mua o 7 mau makahiki. Hiki i nā maka ʻelua a neʻe mālie.

ʻO kekahi o nā kumu nui ke hoʻopili ʻia ka cataract i ka lāhui o ka ʻīlio: a laila he cataract hereditary, no laila he kumu kumu ia. Pēlā i hōʻike maopopo ʻia ai kekahi ʻano o nā ʻīlio i ke ʻano o nā cataract. Hiki iā mākou ke lawe i kahi laʻana o Yorkshire a i ʻole ka Poodle. ʻIke ʻia kēia ʻano cataract, hiki iā mākou ke hoʻāʻo e komo i ka wanaʻao ke mālama ʻia ka ʻike a ka ʻīlio.

Hiki i nā maʻi retina a me nā kumu ʻē aʻe o ka maka o ka maka ke hana i nā cataract i loko o nā ʻīlio. Pēlā nā contusions o ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo e pili ana i nā haʻalulu a i ʻole trauma nā kumu o ke kū ʻana o nā cataract i nā ʻīlio.

Ke hoʻololi ke aniani i ke kūlana a me ka lele ʻana, kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i ka dislocation o ka aniani. ʻO kēia dislocation kahi etiology hou no nā cataract. Hiki i kēia dislocation o nā aniani ke hopena ma muli o ka mumū a haʻalulu paha, ʻo kekahi mau ʻano e like me ka Shar-Pei e hōʻike pinepine ʻia i ka dislocation o nā aniani.

ʻO ka hope loa, hiki i nā ʻīlio me ka maʻi kō ke hoʻomohala i nā cataract a me ka nalo ʻana o ka maka. Kūkulu wikiwiki kēia cataract diabetic a hoʻopili i nā maka ʻelua.

Inā keʻokeʻo ka maka o kāu ʻīlio a me nā maka aniani hoʻi o kāu ʻīlio e hana ana kāu kauka holoholona i kahi hoʻokolohua maka piha e hoʻoholo inā aia kekahi kumu kumu no ka puka ʻana mai o ka cataract o ka ʻīlio.

ʻO ka ninaninau ophthalmologic me:

1. ʻO ka mea mua, kahi nānā ʻana mai kahi mamao mai ka maka, nānā mākou inā ʻaʻole i hōʻeha kahi trauma i nā maka maka a i ʻole nā ​​maka o ka maka, inā ʻaʻole nui ka maka (buphthalmos) a i ʻole protruding (exophthalmos).
2. A laila inā ʻulaʻula ka maka a aia ka conjunctivitis i loko o ka ʻīlio, hana ʻia nā hoʻoleʻaleʻa kolo.
3. Ma ka laulā, inā aia kekahi leona o nā aniani a me nā mea kikoʻī inā loaʻa kahi dislocation o ka aniani, ana ʻia ka puʻuwai intraocular (IOP) i mea e hōʻoki ai i ka kānalua o ka glaucoma i hoʻokomo ʻia e ka neʻe ʻana o ka maka aniani. ʻO Glaucoma kahi hoʻonui maʻamau o ka IOP a kū i kahi makaʻu no ka nalo o ka maka. Pono ʻo ia e mālama koke inā loaʻa ʻo ia.
4. Me ka manaʻo e hiki i ke kaha aniani e hoʻihoʻi i ka maka i ka ʻīlio, hana ke kauka holoholona (a i ʻole he kauka lāʻau lapaʻau kūikawā ma ka ophthalmology) kahi hoʻokolohua neurological o ka retina. I ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, inā ʻaʻole hana hou ka retina a i ʻole ʻaʻole e lawe pololei i nā kiʻi, e makehewa ke kahakaha ʻana a ʻaʻole hoʻi e hoʻihoʻi i ka ʻike i ka ʻīlio. Kapa ʻia kēia hōʻike he electroretinography.

ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau wale nō no nā cataracts canine ʻo ke ʻokiʻoki. Hana ʻia ia e kahi microsurgeon ophthalmic lāʻau lapaʻau a koi i nā lako kikoʻī loa, e like me ka microscope ophthalmic, nā mea hana liʻiliʻi, a me kahi mea hana e lyse a aspirate i ka matrix lens. No kēia kumu he pipiʻi loa kēia ʻoki. E wehe ka mea lapaʻau ma waena o ke kino a me ka conjunctiva e hoʻolauna i kāna mau mea hana, a laila e wehe i ka matrix i lilo i opaque mai loko mai o ka capsule lens a hoʻololi iā ia me kahi aniani aniani. ʻO ka hope loa, hana ʻo ia i kahi humu microscopic o ka puka āna i hana ai i ka hoʻomaka. I ka wā o ke kaʻina holoʻokoʻa, pono ʻo ia e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka cornea i mea e pale ai i ka maloʻo ʻana a hoʻokomo i nā huahana e hoʻololi i nā wai i kū maoli i loko o ka maka a e pakele ai ma ka wehe ʻana.

Ma hope o ke kahakaha pono ʻoe e kau i nā kulu maka i ka maka o kāu ʻīlio a e nānā pinepine ka ophthalmologist i nā maka.