Contents
ʻO ka mea kanu irga kupaianaha kahi ulu lāʻau a lāʻau liʻiliʻi paha. ʻO ka inoa hua inoa no irga ʻo Amelanchier. ʻO Kanada kahi hānau hānau o ka mea kanu; i ke kenekulia 16, ua aʻo ka poʻe e pili ana iā ia ma ʻEulopa. Ulu ka mea kanu i nā wahi he nui, e like me ʻApelika, ʻAmelika, Crimea, Caucasus, a me ka Hikina hikina. Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike pinepine i ka berry berry i loko o ka ululāʻau, nāhelehele, a me nā kuahiwi. Manaʻo ka poʻe he manu neʻepapa, nā poʻe i lawe i nā ʻanoʻano, i kōkua i ka hoʻolaha ākea o ka irga.
ʻAno nā hua, me ka ʻoluʻolu aftertaste, ma waho he ʻano like me ka currants. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi e hōʻiliʻili iā lākou wale nō ke oʻo loa, no laila, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o kā lākou pono. Māʻona maikaʻi ʻo Irga i ka wī a hoʻoikaika i ka ʻōnaehana pale. ʻAʻole maikaʻi wale nā hua, akā lau pū kekahi, nā ʻanoʻano, ka ʻili.
ʻOkoʻa ka inoa o irga i waena o nā lāhui like ʻole. Ma Rūsia nā inoa e like me ka moana kai, makemake nui ʻia ka wineberry, kapa ʻia e nā ʻItalia he mea makemake i ka willow, kapa ʻia ka poʻe Kelemania he peʻohaku pōhaku. Ua hāʻawi ka poʻe Kanada i ka mea kanu i ka inoa medlar Kanada.
Nā Mea Hoʻohanohano
- ulu kekahi mau ʻano i 18 mika;
- inā ʻoe e ʻai i kahi kilogram o nā hua i ka manawa, hiki iā ʻoe ke hiamoe;
- mālama ʻia nā hua maloʻo a ʻelua mau makahiki paha;
- ʻo irga kekahi o nā mea kanu hoʻonaninani nani loa;
- Wahi a nā kānaka ʻepekema, he kumu Celtic ka inoa ʻepekema ʻo "Amelanchier", a he Mongolian ka inoa "irga" a unuhi ʻia ma ke ʻano he "mea kanu me ka lāʻau ʻoi loa."
- ʻo nā hua o kahi mea kanu mai ka manaʻo o ka botany ʻaʻole hua iki, akā pili liʻiliʻi;
- ma Kanada, ulu nui ʻo irga no ka hana winemaking.
Nā ʻano a me nā ʻano hua berga
Aia ma kahi o 25 mau ʻano o ka irga, a ʻo nā mea aʻe i makemake nui ʻia:
- ʻO ka lau-puni, kahi lāʻau me nā lau ovoid, ulu a 2.5 m. Mohala ia i ka Mei me nā pua keʻokeʻo. I Iulai, hua i nā hua me nā hua uliuli-ʻeleʻele me ka pua o ke aniani bluish;
- maʻamau, ulu i 3 mau mika ke kiʻekiʻe, me ka lei aliʻi ākea a me nā lālā lahilahi. Mālama nā pua, liʻiliʻi nā hua, uliuli ʻeleʻele, me ka pua keʻokeʻo.
- Kanaka, pua mohala, me nā pua keʻokeʻo. Ulu a i 6 mau mika, hāʻawi i nā hua uliuli-ʻeleʻele nui me kahi pua;
- ulu ka spicate i 6 mau mika, pua i Mei i nā pua ʻulaʻula a keʻokeʻo paha me nā pistil protruding. Nā hua me nā hua o ka hue poni ʻeleʻele me ka pua bluish;
- ʻokoʻa ka ʻulaʻula koko mai nā ʻano ʻē aʻe me kahi kalaunu e piʻi aʻe ana. Piʻi a 3 mika. Liʻiliʻi nā hua, ʻaneʻane ʻeleʻele;
- lau ʻia ʻo Alder, kahi ulu lāʻau me nā nui o nā lāʻau e ulu ana a 4 mau mika ke kiʻekiʻe. ʻO ka pua keʻokeʻo, nā hua liʻiliʻi, poni;
- He nani ka lau o Lamarca o nā lau i ka hāʻule, i loaʻa i kahi ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula a melemele paha. ʻO nā hua he poni ʻeleʻele i ke kala, ʻono loa a momona hoʻi, i ʻAukake. Hiki i ka mea kanu ke piʻi i 18 mika i ke kiʻekiʻe, akā i ke aniau o Kanada, ʻaʻole ia e ulu ma luna o 5 mau mika;
- Hāʻawi ka ballerina i nā pods o ke kalaʻulaʻula, kahi e loaʻa ai i kahi kala ʻeleʻele. Piʻi ia a 6 mika a he lau keleawe kona, i loaʻa a loaʻa i kahi ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo.
Nā hiʻohiʻona maikaʻi
Nui ka waiwai o Irga i nā kumuwaiwai a me nā wikamina pono. Loaʻa i ka 100 gram o nā hua he 40 g o ka ascorbic acid. Loaʻa i nā hua nā pectin, flavonols, kō, nā waikawaola, nā phytosterols, a me nā meaʻai meaʻai. Nui ka ʻili a me nā lau i nā stearic a me nā tannins. No ke kino kanaka, waiwai nui ka irga ma muli o kāna mau waiwai he nui:
- Anati-hoʻoʻino
- lāʻau maʻi bactericidal
- tonic
- pā ikaika ʻana
- cardiotonic
- astringent
- hoʻōla hōʻeha
- manaʻo hoʻohiwahiwa
Me ka hoʻohana mau ʻana o nā hua, ʻike ʻia ke kaomi o ke koko, ua emi a ikaika ka paia o nā kīʻaha koko. He hopena maikaʻi ko Irga i ka hana o ka ʻōnaehana cardiovascular.
He pono pū ʻo Irga ma ke ʻano he mea pale aku iā:
- ʻalalāʻau varicose
- myocardial infarction
- atherosclerosis
- avitaminosis
- ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū
- thrombosis
- ʻōpū puʻupuʻu
- Kanikani'āʻula.
- nā maʻi ʻōpū
- eha ka' ā'ī
- diarrhea
Nā waiwai kūpono o ka berry berga
ʻO nā huahana i loaʻa ka hua berry e kōkua i ka hōʻola ʻana i nā ʻeha purulent. ʻO Irga kahi antioxidant ikaika a hiki ke hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ke kino o radionuclides a me nā toxins. Me ka hoʻohana mau ʻana o nā hua i ka meaʻai, hoʻemi ka cholesterol, ka makemake, a hoʻomaikaʻi ka hana digestive. Hoʻopili ka riboflavin i loko o irga i ka ʻike a me ka metabolism.
He mea maikaʻi, e like me nā kauka, no ka poʻe mākua e hoʻohana i ka irga. Pale ka Wikamina P i ke kino mai nā maʻi like ʻole i ʻelemakule, e hoʻomaka ana mai 60 mau makahiki.
No ka pohō kaumaha, maikaʻi loa nā hua. ʻO ka helu calorie ma 45 kcal wale nō ma 100 g. Māʻona lākou i ka pōloli maikaʻi, a kāwili ʻia me ka wai currant o irga, inā ʻoe e hoʻohana pololei, e ʻae iā ʻoe e pakele i 4 kg i hoʻokahi pule.
Kū'ē
E like me nā huahana mea kanu, loaʻa i kahi irga kekahi contra contications. ʻAʻole pono ʻoe e hoʻohana ia inā loaʻa iā:
- kūnou i ke kuhiakau
- ka maʻalahi o ke kino i nā maʻi āpau
- ke ahonui ʻole o kēlā me kēia
Irga - nā meaʻai
Maikaʻi ʻo Irga e hoʻohana ai i ka kuke ʻana no kona ʻono a me ka ʻono. Hana nā kānaka i nā jam like ʻole mai nā hua, a me marshmallow, marmalade, a me nā wai momona. Kaulana ʻo Berry puree e hoʻohana no ka hoʻomoʻa ʻana i nā meaʻai. Hele maikaʻi nā berry a me ka syrup me ka ʻaikalima, maikaʻi loa e hoʻomākaukau i nā sausa no nā pā. ʻO nā laikini a me nā waina mai nā hua, i loaʻa kahi ʻono a me kahi ʻono kūikawā, makemake nui ʻia.
Decoctions a me kī
I ka lāʻau lāhui, hoʻohana nui ʻia nā hua, nā pua, nā lau, a me ka ʻili o ka berry irga. Hoʻomākaukau ka poʻe i ke kī a me nā decoctions, kahi e kōkua ai e hoʻihoʻi i ka pae kūpono o nā mea kikoʻī i ke kino, hoʻoikaika i ka pale a me ke olakino.
Kaulana ia e hana i ka tincture pua e pili ana i ka vodka. Inā loaʻa ʻole ka hoʻomanawanui i kēia mea inu, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i ka wai maʻemaʻe. No 3 mau punetēpu o nā pua maloʻo, pono ʻoe i 2 mau kīʻaha wai. Pono nā pua e koi i ka vodka no 3 mau lā a laila kānana iā ia. Inā hoʻomākaukau ʻoe i ka tincture ma ka wai, wahī i ka ipu, hana, a me nā kānana. Pono ʻoe e inu i ka punetune 1 he 20 mau minuke ma mua o ka ʻai ʻana, 3 manawa i ka lā.
Maikaʻi ka wai Berry e inu hou, a i ʻole hoʻoheʻe ʻoe iā ia me ka wai a hana i ke kō. Maʻalahi loa ke kuke ʻana:
- holoi maloʻo nā hua irga a kāwele ʻia me kahi pestle;
- kaomi i ka wai mai loko mai o ka puree me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi juicer a i ʻole ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka gauze.
- dilute me ka currant a i ʻole ka wai cherry, kau i ke ahi, a wela me ka ʻole o ka baila. E ʻōwili i ka wai i loko o nā ipu i wela.
Inu wai ma mua o ka ʻai, 50-100 ml. Hoʻomaʻemaʻe ka wai o nā hua ʻawaʻawa hou aku no ka momona momona o ka irga.
Nā ʻōkuhi hou aʻe mai Irry berry
Loaʻa kahi infusion ono o nā hua irga, me kahi aniani polū pouli nani. Hoʻomākaukau ʻia me ka vodka e like me ka papa kuhikuhi:
- ʻokiʻoki i nā hua i loko o kaʻuala me ka pestle, hoʻopiha i kahi kīʻaha kī ¾ a hoʻopiha me ka vodka i koe ka 4 cm mai ka ʻāʻī;
- waiho e hoʻoulu no 3 mau lā i kahi anuanu a me ka pouli;
- kānana maikaʻi i ka tincture, e hemo ana i nā hua i koe.
E mālama i ka mea inu i ke anuanu, a lawe i ʻekolu mau manawa i ka lā ma mua o ka ʻai ʻana, 1 punetēpō pākahi.
Hoʻomākaukau ka poʻe i ke kī mai nā lau hou a maloʻo ma ka ninini ʻana i ka wai e hoʻolapalapa ana ma luna o lākou. Koi aku no 20 mau minuke a inu me ka puna i piha i ka meli. ʻOi aku ka ti mai nā pua irga. Maikaʻi ke inu i kēia kī i ke ahiahi. Hoʻomaha ia a paipai i ka hiamoe olakino.
ʻO kahi decoction o ka ʻili maikaʻi no ka hoʻohana o waho a me loko. Kōkua ka compressive decoction i nā maʻi ʻeha a me nā wela. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hana iā ʻoe iho:
- me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka wili kope, wili i ka ʻili;
- ninini i 2 punetēpu me 2 mau kīʻaha o ka wai paila;
- kuke ma kahi ahi liʻiliʻi no 20 mau minuke, ʻoluʻolu, a kānana;
- ninini i loko o ke kīʻaha o ka wai anuanu i hoʻolapalapa ʻia.
He mea kōkua inā inu ʻoe i ke kai, he 3-5 mau manawa i ka lā no ka hapalua kīʻaha. No ka hoʻohana kūwaho, mai hoʻopīpī i ka wai i ka wai.
pūnaewele
Mālama nā hua i kā lākou waiwai kūpono a me ka ʻono no kahi manawa lōʻihi loa i hiki ai iā ʻoe ke mālama i irga no ka hoʻoilo. Pono e mālama ʻia nā hua irga ma ke ana wela o ka lumi a i nā lā he 3.
Pono e hana i ka irga maloʻo i kahi lumi mehana me ka ea maikaʻi. E hoʻomoe ʻia nā hua ma ka pā. A laila, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i nā maloʻo kūikawā a i ka umu paha, e hoʻoulu mau nei i nā hua. ʻAʻole pono ka mahana ma mua o 60 kekelē.
Ma hope o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana, ʻoi aku ka momona o nā hua hua malo a ʻaʻole e nalo i ko lākou kinona. Paʻahau ʻo Irga me ka ʻole o ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka syrup a me kō. He mea nui e nānā pono i nā hua, holoi a hoʻomaloʻo iā lākou ma ke kāwele. Hoʻolahalaha nā hua i hoʻokahi papa ma ka pepa bakena a i ʻole ka pahu pahu, waiho ʻia i loko o ka pahu hau. A ʻo kahi hopena, mālama paha ʻoe i nā hua paʻahau i loko o nā ʻeke paʻa paʻa.
Pehea e kanu ai a ulu i ka berry berry
ʻO Irga kahi mea kanu unpretentious i hiki ke kū i nā mahana a hiki i 40-50 kekelē ma lalo o ka ʻole. I loko o ka wā pua, hiki i ka mea kanu ke kū i ka hau i ka -7 kekelē. Ke ola nei ia i kekahi manawa a hala 70 mau makahiki a noʻonoʻo pono ʻia he ate lōʻihi. I nā makahiki i hala, lilo ka lāʻau i lāʻau.
Hiki ke kanu ʻia ʻo Irga ma nā wahi āpau, a ulu maikaʻi ia i ka lā a i ka malu, makaʻu ʻole i ka maloʻo a me ka makani. Hoʻokomo ke aʻa i nā aʻa i loko o kekahi lepo, koe wale nā wahi maʻū. Pili ka hua a me ke olakino o ka irga i ka momona o ka lepo. Lawe ʻia ka pae ʻana i ke kaʻina aʻe:
- holoi i kahi o ka nāhelehele a ʻeli;
- e ʻeli i kahi lua, e kāwili i ka honua mai ona me ka compost a me ke one i ka lakio 3: 1: 1;
- e hoʻohui i ka humus, phosphate, a me ka potassium fertilizer i lalo o ka lua;
- e kāpīpī i ka mea kanu me ka palaoa o ka honua, ke one, a me ka compost, e ninini nui i ka wai;
- ke komo piha ka pulu, e hoʻohui i ka honua a pae i ka puka i luna. Mulch ka lepo ma luna;
- ʻoki i ka seedling i ʻole ma mua o 4 mau ʻōpuʻu i kēlā me kēia pana.
ʻO nā hua no ke kanu ʻana he 1-2 mau makahiki. Inā kanu ʻoe i kekahi mau ulu lāʻau, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi e hana ia i kahi papa checkerboard; ka mamao ma waena o nā lūlū ma ka liʻiliʻi 1.5 mau mika.
He aha nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo
He unpretentious ka lāʻau a ʻaʻole koi i ka nānā kūikawā, akā pono ia e hoʻolōʻihi i kahi manawa ma irga. E hoʻomaikaʻi aku ka mea kanu iā ʻoe no ka ʻohi maikaʻi ʻana a me ka ulu olakino.
Pono ia e:
- Ka wai irga mau, akā i nā kālā kūpono. Hoʻomohala nui ʻia ke aʻa o irga. No laila, pono ʻoe e nānā pono i ka hoʻoinu ʻana i ka maloʻo;
- ka wai me kahi sprayer, i ka manawa like, hoʻomaʻemaʻe i nā lau mai ka lepo;
- ʻoki e like me ka mea e pono ai no ka hoʻopiʻi hoʻopiʻi kiʻi;
- hana weuweu
Ma hope o 5 mau makahiki o ke ola, e hoʻomomona i ka mea kanu, hoʻokahi manawa i ka makahiki e ʻeli ana i ka pōʻai kumu me nā mea momona.
Hoʻohui hānai
- pākeke humus
- 200 g o nā mea kanu potash me ka ʻole o ka chlorine
- 300 g superphosphate
He mea pono e hānai i ka mea kanu me nā meaola wai i ka puna a hiki i ka waena o ke kauwela-he manure moa kūpono, i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o ka wai i ka lakio o 1 a 10. Hoʻokahi lūlū e koi ana he 5 liters o ia ʻano hopena.
He mea kōkua inā hānai ʻoe i ka nahele me nā mea momona wai i ke ahiahi, ma hope o ka hoʻoinu mua ʻana i ka mea kanu. Ma hope o ka hoʻomoʻo maloʻo ʻana me ka ʻeli ʻana, pono ʻoe e hoʻoinu i ka nahele.
Eia kahi wikiō e pili ai i ke koho ʻana i nā hua irga maikaʻi loa:
