ʻO nā mokupuni ʻo Langerhans nā cell i loko o ka pancreas e pāʻani i kahi kuleana koʻikoʻi i ke kino. Loaʻa iā lākou nā beta beta e hūnā i ka insulin, kahi hormone e hoʻoponopono i ke kō koko. I ka poʻe me ka maʻi maʻi type 1, ʻo ia kēia mau cell i luku ʻia. No laila aia nā mokupuni o Langerhans i ka puʻuwai o ka noiʻi therapeutic.

ʻO nā mokupuni ʻo Langerhans (i kapa ʻia ma hope o Paul Langherans, 1847-1888, German anatomo-pathologist a me ka mea olaola) he mau cell o ka pancreas, nona ka 1 miliona. Hana ʻia nā pūnaewele i hui pū ʻia i loko o nā pūʻulu - no laila ka huaʻōlelo ʻo nā mokupuni - ua hoʻolaha ʻia lākou i loko o ka ʻiʻo exocrine (nā mea huna huna i hoʻokuʻu ʻia ma waho o ke kahe koko) o ka pancreas, kahi e hoʻopuka ai i nā enzyme e pono ai no ka hoʻoemi ʻana. ʻO kēia mau puʻupuʻu microscopic o nā cell he 1 a 2% wale nō o ka nui o nā cell o ka pancreas, akā he kuleana koʻikoʻi lākou i ke kino.

ʻO nā mokupuni ʻo Langerhans nā ʻāpana endocrine. Hana lākou i nā hormones ʻokoʻa: ka nui o ka insulin, akā pū kekahi glucagon, polypeptide pancreatic, somatostatin.

ʻO ia nā pūnaewele beta a i ʻole nā ​​pūnaewele β o nā mokupuni o Langerhans e hoʻopuka ai i ka insulin, he hormone e hana koʻikoʻi i ke kino. ʻO kāna hana ka mālama ʻana i ke koena o ka pae o ka glucose (glycemia) i loko o ke koko. ʻO kēia glucose ke kumu o ka ikehu - ma ka pōkole, "fuel" - no ke kino, a ʻo kona pae i loko o ke koko ʻaʻole pono e haʻahaʻa a haʻahaʻa paha no ke kino e hana pono. ʻO ia ke kuleana o ka insulin e kaulike i nā pae kōpaʻa koko ma ke kōkua ʻana i ke kino e hoʻohana a / a mālama paha i kēia glucose ma muli o ka nui a i ʻole ka lawa ʻole.

Hoʻopuka nā pūnaewele i ka glucagon, he hormone e hoʻonui ai i ka nui o ka glucose i loko o ke koko ke emi ke kō koko. Na ke ake a me nā ʻiʻo ʻē aʻe o ke kino e hoʻokuʻu i ke kō i mālama ʻia i loko o ke koko.

ʻAno maʻi maʻi maʻi 1

ʻO ka maʻi diabetes type 1 a i ʻole ka insulin-dependent ma muli o ka luku holomua a hiki ʻole ke hoʻihoʻi ʻia o nā cell beta o nā mokupuni o Langerhans e kahi kaʻina autoimmune o ke kumu genetic. Ke alakaʻi nei kēia luku ʻana i ka hemahema o ka insulin, a no laila he pilikia o ka hyperglycemia i ka wā e lawe ʻia ai ka meaʻai, a laila hypoglycemia ma waena o nā meaʻai, i ka wā o ka hoʻokē ʻai a i ʻole ka hana kino. I ka wā o ka hypoglycemia, hoʻonele ʻia nā kino i kahi substrate ikaika. Inā ʻaʻole i hoʻoponopono ʻia, hiki i ka maʻi diabetes ke hoʻoulu i nā maʻi koʻikoʻi renal, cardiovascular, neurological, gastroenterological a me ophthalmological pathologies.

ʻO ka maʻi neuroendocrine o ka pancreas

He ʻano maʻamau ʻole ia o ka maʻi maʻi pancreatic. ʻO ia kahi mea i kapa ʻia ʻo neuroendocrine tumor (NET) no ka mea hoʻomaka ia i loko o nā pūnaewele o ka ʻōnaehana neuroendocrine. A laila ʻōlelo mākou no NET o ka pancreas, a i ʻole TNEp. Hiki ke hūnā ʻole a hūnā paha (hana). I ka hihia hope, hoʻoulu ia i kahi huna nui o nā hormones.

ʻAno maʻi maʻi maʻi 1

Hoʻopiʻi ka insulin therapy no ka nele o ka hana ʻana o ka insulin. Hoʻokomo ka mea maʻi i ka insulin i nā manawa he nui i ka lā. Pono e mālama ʻia kēia lāʻau no ke ola.

Ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka pancreas kūkulu ʻia i ka makahiki 90. Hoʻohui pinepine ʻia me ka transplant kidney, mālama ʻia ia no nā poʻe maʻi maʻi maʻi i hoʻopilikia nui ʻia.

ʻO Langerhans islet grafting ʻO ia kekahi o nā manaʻolana nui i ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi diabetes type 1. Aia ia i ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā cell pono wale nō, i kēia hihia nā mokupuni o Langerhans. Lawe ʻia mai ka pancreas o kahi mea hāʻawi lolo-make, hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā mokupuni a laila hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma ka vein portal i loko o ke ake o ka mea maʻi. Aia kekahi pilikia ma ke ʻano o ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i kēia mau mokupuni. He mea paʻakikī loa ka unuhi ʻana i kēia mau puʻupuʻu microscopic mai ke koena o ka pancreas me ka ʻole e hōʻino iā lākou. Ua hana ʻia nā transplants mua ma Paris i nā makahiki 80. I ka makahiki 2000, ua loaʻa i ka hui Edmonton ke kūʻokoʻa o ka insulin i 7 mau mea maʻi i hoʻololi ʻia me nā mokupuni. Ke hoʻomau nei ka hana a puni ka honua. Ma Palani, ua hoʻomaka kahi hoʻokolohua lapaʻau multicenter ma 2011 ma 4 mau halemai Parisian nui i hui pū ʻia i loko o ka hui "Ile-de-France no ka hoʻololi ʻana o nā mokupuni o Langerhans" (GRIIF). Ke hoʻohiki nei nā hopena: ma hope o ka hoʻololi ʻana, wehe ʻia ka hapalua o nā mea maʻi i ka insulin, aʻo ka hapa ʻē aʻe e loaʻa i ka mana glycemic maikaʻi aʻe, hoʻemi ʻia ka hypoglycemia a me nā koi insulin.

Me kēia hana ma nā transplants, hoʻomau ka noiʻi e hoʻomaopopo i ka ulu a me ka hana o kēia mau pūnaewele, a me ka genesis a me ka uluʻana o ka maʻi. ʻO ka maʻi o nā cell beta e kahi maʻi herpes (ʻo ia ke kuleana no ke ʻano o ka maʻi diabetes e pili ana i ka heluna kanaka o ʻApelika), nā ʻano o ka ulu a me ka oʻo ʻana o nā cell beta, ka mana o kekahi mau genes i komo i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka maʻi. ʻāpana o nā ala noiʻi o kēia manawa. ʻO ka manaʻo e ʻike i nā kumu e hoʻāla ai i ka hoʻāla ʻana o nā lymphocytes T e kūʻē i nā cell beta, e ʻimi i nā hopena e pale ai i kēia hopena autoimmune, e hana hou i nā mokupuni o Langerhans, etc.

ʻO ka maʻi neuroendocrine o ka pancreas

ʻO ka hoʻoponopono ʻana ma muli o ke ʻano o ka ʻōpū a ua hoʻokumu ʻia ma nā koʻi like ʻole:

• ʻoki kino
• chemotherapy
• nā lāʻau antisecretory e hoʻemi i ka huna ʻana o ka hormonal mai ka ʻōpū

ʻAno maʻi maʻi maʻi 1

ʻO ka maʻi maʻi type 1 kahi maʻi o ke kumu autoimmune: Hoʻomaka nā lymphocytes T e ʻike i nā molekala i loaʻa i loko o nā pūnae beta ma ke ʻano he mau maʻi infectious e hoʻopau ʻia. Eia naʻe, ʻike ʻia nā hōʻailona he mau mahina a i ʻole mau makahiki ma hope o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o kēia kaʻina hana. ʻO kēia nā ʻāpana o ka hypoglycaemia a me / a i ʻole ka nui o ka pohō kaumaha ʻoiai ka ʻai maikaʻi, ka mimi pinepine a me ka nui, ka make wai ʻole, ka luhi nui. Hana ʻia ka ʻike ma o ka ʻike ʻana i nā autoantibodies i loko o ke koko.

ʻO ka ʻōpū neuroendocrine

He paʻakikī ke ʻike ʻana i nā ʻōpū neuroendocrine ma muli o ka ʻokoʻa o kā lākou mau hōʻailona.

Inā he maʻi neuroendocrine hana o ka pancreas, hiki iā ia ke hoʻonui i ka hana insulin. Pono e noiʻi ʻia ka hiʻohiʻona a i ʻole ka piʻi ʻana o ka maʻi diabetes i hilinaʻi ʻole i ka insulin i nā kāne ma mua o 40 mau makahiki me ka ʻole o ka mōʻaukala ʻohana o ka maʻi diabetes.

Ma ka anatomopathological anatomopathological o ka ma'i koko e hiki ai ke hoomaopopo i kona 'ano (okoa a i ole ia ka puu koko) a me kona papa. Hana ʻia kahi loiloi piha o ka hoʻonui ʻia o ka maʻi i ka ʻimi ʻana i nā metastases.