Lard

Introduction

ʻO ka Lard ka huahana our country i kaulana loa i ka honua. Aloha nui lākou iā ia ma Rūsia pū kekahi. Akā manaʻoʻiʻo nā mea kākau moʻolelo meaʻai ʻaʻole ia i makemake nui ʻia i waena o nā Lūkini: ma luna aʻe o ka laina kālaihonua e hele nei ma waena o Smolensk, Tula, Penza a me Samara, ʻaʻole lākou i ʻai.

A i ka wā Soviet wale nō, i ka manawa he hui o nā poʻe, ua pāhola ʻo Lard, me nā poʻe noho, a puni ka ʻāina a aloha aku i nā poʻe āpau iā ia iho.

mō'aukala

ʻO ka moʻomeheu hana papa ʻaila kahiko loa i hoʻopaʻa ʻia aia mai nā lā o Roma Roma ma ka ʻĀkau o ʻItalia. E like me ka wā kahiko, me ka loli ʻole o ka papa ʻaina, hana mau lākou i ʻelua ʻano Lard - “Lardo di Colonata” a me “Lard dʻArna”.

Akā ʻo ka mea maoli, aloha nui ʻia ka puaʻa ma nā ʻāina he nui. Ua kāhea ʻo Balkan Slavs iā ia ʻo "slanina", ua kapa ʻia e nā Pole he "slon", ua kapa ʻia e nā Kelemania "speck", ma USA - "fatback" (momona mai ka hope). Eia kekahi, ua makemake nui ʻia ka līlī e like me ka meli hoʻoheheʻe ʻia, kahi nona ka paʻa o ka waiūpaka.

Ke hui ʻia me nā ʻālina a hohola ma ka berena ʻeleʻele, e like me lākou ma Transcarpathia a me Kelemania, ʻono loa ia. A no nā kenekulia he nui, ua manaʻo ka poʻe he mea momona a olakino ka huaʻōlelo momona. A i nā hana ʻepekema ʻepekema hoʻi i ka makahiki 1930. i ka USA, ua kapa ʻia ia ʻo kekahi o nā momona momona. I kēia lā maʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, ua kāpae ʻia ka līlī mai ke ola maʻamau, ʻaʻole ma laila. A manaʻo ke koena o ka honua ʻo kēia kekahi o nā meaʻai ʻino loa.

Ua hoʻopaʻi ʻia i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o 1960, i ka wā i hoʻolaha aku ai ʻo ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa i ke kaua ma luna o ke kōkōlika: nā momona holoholona, ​​a ʻoi aku ma mua o nā mea āpau, ua manaʻo ʻia nā kumu nui. I ka 1995, i ka manawa i hala aku ai ka Lard a me nā margarine me nā trans trans aneane pani paʻa loa ʻia, ua akāka loa ʻaʻole he mea i ʻoi aku ka weliweli ma mua o kēia mau trans trans. Ua hoʻonāukiuki lākou i ka ulu ʻana o ka atherosclerosis, nā puʻuwai puʻuwai a me nā hahau, a me kekahi ʻano o ka maʻi ʻaʻai.

ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo e pili ana i ka cholesterol

I ka 100 gram o ka lard aia he hapakolu o ka waiwai o kēia lā i kēia lā. Akā, ʻo ka mea mua, ʻaʻole ia he mea weliweli e like me kā mākou iho kolesterol synthesized i ke akepaʻa. ʻO ka lua, nui ka nui o nā choline i loko o Lard, a hoʻonāwaliwali ia i nā hopena maikaʻi o ka cholesterol a pale i nā kīʻaha koko. No laila ʻaʻole ʻinoʻino ka līlī e like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia mai iā mākou no kekahi manawa lōʻihi. I nā kaulike kaulike (ʻoi loa 30-40 g i kēlā me kēia lā), maikaʻi loa ia.

Aia kekahi hoʻopaʻapaʻa ikaika hou no ka lard - maikaʻi loa ia no ka kuke ʻana. A ʻoi loa no ka palai ʻana, kahi i hoʻohana mau ʻia ai. I kēia mau lā, hoʻomoʻa ʻia nā kīʻaha i nā aila mea kanu, keu hoʻi i ka aila sunflower. No laila, ʻo kā mākou aila pua puaʻa punahele, me ka aila kulina, ʻo ia ka mea maikaʻi loa loa no kēia. Ua hōʻoia kēia i kahi hoʻokolohua na Professor Martin Grutveld mai ke Kulanui o Leicester De Montfort ma UK.

ʻO ka mea i kapa ʻia he pono momona polyunsaturated fatty acid o nā aila mea kanu i hoʻohuli i nā peroxides weliweli a me nā aldehydes i ka wili ʻana. Hāʻawi lākou i ka ulu ʻana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai, atherosclerosis, nā maʻi hui, a pēlā aku. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kāwili ʻana i nā aila, kahi e loaʻa ai kekahi mau momona momona momona e pono ai - ʻo kēia ka ʻoliva a me ka bata, ka momona o nā gose a me nā kāhuna. Ma nā mahana wela, ua kūpaʻa lākou, a ʻo ka hopena, ʻaʻole i hoʻokumu ʻia nā aldehydes ʻona a me nā peroxides. Paipai ikaika ʻo Professor Grutveld i ka palai ʻana me kēia mau momona.

Āhea ka manawa kūpono loa no ka līlī?

Maopopo iā ʻoe i ka manawa he aha ka lā maikaʻi? I ke kakahiaka, no ka ʻaina kakahiaka. Hoʻomaʻemaʻe ko mākou ate luhi i nā lita o ke koko i ka pō, hoʻomaʻemaʻe iā ia i nā mea make, a hoʻouna i kēia "ʻōpala" āpau i ka bile. A kōkua ka lard i "kipaku" i kēia bile i loko o nā ʻōpū i ke kakahiaka. ʻO Bile, ʻo ia ka mea hoʻonāukiuki maikaʻi loa o ka neʻe ʻana o ka ʻōpū, ʻo ia hoʻi he kōkua ia e hemo i nā mea āpau e pono ʻole ai ke kino.

No laila - loaʻa iaʻu kahi ʻaina kakahiaka maikaʻi a lawe mai i nā pono i ke kino. Hoʻokahi pōʻino - ʻaʻole ʻoe e ʻai i ke kālika i ke kakahiaka, ʻaʻole paha e hauʻoli ka poʻe a puni ʻoe me ka ʻaʻala kālika.

No ke aha e ʻoi aku ai ka maikaʻi o ka ʻai kāhinu me ka kālika? Manaʻo ʻia ʻo ka ʻai ʻana iā Lard me ka kālika hāʻawi iā ʻoe i kahi selenium e pono nui ai no mākou, a i ka manawa like i kahi ʻano assimilated maikaʻi. A ʻo kālika - ka hale kūʻai like o selenium, hana ma ke ʻano he hoa maikaʻi loa no ka ʻāhinahina.

Ua ʻōlelo ʻo ka Russian Academy of Medical Science e pili ana i ka 80% o nā Lūkini i hemahema i kēia kumumea kumuwaiwai pono loa, ʻaʻole makehewa i kapa ʻia ʻo "mineral of longevity." Ma ke ala, no nā makahiki he nui e hoʻolaha nei kahi moʻolelo ma ka Pūnaewele ʻo ka papaʻai o nā "ʻelemākule Kremlin" - ʻo ka Politburo kahiko loa i nā makahiki 80 mau, ua hoʻokomo mau ʻia he 30 g o kēia huahana pono loa i kēlā me kēia lā.

ʻO kēia mau 30 gram ka hopena kūpono no ke kanaka makua olakino.

ʻO nā keu pono o ka puaʻa

He aha hou ka pono o ka puaʻa? I loko o nā huaora A, E a me D e hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka momona, i ka acid acid arachidonic, kahi ʻāpana o nā membrane cell, i nā enzymes o ka puʻuwai puʻuwai. ʻO kēia acid fatty acid "huli" i ka pane pale o ko mākou kino i nā mea ʻino a me nā koʻohune, a pili i ka metabolism kaola.

ʻAe, loaʻa nō hoʻi i nā huahana ʻē aʻe, akā no ka laʻana i ka pata he ʻumi ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o ka lard. A ʻaʻole like me ka waiū hou, kahi e hāʻule koke ai ke kiʻekiʻe o ka waika arachidonic, i ka momona ʻaʻole ia e loli.

Lard a me ka kōmiola

Ke makaʻu nei paha ʻoe i ka cholesterol a noʻonoʻo iā Lard ma ke ʻano he provocateurs o atherosclerosis? Makehewa kēlā. ʻAʻohe "maikaʻi" a "maikaʻi" kolesterol ma ka pā, lilo ia i ko mākou kino. Maliʻa paha, e kamaʻilio maoli paha mākou e pili ana i ka kolesterol i nā meaʻai i ka manawa aʻe.

A, ma ke ala, he 85-90 mg o ka kolesterol wale nō i loko o ka līkaʻi ma 100 g, i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i ka pōpō me ka waiūpaʻa a choux paha, kahi o kāna 150-180 mg, a ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o nā hua quail ʻoi loa. he 600 mg. A hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻokau i ka ʻino o ke kōkōlika e ka ʻai ʻana i ka puaʻa me ka salakeke o nā mea kanu hou, i hoʻowali ʻia me ka wai lemon a i ʻole ka vīneka cider apple.

Ke makaʻu nei ʻoe ʻo ka līlī kahi huahana "kaumaha" a komo iki ʻia i loko o kā mākou kino? Makehewa. ʻO ka mahana hoʻoheheʻe, no ka laʻana, ʻo ka momona o nā hipa he 43-55 kekelē, ʻo ka momona o ka pipi he 42-49, akā ʻo ka ʻāmaki he 29 -35. A ʻo nā momona āpau, ʻo ke kiko hoʻoheheʻe ma lalo o 37 kekelē, ʻo ia hoʻi, kokoke i ka mahana o ke kino o ke kanaka, e ʻoluʻolu maikaʻi, no ka mea ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka emulsify.

Manaʻoʻiʻo paha ʻoe i ka momona mai ka cellulite? ʻAʻole, ʻaʻole hōʻiliʻili ka momona ma nā ʻaoʻao a me nā puʻupuʻu, ʻoiaʻiʻo, inā ʻaʻole ʻoe e ʻai ia i nā paona. Eia nō naʻe, paʻakikī loa kēia e hana, he mea hōʻoluʻolu loa ka puaʻa me kahi coefficient saturation kiʻekiʻe. ʻOiaʻiʻo, mālama kekahi i ka ʻai ʻana ma mua o ka maʻamau.

A, ma ke ala, hiki a pono ke kāwili i ka puaʻa, no ka mea he "wahi uahi" ia (ke ana wela e hoʻā ʻia ai nā momona) ma kahi o 195 kekelē, ʻoi aku ke kiʻekiʻe ma mua o ka nui o nā aila mea kanu, ʻo ia hoʻi, ka manawa o ka palai pōkole a ʻoi aku ka nui o nā meaola i koe i ka pā.

ʻO kekahi waiwai kupaianaha o ka momona ʻaʻole ia e hōʻiliʻili i nā radionuclides, a noho ʻole nā ​​helminths i loko.

ʻO ka hōʻino mai ka lard

ʻO ka ʻai nui ʻana o ka momona kahi ala pololei i ka momona a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o atherosclerosis ma muli o ke kiʻekiʻe o ka pae kolesterol. Paipai ʻia e kaupalena i ka hoʻohana ʻana (a hiki i ka hoʻokoe piha ʻana mai ka papaʻai) no ka poʻe i pilikia me nā kīʻaha koko, ka naʻau a me ka digestion.

ʻAʻole pono e kālua ʻia ka huahana i mea e pale ai i ke kūkulu ʻana i nā carcinogens. E akahele me kāu koho - pono e hānai ʻia nā holoholona i nā wahi kaiāulu.

He mea ʻino anei ka lī puhi? ʻOiaʻiʻo nō! Hōʻike ʻia kēia e ka ʻike o ka nui o nā carcinogens. ʻAʻole kēia wale he ala kūlohelohe o ka puhipaka, akā ʻo ka hoʻohana pū ʻana o ka uahi wai.

ʻAʻole mākou e poina e pili ana i ka nui o ka calorie o ka huahana: 797 kcal no 100 g. ʻO kēia ka maʻamau maʻamau o nā lā o nā mākua, lawe ʻia mai nā momona a pono no ke ola holoʻokoʻa. Inā mākou e noʻonoʻo ʻaʻole ʻokoʻa ka puaʻa i ka momona o ka haku ʻana, ʻaʻole hiki ke kapa ʻia he mea maikaʻi loa. Eia kekahi, i nā koina nui he mea ʻino loa ia, hoʻonāukiuki i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka momona wale nō, akā nā maʻi pū kekahi.

ʻAʻole pono mākou e hoʻopoina i ka ʻai nui ʻana o ka ʻōpala, ʻoiai no ke kanaka olakino holoʻokoʻa, piha i nā maʻi koʻikoʻi. I ke alo o nā maʻi maʻi maʻi nui, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi e nīnau i ke kauka e pili ana i ka hoʻohana o ka huahana.

Ma hope o ka ʻike inā ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka aila a i ʻole he pōʻino, hōʻike ka hopena pili iā ia iho: inā makemake ʻoe i kēia huahana momona, mai hōʻole ʻoe iā ʻoe iho, akā e hoʻomanaʻo i ke ana.

Nā ʻono ʻono

ʻOiai he momona holoholona ka līlī, ʻaʻole hiki ke ʻike ʻia ka ʻono ponoʻī o ia huahana. Akā i mea e ʻoluʻolu ai i kahi huahana paʻakai a puhi ʻia paha, pono e akahele ka poʻe aloha puaʻa e pili ana i ke koho ʻana o ka maka. ʻO ke kuhi hewa liʻiliʻi a mālama ʻole paha e alakaʻi i nā hopena i hoʻoponopono ʻole ʻia.

• Pono ʻia ka momona momona kiʻekiʻe e nā poʻe veterinarians, e like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia e kahi peʻa kūikawā.
• ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi inā ʻoki ʻia ka pēpē mai ka hope o ka holoholona a i ʻole ka ʻaoʻao o ke kupapaʻu e hoʻohana ʻia no ka paʻakai ʻana.
• Hiki i ka puaʻa puaʻa ke kuʻi iā ʻoe me keʻala o ka urea a mamao loa mai ka ʻono maikaʻi loa.
• Hiki ke haʻi ʻia ke ʻano o ka lard e kona keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo me kahi ʻalani ʻalani lahilahi. Inā kī melemele ka momona a ʻano hina paha ia, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka waiho ʻana.
• ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻolohe ʻana i nā ʻāpana me ka ʻili lahilahi lahilahi, hiki ke hou ʻia me ka lāʻau kuʻi lāʻau.
• Maʻalahi ka bacon maka kiʻekiʻe i ka pahi.
• ʻAʻohe o ʻaʻala o Lard nona iho, a inā ʻaʻala, he ʻiʻo hou ia a ʻaʻohe mea ʻē aʻe.

Ke koho ʻia ka lī maka maka, hiki ke paʻakai ʻia, hoʻoheheʻe ʻia, hoʻolapalapa ʻia a puhi ʻia paha. A maʻaneʻi e hiki ai i ka huahana ke ʻoluʻolu e ʻae me ka mahalo i nā onaona a me nā ʻono o nā kinikini a me nā mea ʻala i hoʻohana ʻia.

Nā noi kuke

ʻAʻole hiki i kahi huahana meaʻai ʻē aʻe ke hoʻohālikelike me ka lard "aloha" no nā mea ʻala a me nā kau. Eia kekahi, i nā ʻāina ʻokoʻa makemake lākou i nā onaona dissimilar.

ʻAʻole hiki i ka poʻe our countrys ke noho i kahi lā me ka ʻaila ʻole me ka kālika a me ka pepa ʻeleʻele, a aloha ka poʻe Hungarians i ka puaʻa paʻakai, kāpīpī nui ʻia me ka paprika lepo. Akā ʻaʻole kēia ka palena.

ʻO ka momona ma nā cosine aupuni

ʻO ka poʻe ʻItalia mai ka ʻākau o Tuscany i lilo i meaʻai nui loa. ʻO nā pōhaku kūloko, ka mea i komo i ka unuhi ʻana o ka marble kaulana ʻo Carrara, hoʻomaka i ka paʻakai paʻakai i nā kenekulia i hala aku nei, e hoʻohui ana i ka rosemary, oregano a me koume, nutmeg a me ka mea akamai i ka brine. ʻO kēlā līlona ʻaʻala, ʻo lardo, ua ʻelemakule no ka manawa lōʻihi i nā ipu wai kinikini, a ma hope iho ua lilo ia i pōhaku makamae me nā aʻa o ka ʻiʻo.

ʻO nā Kelemania he poʻe mālama i nā kīʻaha puʻuwai. No laila, ʻo ka pēpē, e like me kā lākou e kāhea nei i ka līlī, he mea pono i loko o nā ipu wela a me nā ʻopa momona, nā mea ʻai māmā a me nā sausages, kahi e hoʻohui ʻia ai ka puaʻa no ka wai momona.

Ma ʻEulopa Komohana, ʻaʻole makemake nui ʻia ka līlī, no laila he mea kahaha loa ia ma ka mokupuni ʻo ʻEnelani, ke haʻi ʻia ka bacon, ʻo ka hapa nui o nā kamaʻāina e hōʻike nei i ko lākou aloha i kēia huahana. Akā ʻo kēia ka bacon maoli me nā ʻāpana lahilahi o ka ʻiʻo palupalu, ka mea i hāʻawi i ka inoa i ke kuhikuhi o ka hānau puaʻa.

ʻO ka Palani, e like me nā kumu maoli a me nā gourmets, makemake ʻole i ka maka, akā ʻo ghee. He mea pono nui ia i loko o nā pākana Palani kaulana me ke ake, nā ʻalalā a me nā lāʻau spicy. Akā koi ʻia ka līlī ʻaʻole wale ma ka meaʻai Farani.

Aloha nui nā poʻe Hunakari iā ia, me ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka paprikash ʻaʻala, ka goulash a ʻo ka sup Halasle aupuni hoʻi me ka iʻa. Ua hoʻokokoke loa aku nā Belarusian ma mua o nā lāhui ʻē aʻe. Ma ke noi a kēia ʻāina, ua hoʻokomo ʻia ke kupuna wahine ʻuala me ka puaʻa i loko o ke kālā o ka hoʻoilina culinary o ʻEulopa.

Hiki paha ke ʻai i kahi paona o ka Lard? e nānā i ke wikiō: