Okra

ʻO Okra, a i ʻole ma ka ʻōlelo Lākia - edible hibiscus (Hibiscus esculentus), nā inoa ʻē aʻe no ka okra, gombo a i ʻole nā ​​manamana lima o nā wahine kahi mea kanu makahiki mai ka ʻohana malvaceous. He mea kanu me kahi kau ulu lōʻihi loa. Hoʻololi ke kiʻekiʻe ma muli o nā ʻano mai 20 cm (ʻano dwarf) a 2 m (kiʻekiʻe).

He kumu lāʻau mānoanoa ko ka mea kanu ma lalo, i uhi ʻia me nā lauoho paʻakikī. Nui nā lau, lōʻihi-petiolate, ʻōmaʻomaʻo a i ʻole ʻeleʻele ʻōmaʻomaʻo, nui, me ʻelima a ʻehiku mau lobes, e like me ke koʻokoʻo, pubescent. ʻO nā pua, e like me ka mallow māla maʻamau, he hoʻokahi, nui, bisexual, melemele-cream i ke kala, aia i loko o nā axils lau ma nā pedicels pubescent pōkole. ʻO nā hua Okra he boll manamana lima, mai 6 a 30 cm lōʻihi. ʻAi wale nā ​​ʻōpio ʻōpio (3-6 lā) ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo, ʻaʻohe meaʻono loa o nā hua ʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele. ʻAi ʻia nā huaʻai Okra i ka mea hou (waiho ʻia lākou i nā salakeke), a hoʻolapalapa ʻia, ʻai ʻia, palai. Hoʻohui ʻia, hoʻomaloʻo ʻia lākou, paʻahau, a kēne kēne.

Hoʻokomo ʻia nā hua ʻoka malo ʻole me nā ʻanoʻano i mea ʻono i nā sopa a me nā mea ʻono, mai kēia mea e loaʻa ai kahi ʻono velvety maikaʻi loa a me ke kūlike ʻana o ka viscous. ʻO nā hua pala ʻole - poepoe, ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻeleʻele a ʻoliva paha, hiki ke maʻalahi i ka pi ʻōmaʻomaʻo, a hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻano mākua a ʻōlehu ʻia e hana i ka kope gombo.

Aia kekahi mau ʻano okra a ʻokoʻa lākou i ka maʻamau, nā wā oʻo, ke ʻano a me ka nui o nā hua. ʻO kahi laʻana, i ka State Register hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i nā ʻano aʻe: White Cylindrical, White Vvett, Green Vvett, Dwarf Greens, Ladies Fingers (ma ke ala, ʻo ka unuhi o ka inoa Pelekane o nā mea kanu e like me kēlā), Juno. Akā no nā kenekulia he nui, he lāʻau lapaʻau nō hoʻi ka ʻoka.

Mōʻaukala moʻomeheu

Manaʻo ʻia ʻo Tropical Africa ka ʻāina hānau o ka okra; i kahi moku hihiu, mālama ʻia ia ma Nubia ma ka moku ʻo Blue Nile. Ua loaʻa nā archaeologists a me nā paleobotanist i nā koina o kēia mea kanu ma kahi o nā pūnaewele kanaka i ka wā o ka Neolithic. Ma Sudan, ua mahi ʻia kēia hua ma kahi o ʻeono kaukani mau makahiki. No nā makahiki he mau kaukani, i ko lākou homeland, ua hoʻohana ʻia ka okra no ka meaʻai ʻaʻole wale nā ​​hua ʻōpio a mākou e maʻa ai, akā i nā lau hoʻi. Loaʻa nā fiber ikaika mai nā koʻokoʻo no ka hana ʻana i nā kaula a me nā ʻeke. Hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻano pala i ka Hikina ʻAlapia, i hoʻomoʻa mua ʻia ma ke ʻano he pani kope. I kekahi manawa hoʻohui ʻia ka pauka hua i ka kofe e palupalu ai ka ʻono a hāʻawi i kahi ʻala musky. Ma ka laulaha, ʻo ka inoa Lākina no ka mea kanu, ʻo Abelmoschus, mai ka ʻAlapia habb-al-misk, ʻo ia hoʻi "keiki a musk." Ua mahalo nui ʻia ʻo Musk ma ka Hikina a me nā mea āpau e hoʻomanaʻo ai iā ia e mālama ʻia me ka mahalo nui. I kekahi manawa ua hoʻohui ʻia kēia mau hua i pūlehu ʻia i ka hana ʻana i ka sorbet (sherbet). Hoʻohui ʻia, loaʻa nā ʻanoano mākua a hiki i 25% aila momona, i hoʻohana ʻia i meaʻai a i ʻole no ka hoʻopiha ʻana i nā ipukukui ʻaila

I loko o ka wā o ka naʻi aupuni ʻAraba, hele mai ka ʻoka i Sepania, kahi i paʻa paʻa ʻia i ka meaʻai Sepania, a mai laila e hoʻomaka ai e neʻe ma waena o ʻEulopa, ma ka hema. Kaulana ia i nā ʻāina he nui o ʻEulopa Hema (Bulgaria, Helene), ʻAmelika, ʻApelika a me ʻAsia. Ua mahi ʻia ʻo Okra ma India i ka wā o Neolithic mua. Ua ʻike nā kānaka hulikoehana i nā wahi kālepa ma waena o ka moʻomeheu pre-Aryan a me ka poʻe o ʻApelika Hikina. I ka meaʻai India, hoʻohana ʻia ka okra e hana i nā chutneys a, ma muli o kona kūlike me ka momona, e hoʻonui ai i nā sopa. Ma ke ala, a hiki i kēia lā, paʻa ʻo India i ka moʻolelo no ka hana ʻana i ka ʻoka - 5,784,000 tone, ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe āpau.

Ua hele mai ʻo Okra i ka ʻāina ʻAmelika ma mua. Manaʻo ʻia ua hoʻomaka ʻo ia me nā kauā ʻeleʻele mua mai ʻApelika mai, nāna i hoʻohana i ka ʻoka ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻokalakupua no ka hoʻomana Voodoo. A ma laila i hoʻokipa nui ʻia ai ka mea kanu e ka lehulehu. ʻO kahi laʻana, kona hiʻohiʻona i ka meaʻai meaʻai Brazil mai ka hoʻomaka o ke kenekulia 17, a ua pālahalaha ʻia ma ʻAkau ʻAmelika - ka hoʻomaka o ke kenekulia 13. Ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa i kēia manawa, kaulana ia i nā mokuʻāina hema, a pili pū ʻia me nā meaʻai Creole a me ʻAmelika ʻAmelika. Ma Rūsia, ulu wale kēia hua ma nā mea kanu liʻiliʻi ma nā Terasori ʻo Krasnodar a me Stavropol.

Ke ulu nei, hana hou, mālama

ʻO Okra kahi meakanu thermophilic, akā i ko mākou wahi hiki ke ulu maikaʻi ʻia ma o nā mea kanu ulu, a ʻo kahi laʻana o ia ʻano māla kalaka kūleʻa ka ʻohi ʻana o ka ʻoka i loko o ka waiwai Melekhovo ma lalo o AP Chekhov. Kupu mālie nā hua Okra - 2-3 mau pule. Ma mua o ka lūlū ʻana, pulu ʻia lākou i ka wai mehana no hoʻokahi lā. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi e lūlū i nā ipu peat a i ʻole nā ​​cassette, ʻoiai ʻaʻole ʻae maikaʻi kēia moʻomeheu i ke kanu pono ʻana. ʻO Okra kahi taproot lālā waliwali a ke kanu ʻia nā mea kanu me ka ʻole o ka papa o ka honua, maikaʻi loa lākou e maʻi ai no ka manawa lōʻihi, a ʻo ka mea maikaʻi loa e make wale lākou. ʻO ka mahana optimum no nā mea ulu ulu he + 22 + 24 ° C. Kanu nā mea kanu i ka lepo ākea i ka lepo mehana i hoʻomehana ʻia ma hope o ka hala ʻana o ka makaʻu o nā hau hau. ma ka moku ʻo Moscow ʻo ia ka hoʻomaka o Iune a i ʻole ma mua iki, akā me ka hiki ke puʻuhonua. Makemake ʻo Okra i nā wahi lā a me ka lepo momona momona. Ma mua o ke kanu ʻana, pono ʻoe e hoʻohui i ka superphosphate - e like me nā mea kanu mai kahi e ʻohiʻohi ai nā hua, koi ka okra i nā piʻi hoʻonui o kēia mea. Papa hoʻolālā pae 60 × 30 cm.

Mālama - ka wehe ʻana i ka lepo, ka weuweu a me ka hoʻoinu. Kūleʻa ka moʻomeheu, akā i ka wā maloʻo a i ka wā o ka hua hua ʻana e pono ai i ka waikahe mau a nui hoʻi. Kūkulu ia ma kahi o 2 mau mahina ma hope o ka germination. 4-5 mau lā ma hope o ka mae ʻana o ka pua, kūkulu ʻia kahi hua, a pono e hōʻiliʻili ʻia. ʻOi aku ka ʻai o nā hua kahiko a emi iho ka ʻono. Hoʻomaʻemaʻe ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe i kēlā me kēia lā 3-4 a hiki i ka hau, ʻo ia hoʻi a hiki i ka make ʻana o nā mea kanu. E like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia, ua uhi ʻia nā mea kanu o ka okra me ka pubescence nui, a ʻo kekahi poʻe e launa me nā lauoho e hana i nā maʻi āpau a me ka ʻili.

ʻO nā mea hōʻeha a me nā maʻi Okra

E like me ka nui o nā mea kanu mea kanu, hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia ka ʻoka e nā maʻi a me nā meaola. Hiki i ka pauma pauda ke hana i nā mea ʻino loa. ʻIke ʻia e like me ka pua keʻokeʻo e pua i nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua o ka lau a me nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ka mea kanu. ʻO ka mea hana o ka maʻi hibernates ma nā ʻōpala mea kanu. I mea e hōʻalo ʻole ai i kona pālahalaha ʻana, lawe koke ʻia nā koena mea kanu a lawe ʻōnaehana ʻia nā nāhelehele a puni ka hale kōmaʻomaʻo, ʻo ia ka mea mua e hoʻopilikia ʻia e ka paukū a me nā halihali o ka maʻi.

Hoʻopili ka brown spot i ka mea kanu ma kahi kiʻekiʻe o ka wai i nā greenhouse a me nā hotbeds. Ma ka ʻaoʻao luna o nā lau o nā mea kanu, ʻike ʻia nā kiko melemele, ma ka lalo - pua i ke kukui mua, a laila ʻeleʻele eleele. Me ka hōʻino nui, huli a lau a maloʻo nā lau. ʻO ka mea hana o ka maʻi hibernates ma nā ʻōpala mea kanu.

ʻO Thrips kahi insect liʻiliʻi e hoʻomāinoino i nā hale hoʻoulu. Ma muli o kā lākou momona, hiki i nā thrips ke hōʻino i kahi nui o nā mea kanu i kahi manawa pōkole. Hōʻike nā kiko keʻokeʻo-melemele i nā lau mai kā lākou pricks, nā lau, me ka hōʻino nui, huli brown a maloʻo.

Ke ʻike ʻia nā thrips, infusions a decoctions o nā mea kanu insecticidal o ka pepa ʻawaʻawa (50 g / l), hoʻohana ʻia ka wormwood (100 g / l), ma ke ʻano he koho exotic - nā ʻalani, alani, lemon (100 g / l). No ka hoʻopili maikaʻi ʻana, 20-40 g kopa holoi no 10 liters i hoʻohui ʻia i ka hopena ma mua o ka pīpī ʻana.

Kūleʻa ka cabbage scoop, nā ʻenuhe i ke kau waena a i ʻole ka hopena o Mei. ʻAi lākou i ka lau o ka lau, a koe wale nā ​​aʻa. Me kahi helu liʻiliʻi, ʻohi lima ʻia nā ʻenuhe, a me kahi helu nui loa - kāpīpī me nā hoʻomākaukauolaola: bitoxibacillin a i ʻole lepidocide (40-50 g no 10 l o ka wai).

I nā makahiki pulu, hiki i nā slug ke hoʻouka i ka okra, a hakakā lākou i nā kuʻuna a me nā ala āpau: wehe lākou i ka mauʻu, wehe pono i ka lepo, hoʻonohonoho i nā pahele ma kahi e hūnā ai nā slug, kāpīpī i nā ala me ka lehu, ka lime a i ʻole ka superphosphate, a kau pū i ka pia. i loko o nā pā kahi e heʻe pū ai lākou i lalo.

A kupu mai ka nīnau - no ke aha kēia mau hana maalea? Aia kekahi mau mea ʻai ʻē aʻe, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka capricious?

Pono a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau o ka okra

Nui nā huaʻai Okra i nā paʻakai mineral, nā waikawaola, nā wikamina C, E (0.8 mg /%), K (122 μg), ka hui B (B1 - 0.3 mg /%, B2 - 0.3 mg /%, B3 (niacin) - 2.0 mg /%, B6 0.1 mg /%). ʻO nā hua e waiwai i ka protein e like me ka soybeans.

Loaʻa nā hua ʻoka i nā huaʻaleʻale, ka pulupulu a me ka pectin. Inā he mea nui ka mea mua no ka digestion a me ka hana maʻamau o nā ʻōpū, a laila ʻoi aku ka nui o ka multifaceted a me ka hoihoi o ka hana o nā pectins. Hiki i nā mea kanu ke loaʻa ka nui o nā pectins ke hiki ke hemo i nā ʻano toxins āpau a me nā radionucleides mai ke kino aku. Loaʻa nā waiwai sorbing maikaʻi i nā Pectins a "hōʻiliʻili", e like me ka mea holoi holoi, e hele ana ma o ka gastrointestinal tract, nā mea āpau āpau. A haʻalele palekana ʻia kēia mau mea mai ke kino. Ua hoʻomaopopo ʻia ʻo ka ʻai mau ʻana o nā kīʻaha okra e kōkua i ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i nā hana ʻōpū a hoʻopau i nā pilikia e like me ka bloating, ka paʻa ʻana, a, no laila, pale i ka ʻona e pili ana i ke kino. I nā noiʻi o kēia au, ʻike ʻia ka hoʻohana mau ʻana o ka okra i mea e kōkua ai i ka maʻamau o ka cholesterol, a ʻo ia ka mea e pale aku ai i nā maʻi maʻi ʻōpū. Hoʻohui ʻia, manaʻo ʻia i kēia manawa ʻo ka lawe ʻia ʻana o nā lāʻau make mai ke kino ka pale ʻana i nā maʻi maʻi he nui, a i kekahi manawa oncology, ʻo ka ʻōpū. Manaʻo ka poʻe loea hiki ke hoʻohana i ka okra e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ka maikaʻi o ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi kō, ka maʻi ponia, ka maʻi hākō, ka hānō, a me nā maʻi ʻē aʻe he nui. Eia hou, ma muli o kēia hopena hoʻomaʻemaʻe, pono ia e hoʻopili iā ia i ka papaʻai no ka luhi mau loa, ma hope a i ʻole ka lawe ʻana o kahi nui o nā lāʻau lapaʻau, a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka leo maʻamau o ke kino.

Ma muli o ka ʻike o nā pectins like a me nā ʻūlū like, ʻo ka okra kahi anti-inflammatory a me ka pale uhi maikaʻi. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka ʻoka baila i meaʻai no ka gastritis, colitis. Eia kekahi, ma muli o ka hoʻopuni ʻana a me nā waiwai emollient, hoʻohana ʻia kahi decoction a i ʻole nā ​​hua i hoʻolapalapa ʻia o ka okra no nā anu. E hana i kēia, hoʻomākaukau i kahi decoction o nā hua, hoʻolapalapa iā lākou i ke kūlike o ka jelly. Pono e hoʻohana i kēia broth e gargle me ka puʻu ʻeha a i ʻole lawe ʻia i loko (ʻona iki e like me ka makemake) no ka bronchitis, tracheitis, pharyngitis.

Hoʻohui ʻia, loaʻa i ka okra nā waikawaola, nā wikamina C, nā minelala, nā wikamina B a me ka waikawa folic, a he mea nui ia no nā hana o ke kino.

Akā he kakaikahi loa nā calories i kēia mea kanu. ʻOiai he huahana papaʻai, ʻo ka okra kahi mea maikaʻi loa o nā papaʻai haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia no ka momona a me ka maʻi kō.

Manaʻo ʻia he mea pono kēia mea kanu no nā poʻe e ʻehaʻeha nei mai nā ʻano maka like ʻole a me nā mea e makaʻu nui nei i ka hoʻomōhala ʻana i nā cataract.

Okra falai me nā ʻōmato

Nā Pono no ka meaʻai:

• 4 tbsp ʻoka (ʻōra),
• ʻokiʻoki i ka hapa 450 gr. nā ʻōmato hua liʻiliʻi (e like me Cherry, San Marzano),
• ʻokiʻoki i ka hapalua 4 cloves o kālika, ʻānai 3 tbsp. l.
• oliva aila
• 1 onion liʻiliʻi,
• ʻokiʻoki i loko o ka pā paʻakai paʻakai a me ka pepa hou
• ʻO kahi vīneka cider apple e pīpī

Hoʻomākaukau hoʻomākaukau: Fry i ke kālika i loko o ka ʻaila ʻoliva i kahi kolake ma lalo o ke poʻi ma ke anawaena mahana a hiki i ka manawa gula. E hoʻomoʻi i ka ʻoka a me ka ʻaka, ka wā me ka paʻakai a me ka pepa a kāwili a hiki i ka palupalu, 10 - 12 mau minuke. E hoʻoulu i nā tumato, e kuke no 3 mau minuke. A laila hoʻohui i kahi vīneka cider apple.