Pāholo Porcini

Description

ʻO Porcini mushroom (Boletus edulis) kahi ʻano o ka mushroom e pili ana i ka ʻoihana basidiomycete, papa agaricomycete, kauoha boletus, ʻohana boletus, boletus. ʻO kēia ka lunamaka waihoʻoluʻu nui loa o ke aupuni mōhaki.

ʻO ka inoa pōkole o ka mushroom he "keʻokeʻo" maʻalahi, kapa ʻia kekahi he boletus. ʻOiai ʻo ka poʻe ʻohi mushroom ʻike ʻole maʻalahi e hoʻomaopopo maʻalahi i ka "mea kaulana nahele" a hoʻopiha i kā lākou mau hīnaʻi me ia.

No ke aha i kapa ʻia ai ka hakea Porcini keʻokeʻo?

Ua loaʻa ka inoa o ka mushroom porcini i ka wā kahiko, ke maloʻo pinepine ʻia nā ʻalalaha ma mua o ka palai a moa ʻia paha. ʻO ka pulupulu marble o ka porcini mushroom e keʻokeʻo maikaʻi ma hope o ka mālama ʻana i ka wela a me ka maloʻo ʻana. Ua ʻike ka poʻe i kēia hiʻohiʻona a kāhea i ka mushroom me kahi pāpale pouli keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo. ʻO kekahi mana o ka inoa e pili ana me ke kūʻē ʻana o ka mushroom porcini i ka mea ʻono maikaʻi a liʻiliʻi hoʻi o ka mea pono "ʻeleʻele", ka ʻiʻo e ʻeleʻele i ka ʻoki.

Hat

Loaʻa nā ʻalalā a pau o ka genus boletus i kahi ʻala kupanaha a me ka ʻono piquant.

Ke ulu nei ka pāpale brownish-brown o ka hamo porcini makua ma ka awelika a 7-30 kenimika ke anawaena. Akā i kekahi mau latitude, ma lalo o ka ua nui a me nā mahana mahana, kū pū kekahi mau pūpū porcini me ke anawaena o 50 kenimika.

ʻO ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ka makahiki o ka haki he maʻalahi: i loko o ka mushroom porcini ʻōpio, he ʻano like ke kiʻi ʻia o ka pāpale i kahi kiʻi convex, ʻoi aku ka pālahalaha ʻia o nā hua momona i kekahi manawa, a i kekahi manawa hoʻi hohola ʻia i ka helehelena. ʻO kaʻili o ka pāpale porcini mushroom i ka hapanui o nā hihia he ʻoluʻolu i ka paʻi ʻana, kahi ʻano velvety liʻiliʻi, pili paʻa ka ʻili luna i ka pulp, no laila paʻakikī e hoʻokaʻawale iā ia.

I ka wā maloʻo a me ka makani, uhi ʻia ka pāpale me kahi pūnaewele o nā wīwī liʻiliʻi akā hohonu a i ʻole nā ​​māwae, e alakaʻi ai i ka hōʻino ʻana i nā pores kūloko o ka fungus. I ka ua ua, hiki ke ʻike ʻia kahi kiʻi ʻoniʻoni o nā mucus ma ka piko o ka pāpale.

Hiki ke ʻokoʻa ke kala o ka pāpale o ka mushroom porcini - mai keʻokeʻo ʻulaʻula a i keʻokeʻo ʻaneʻane waiū. ʻO ka ʻelemākule ka makahiki, ʻoi aku ka pouli a me ka momona o ka pāpale, a loaʻa i ka ʻili kahi ʻano koʻikoʻi.

Pulp

Kū paʻa ka ʻiʻo o ka mushroom porcini pala, momona a me ka hapanui kikokiko, me kahi waihoʻoluʻu keʻokeʻo maikaʻi. I nā ʻulā kahiko, lilo ia i ʻano fibrous, loaʻa i ka malu o ka pulp kahi melemele a i ʻole ka leo beige māmā.

wawae

Liʻiliʻi ke kiʻekiʻe o ka wāwae o ka mushroom porcini, ma ka awelika hiki aku i 12 mau kenimika, akā hiki nō hoʻi iā ʻoe ke hālāwai me nā ʻelele hou aʻe "kiʻekiʻe", a ʻo ka ʻūhā o lākou e piʻi i 25 kenimika ke kiʻekiʻe. ʻO ke anawaena o ka wāwae ka 7 cm, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi - 10 cm.

ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona o ka mushroom porcini ke ʻano o kona kumu: he ʻano barela a i ʻole clavate; i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa, i nā ʻulā kahiko ua lilo ia i cylindrical, elongated iki i waenakonu a mānoanoa ma ke kumu a me ka pāpale. ʻO kona kala mai ke keʻokeʻo a i ka brown brown, i kekahi manawa me nā kiko ʻulaʻula ʻeleʻele.

Aia nā hāhi porcini, nā waihoʻoluʻu o nā pāpale a me nā wāwae i aneane like loa. ʻO ka pinepine, ma ke kumu o ka pāpale, he ʻupena o ka uha lahilahi nā ʻūlū lahilahi, i kekahi manawa aneane hiki ʻole ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia me ke kumu nui o ka ʻili.

Pākuʻi ʻia a spore kaola

ʻAʻole ʻike ʻia nā koena o ka moena i ka porcini mushroom - maʻemaʻe maikaʻi ke kumu o ke koʻokoʻo.

ʻO ka pauka Spore o kahi hue ʻoliva-ʻalani momona, ʻo nā spores o nā pua puaʻa porcini iā ​​lākou iho me he spindle lā ke ʻano, nā mea nui loa he 15.5 x 5.5 mau microns. Mālamalama ka papa tubular, a laila melemele, ke kiʻi nei i kahi hue ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻoliva.

Ulu nā hua puaʻa Porcini ma nā ʻāina āpau, koe wale nō ka Australia maloʻo a me Antarctica anu. Loaʻa ia ma nā wahi āpau ma ʻEulopa, ma ʻAkau ʻĀkau a me ʻAmelika Hema, ma Mekiko, ma nā panalāʻau o Kina, Iapana a ma nā ʻāpana ʻākau o Mongolia, ma ʻApelika ʻĀkau, ma nā Moku ʻo Pelekane, ma Caucasus, Kamchatka, Hikina Hema, ma ka latitu waena a me ka hema.

ʻIke pinepine ʻia nā pūlehu porcini i ka taiga ʻākau, ma ka ʻāpana ʻEulopa o Lūkia a ma ka Hikina hikina.

I ka manawa a ma nā ulu hea e ulu ai nā pua pua porcini?

He loli loa ke kaʻapuni ulu o nā hau porcini a pili i kahi o ka ulu. Hoʻomaka ka ulu ʻana o nā mushroom Porcini i Mei a Iune paha, a pau ka nui o nā mokupuni mushroom i ka hopena o ke kau - i ʻOkakopa-Nowemapa (i nā wahi mehana).

I nā wahi ʻākau, ulu ka pua pua porcini mai Iune a Kepakemapa, a hoʻomaka ka hōʻiliʻili nui i ka hapa lua o ʻAukake. ʻOi aku ka lōʻihi o ka ulu ʻana o ka boletus: hiki i ke oʻo ʻana i hoʻokahi pule wale nō.

Ke ulu nei nā ʻūlū i nā ʻohana a i ʻole nā ​​kolone kani, no laila ke hālāwai nei i hoʻokahi mushroom porcini i ka nahele e hoʻohiki pinepine ai i ka mea hōʻiliʻili mushroom.

Ulu nā hua puaʻa Porcini i nā ulu lāʻau coniferous a deciduous a i ʻole huikau ma lalo o nā kumulāʻau e like me spruce, pine, ʻoka, birch, hornbeam, a me fir. Hiki ke hoʻokō ʻia ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana o nā hua moa porcini i nā wahi i uhi ʻia me ka limu a me ka lichen, ma ke one, one loam a me nā lepo loamy, akā ʻaʻole ulu iki kēia mau ʻalalā ma nā ʻāina pohō a me nā pele peat.

Aloha ka cep i ka lā, akā hiki ke ulu i nā wahi pouli. Ulu ulu maikaʻi ʻole ka mushroom me ka lepo i piha i ka wai a me nā mahana o ka ea i kēlā me kēia lā. ʻAʻohe ulu iki ʻo Porcini i ka tundra a me ka tundra-tundra, ka ululāʻau, a ma nā ʻāpana steppe, ʻaʻole loaʻa iki ʻo Porcini.

Nā ʻano o nā huaahi porcini, nā inoa a me nā kiʻi

Ma waena o nā hua puaʻa porcini, ua manaʻo ʻia nā ʻano aʻe e kaulana loa:

ʻO Net net mushroom Porcini (upena boletus) (Boletus reticulatus)

Pāhona ʻai. Ma waho, he mea like ia me kahi lele manuahi, he pāpale ʻeleʻele a ʻoka paha hoʻi ia, i kekahi manawa me ka ʻalani alani, aia ma ka wāwae pōkole pōkole. ʻO ka ʻupena ma ke kumu o ka mushroom keʻokeʻo a ʻeleʻele paha. Loaʻa ka pāpale i ke anawaena o 6-30 cm. Keʻokeʻo ka ʻiʻo.

ʻIke ʻia ka cep i ka beech i hoʻopiʻi ʻia, ʻoka, hornbeam, nā ulu lāʻau chestnut o ʻEulopa, ʻAmelika ʻĀkau a me ʻApelika, ma Caucasus. Hana ʻia i Iune-Kepakemapa, akā ʻaʻole pinepine.

ʻO Porcini mushroom keleawe keleawe (hornbeam) (Latin Boletus aereus)

ʻO Porcini birch mushroom (spikelet) (Boletus betulicola)
ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona o ka laha ke kukui māmā loa, kokoke i ke keʻokeʻo o ka pāpale, a hiki i 5-15 cm ke anawaena. ʻOi iki ka manawa, he ʻona momona a melemele paha kona kala. ʻO ke kumu o ka mushroom he ʻano barela, keʻokeʻo-ʻeleʻele i ke kala, he hei keʻokeʻo ma kona ʻaoʻao luna. Ma ka ʻoki, ʻaʻole polū ka mushroom, keʻokeʻo ka pulp o ka mushroom.

Ke ulu wale nei ka mushroom Porcini ma lalo o nā birches, ʻike ʻia ia ma nā wahi āpau, kahi e ulu ai nā ululāʻau a me nā ulu lāʻau, ma nā alanui a me nā kaʻe. ʻO ka hua ʻana mai Iune a ʻOkakopa, hoʻokahi a i ʻole nā ​​hui. Piʻi pinepine ia ma loko o Rūsia, a ma ʻEulopa Komohana.

ʻO Porcini birch mushroom (spikelet) (Latin Boletus betulicolus)

ʻO pine cep (uka, pine-aloha boletus) (Boletus pinophilus)

ʻO kahi ʻano o ka mushroom porcini me kahi pāpale kala ʻeleʻele nui, i kekahi manawa me kahi lilina poni. Aia ke pāpale i ke anawaena o 6-30 cm. ʻO ka ʻiʻo o ka haki ma lalo o ka ʻili lahilahi o ka pāpale he kala ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula, keʻokeʻo i ke kumu, ʻaʻole uliuli i ka ʻoki. Mānoanoa ka wāwae o ka haki, pōkole, keʻokeʻo a ʻeleʻele paha i ke kala, he ʻeleʻele a ʻulaʻula paha ka maka.

Ulu ʻo Pine cep i loko o nā ululāʻau paina ma nā one one a ma nā kuahiwi, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka ulu lāʻau spruce a deciduous, i loaʻa ma nā wahi āpau: ma ʻEulopa, ʻAmelika Waena, Rusia (ma nā ʻāpana ʻākau o ka ʻāpana ʻEulopa, ma Siberia).

ʻO pine cep (Latin Boletus pinophilus)

ʻO kahi mushroom me kahi pāpale ʻeleʻele, akā ʻaʻole brownish, akā me kahi aniani hina, i kekahi manawa ua "hoʻopuehu ʻia" nā wahi māmā ma ka pāpale. ʻO ka ʻiʻo o kēia laha ke ākea a liʻiliʻi hoʻi ma mua o nā ʻano ʻē aʻe o Porcini.

Hiki ke ʻike ʻia ʻo Porcini oak mushroom i nā ulu lāʻau ʻoka o ka Caucasus a me ka Teritori Primorsky, ʻike pinepine ʻia ia ma waena o Rūsia a me nā panalāʻau hema.

ʻOka cep (lat.Boletus edulis f. Quercicola)

Hoʻomaʻamaʻa mushroom (Boletus edulis f. Edulis)
ʻO ka mushroom Porcini maʻamau loa. Ua hoʻolōʻihi ʻia ka wāwae a mānoanoa ma ka lalo. Hiki i ka hei i kahi ʻekolu a hapa paha o ka wāwae. He ʻeleʻele, ʻulaʻula a i ʻole waihoʻoluʻu chestnut ka pāpale.

Ulu ʻo Porcini mushroom ulu i ka fir a spruce nā ululāʻau ma Lūkia a me ʻEulopa, koe wale no Iceland. Hōʻike ka mushroom porcini i ka mahina ʻo Iune a hua i nā hua a hiki i ke kauwela.

Nā waiwai kūpono o nā hua puaʻa porcini, nā wikamina a me nā minelala

Ma muli o ka nui o ka waiwai o ka mineral, ʻo ka mushroom porcini kekahi o nā momona i makemake nui ʻia a maikaʻi hoʻi. No ke aha he mea pono ka mushroom porcini?

• ʻO ka mea mua, aia kahi nui o ka selenium i loko o ka pulp o ka mushroom porcini, hiki ke hoʻōla i ka maʻi ʻaʻai i nā wā mua.
• ʻO ka Ascorbic acid, i loko o Porcini, he mea nui ia no ka hana maʻamau o nā mea āpau.
• ʻO ka pulp keʻokeʻo ʻono maikaʻi e loaʻa ai ka calcium, ka hao i mea nui no ke kino o ke kanaka, a me nā phytohormones, e kōkua ai e hōʻemi i nā hana hōʻeha i ke kino.
• ʻO Riboflavin, kahi ʻāpana o ka porcini mushroom, kōkua i ka normalize o ka momona thyroid, a hoʻomaikaʻi pū i ka ulu ʻana o ka lauoho a me ke kui.
• Loaʻa nā huaʻai B i loko o Porcini i ka hopena maikaʻi i ka ʻōnaehana hopohopo, ka ikehu metabolism, hoʻomanaʻo a me ka hana o ka lolo, pale i ka ʻili a me nā membrane mucous mai nā maʻi, ke kuleana no ka hiamoe maikaʻi, ke ʻano maikaʻi a me ka makemake.
• Lecithin o ka porcini mushroom he mea pono no ka atherosclerosis a me ka anemia, kōkua i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe i nā kīʻaha koko mai ka kolesterol.
• Aia ke waiwai o ka porcini mushroom i ke alo o B-glucan, kahi antioksant e pale ai i ka ʻōnaehana pale kanaka a hakakā i nā fungi, nā virus a me nā bacteria.
• ʻO Ergothioneine i ka fungus Porcini e hoʻoulu i ka hou o nā kino o ke kino, a he mea pono hoʻi no nā puʻupaʻa, ke ake, nā maka, a me nā iwi o ka iwi.
• Pēlā pū kekahi me ka mushroom porcini stimulate i ka huna o nā wai digestive.
• ʻO ka mushroom Porcini he haʻahaʻa-calorie, 90% wai, kūpono no ka hoʻomaloʻo ʻana, palai ʻia a me ka ʻai, pickled no ka wā e hiki mai ana no ka hoʻoilo. ʻAno palupalu ka ʻono o ka pala ʻai i kuke ʻia; koke ma hope o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe, hāʻawi ia i kahi pilau uʻi maikaʻi, kahi e hoʻonui ai ma hope o ka mālama ʻana i ka wela. Loaʻa ka ʻala porcini i ka ʻala ikaika loa ma hope o ka hoʻomaloʻo pono ʻana, ke lilo ka pulp i ka wai.

He paʻakikī loa kēlā me kēia mushroom no ka digestion kanaka. Akā hoʻomaloʻo ʻia ia i nā champignons porcini i hiki ke maʻalahi ʻia no ka digestion, ʻoiai i kahi ʻano maloʻo, hoʻopili ke kino o ke kanaka a 80% o nā protein o ka mushroom porcini. ʻO kēia ke ʻano o ka mushroom e ʻōlelo ai nā meaola.

Poino porcini ʻino

ʻO ka mushroom porcini kahi mea kanu i ka ʻai, akā hiki ke ʻawahia pū ʻia i kekahi mau hanana.

• Loaʻa i ka mushroom Porcini ka chitin, paʻakikī i ke kino o ke keiki, nā wahine hāpai, nā poʻe me nā maʻi o ka ʻōnaehana digestive a me nā puʻupaʻa e komo. ʻOiai ʻo ka porcini broth hiki ke alakaʻi i nā exacerbations.
• ʻO nā hua puaʻa Porcini, e like me nā mushroom, hōʻiliʻili i nā metala kaumaha ʻino i loko o ka lepo. ʻO ia ke kumu e pono ai ʻoe e akahele a ma kekahi hihia mai koho ʻoe i nā momi e ulu ana i loko o ke kūlanakauhale a kokoke i nā ʻoihana ʻoihana, nā ʻāina, nā ʻōpala, kokoke i nā ala nui.
• ʻO ke kumu ʻekolu no ka noʻonoʻo ʻole ʻana i ka wā e ʻai ana i nā fungus porcini ke kū ʻana o kahi hopena maʻi ʻaʻai i nā spore mushroom.
• A, ʻoiai, ʻo ka hoʻohana ʻana o kahi pālua weliweli o ka mushroom porcini, i kapa ʻia he mushroom gall a i ʻole ʻawaʻawa, hiki ke alakaʻi i ka lāʻau make.

ʻO nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo maʻalahi no ka poʻe ʻike maopopo ʻole i ka ʻulā a hoʻohuikau paha i ka porcini me ka bile, ʻaʻole pono e ʻohi i nā ʻalalā i uliuli (huli ʻalani, huli ʻulaʻula) ke ʻoki ʻia a ʻono kahi ʻono.

Pehea e hoʻokaʻawale ai i kahi mushroom Porcini mai kahi mea wahaheʻe?

Pulp

ʻO kekahi o nā ʻokoʻa nui ma waena o ka mushroom porcini a me ka fungus gall hewa he kala ʻoki. Ke ʻoki, ʻeleʻele ka ʻiʻo o ka ʻalani a lilo i brownish-brown. ʻAʻole hoʻololi ka ʻiʻo o ka lau porcini i ke kala a keʻokeʻo mau.

wawae

Loaʻa i ka ʻalani kahe i kahi ʻano like me ka maka mesh ma ke kumu, kahi i loaʻa ʻole i ka mushroom porcini ʻai.

Hymenophore

Pinkish ka papa tubular o nā ceps wahaheʻe, ʻoiai keʻokeʻo a melemele paha nā ceps maoli.

hoao

ʻAwaʻawa ka hake Porcini wahaheʻe, ʻokoʻa ka ʻai Porcini ʻai ʻole. Eia kekahi, ʻaʻole e loli ke ʻawaʻawa o ka ʻawaʻawa kahe i ka wā o ka paila ʻana a i ka palai ʻana, akā hiki ke hōʻemi i ka wā o ka kohi no ka hoʻohui ʻana o ka vīnega.

Ke ulu nei i nā hua puaʻa porcini ma ka home ma kahi hoʻolālā pilikino

Ke haʻohaʻo nei nā mea he nui pehea e kanu a ulu ai i kahi mushroom porcini i ko lākou hale kauwela. ʻAʻole paʻakikī ka ʻenehana o ka ulu ʻana i nā momona porcini ma ka home a i ʻole i kahi hoʻolālā pilikino, ʻoiai he lōʻihi ka manawa, pono ka hoʻomanawanui a me ka ʻoi loa o ka pololei mai iā ʻoe.

Ke hoʻolālā nei e ulu i nā hua puaʻa porcini, e noʻonoʻo i hoʻokahi nuance: he mea noho ka nahele porcini i ka nahele, no laila ʻaʻole hiki ke noho me ka ʻole o ka symbiosis me kahi lāʻau. ʻO kahi koho kūpono inā pili ka ʻāina i ka nahele, ʻoiai kahi kihi e ulu ai kekahi mau lāʻau pākahi wale nō - pine, kahi aspens, birch, ʻoka a spruce, kūpono pū kekahi. Makemake ʻia e lilo nā kumulāʻau ma kahi o 8-10 mau makahiki.

Aia he 2 ala nui e ulu ai i nā lau porcini ma ka ʻāina ma ka home:

• ke ulu nei mai ka mycelium;
• ke ulu nei mai nā spores i ka pāpale mushroom.
• E noʻonoʻo kākou i kēlā me kēia o lākou i ke kikoʻī.

Ke ulu nei i nā hua puaʻa porcini mai mycelium

ʻO ka hana mua e kūʻai i nā mea kanu kanu kiʻekiʻe, ʻo ia hoʻi, e kūʻai i ka porcini mycelium ma kahi hale kūʻai kūikawā. I kēia manawa pono ʻoe e hoʻomaka e hoʻomākaukau i kahi i koho ʻia no ke kanu pololei ʻana. Hiki ke hana i kēia mai Mei a hiki i ka hopena o Kepakemapa - ma hope aia he hiki i ka hau, hiki ke hoʻopau i kāu mau hana āpau.

Ma kahi o kahi kumu lāʻau (pine, birch, ʻoka, aspen, spruce), pono pono e hūnā i ka lepo, e hemo ana i 15-20 knm o ka papa luna mai luna mai, a laila e hana ana i kahi pōʻai me ke anawaena o 1-1.5 mika. Pono e mālama i ka lepo no ka uhi hope o ka pūnaewele.

Hoʻomoe ʻia ka peat a pala maikaʻi paha i ka mahele i hana ʻia: ʻaʻole ʻo ka mānoanoa o ka papa momona e ʻoi aku ma mua o 2-3 cm.

Hoʻomoe ʻia nā ʻāpana o ka mycelium mushroom porcini ma ka lepo i hoʻomākaukau ʻia, hana ʻia kēia i kahi papa checkerboard, a he mea pono e mālama i kahi mamao ma waena o nā ʻāpana o ka mycelium o 30-35 cm.

ʻO ka hana hou e uhi pono i ka Porcini mushroom mycelium me kahi papa o ka lepo āu i hemo ai i ka hoʻomaka mua. Pono e hoʻoinu pono ʻia ka kanu ʻana a nui (2.5-3 bākeke no kēlā me kēia lāʻau). He mea pono e hana me ke akahele loa i ʻole e hemo ka lepo.

Hoʻopili ʻia kahi wahi i hoʻoinu ʻia me kahi mauʻu o ka mauʻu 25-35 knm ka mānoanoa, kahi e mālama ai i ka wai i makemake ʻia a pale i ka mycelium mai ka maloʻo ʻana. I ka wā e hiki mai ana, lawe ʻia ka hoʻoinu wai i ʻelua mau manawa o ka pule, e hoʻohui ana i ka lole kiʻekiʻe i ka wai, e laʻa me ka Baikal EM-1 complex.

Ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hau a ma mua o ka hāʻule ʻana o ka hau, uhi ʻia ke kīhāhā me ka limu nahele, nā lālā spruce a i ʻole ka papa o nā lau i hāʻule e hana i kahi hau hau. I ka wanaʻao, hemo pono kēia uhi me kahi rake.

ʻO ka hōʻiliʻili mua ʻana o nā pūlehu porcini ʻaʻala i loaʻa i hoʻokahi makahiki, a me ka mālama pono ʻana o ka mycelium i hoʻokumu ʻia, ʻo ia hoʻi, me ka hoʻoinu a me ka hānai ʻana i ka manawa kūpono, hiki ke hua ka "māla home" o nā mahi ʻai porcini i nā hua no 3-5 mau makahiki.

Ke ulu nei i nā hua puaʻa porcini mai nā pāpale

No kēia ʻano hana, pono ʻoe e hele i ka nahele a kiʻi i nā pāpale mai nā mākia porcini oʻo, a ʻoi paha. ʻAʻole pono ke anawaena o ka pāpale ma lalo o 10-15 cm. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi inā ʻo ka pulp o ka mushroom ma ka haki kahi ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo, e hōʻike ana i ka pala o ka pauma spore.

Ke ʻohi ʻana i nā hua puaʻa porcini, e hoʻolohe i nā lāʻau āu e ʻoki ai iā lākou, no ka mea aia ia ma lalo o nā kumulāʻau like āu e kanu ai ma kāu pūnaewele. ʻAʻole hiki ke aʻa ma lalo o kahi pine a lāʻau ʻoka paha kahi pākeke porcini e ulu ana ma lalo o kahi birch i loko o ka ululāʻau ulu.

Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā pāpale o nā lau porcini mai nā wāwae a, ma ka helu o 7-12 mau pāpale no kēlā bākeke wai (ʻoi aku ka wai ua), ua pulu lākou no 24 mau hola. He mea pono e hoʻohui i ka waiʻona (3-5 punetēpu no 10 l) a i ʻole kō (15-20 g no 10 l) i ka wai. E ʻoluʻolu e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i nā ʻulā āpau, a ʻoi aku ka nui o ka overripe, no laila pono ʻoe e pulu iā lākou i ka wā koke ma hope o ka ʻohi ʻana, akā ʻaʻole ma hope o 8-10 mau hola.

I hoʻokahi lā ma hope mai, e kāwili pono i nā pāpale mushroom i pulu ʻia me kou mau lima a hiki i ka nui o ka jelly-like me ka jelly, e kānana iā ia ma o kahi papa o ka gauze, a laila e hoʻokaʻawale ana i ka hopena wai me nā spore mushroom mai ka momona o ka mushroom. ʻAʻole pono ʻoe e hoʻolei i ka pulp paʻakikī.

Hoʻomākaukau kaulike ʻia kahi no ke kanu ʻana i nā ʻalalā porcini i ke koho mua (ke kanu ʻana i ka porcini mycelium). ʻO ka ʻokoʻa wale nō ka peat a i ʻole kahi papa o ka compost i ninini ʻia me kahi hopena o nā tanin e hoʻopau i nā mea kanu a me ka lepo.

Hoʻomākaukau ʻia kēlā ʻano hopena e like me kēia: hana ʻia kahi pack 100-gram o ke kī ʻeleʻele me kahi lita o ka wai e hoʻolapalapa ana, a i ʻole 30 mau kolamu o ka lāʻau ʻoka i hoʻolapalapa ʻia i ka lita o ka wai no hoʻokahi hola. Ma hope o ke anuanu, hoʻoinu ʻia ka wahi i koho ʻia no ke kanu ʻana me kēia agena, ma ka helu o 3 liters o ka hana tanning no kēlā me kēia lāʻau.

Eia hou, ninini kaulike ʻia ka wai me nā spore me kahi ladle ma luna o kahi "uluna" momona, ʻoiai e hoʻonāukiuki ʻia ka hopena wai i kēlā me kēia manawa. ʻO ka "keke" Mushroom mai nā pāpale e waiho pono ʻia ma luna, ua uhi ʻia nā "seedling" i hoʻomākaukau ʻia me kahi papa o ka lepo, lawe ʻia a puni ka lāʻau i ka wā mua, a me kahi papa o ka mauʻu.

ʻO ka mālama ʻana i kahi hoʻomaʻemaʻe mushroom me ka pinepine ʻole, akā ka pinepine a me ka nui o ka wai, no ka mea ʻo ka maloʻo ʻana e alakaʻi i ka make o nā ceps ʻaʻole i kupu aʻe nā spores. No ke kau hoʻoilo, pono e insulated ke kahua, a i ka puna, hemo mai iā ia kahi "kapa" o nā lālā spruce, nā lau make a i ʻole ka mauʻu. Hiki iā ʻoe ke leʻaleʻa i nā hua lau porcini i ulu ʻia e ka home i ke kauwela a i ʻole ke kauwela.

Nā ʻano ʻē aʻe e ulu ai i nā lau porcini

Aia kekahi mau ala ʻē aʻe e ulu ai i nā lau porcini i kou pā hale, ʻaʻole makemake nui ʻia ia, akā hiki iā lākou ke hāʻawi i nā hopena maikaʻi.

I ka nahele, ʻeli pono lākou i nā ʻāpana o ka mycelium i ka nui o ka hua moa nui. A laila waiho ʻia i loko o nā lua hohonu ʻole ma lalo o ka lāʻau ma ka pūnaewele, a kāpīpī iki ʻia me ka lepo a hoʻoinu mau ʻia.

Uhaʻi ʻia nā huaahi porcini overripe, hoʻomaloʻo i ka malu no hoʻokahi lā, e hoʻowali i nā ʻāpana. A laila hāpai ʻia ka papa luna o ka sodeta ma lalo o ka lāʻau ma ka pūnaewele a waiho ʻia ka nui i hoʻomākaukau ʻia ma laila, e hoʻihoʻi ana i ka paila i kona wahi a hoʻopaʻa pono iā ia. Ua ninini nui ʻia ka pūnaewele me ka wai.

Nā mea hoihoi e pili ana i nā pua puaʻa porcini

1. ʻAʻole i ʻoi aku ka nui o ke ola o ka porcini mushroom i 9 mau lā, akā aia kekahi mau ʻano kaʻawale i hiki ke "ola" no 15 mau lā. I kēia manawa, hoʻonui nui lākou i ka nui, ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o kā lākou congeners.
2. Ma hope o ka ʻoki ʻana, nalowale koke ka mushroom i kāna mau waiwai pono me ka hana ʻole kūikawā. Ma hope o 10 mau hola, aia wale nō ka hapalua o nā minelala a me nā macronutrients i loko o kāna pulp.
3. I ka nahele i nā manawa pinepine hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i kahi mushroom porcini me kahi kala lemon ʻole ʻalani a ʻalani paha, kahi i ka hapanui o nā hihia e makaʻu i nā mea ʻohi hāhi i ʻike ʻole, ʻoiai ʻo ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o kēlā mau hiʻohiʻona e ʻai a ʻaʻole ʻemi iki i ka ʻono.