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Description
ʻO Rapeseed, e like me ka aila rapeseed i ko mākou ʻāina, ke lanakila nei i nā wahi i lūlū ʻia. A i ke ala like, ʻike pinepine ʻia ka aila rapese i kā mākou papaʻaina. Ma kēia manawa - wale nō he hoʻokolohua a hoʻokolokolo paha, akā i kekahi manawa - ua like me kahi mea i maʻa mau loa i ka papaʻai.
Ma ka helu ʻana o nā aila ʻono a olakino, ʻo ka ʻoliva a me ka ʻaila linseed ka mea mua ma nā ʻāina ʻEulopa, a ukali ʻia e ka aila rapeseed, a laila wale nō kā mākou ʻaila sunflower kuʻuna.
Hoʻokumu ʻia nā ʻaila meaʻai āpau i ʻekolu mau momona momona: oleic (Omega-9), linoleic (Omega-6) a me linolenic (Omega-3). ʻO kā lākou hui ʻana i ka ʻaila rapeseed he kaulike maikaʻi loa, a ʻaʻole kēia ka hihia ma nā ʻaila ʻē aʻe ma mua o ka aila ʻoliva.
ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka aila rapeseed i hoʻomaʻemaʻe kūikawā ʻia a no laila ʻoi aku ka olakino ma mua o ka aila ʻoliva makamae. I kēia lā, ua lilo ka aila rapeseed i mea maʻamau i nā meaʻai olakino like ʻole, e pani ana i nā aila mea kanu ʻē aʻe.
ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o nā aila ʻē aʻe a ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ka digestibility. ʻO ka Omega-9 (ʻo kēia nā mon fatsaturated fatty acid, hoʻohaʻahaʻa lākou i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka "maikaʻi" kolesterol i ke koko) i ka aila rapeseed 50 - 65%, i ka aila ʻoliva - 55 - 83%.
Mōʻaukala o rapeseed
Ua mahiʻai ʻia ka hana hoʻomāinoino mai ka wā kahiko - ʻike ʻia ia i ka moʻomeheu a hiki i ʻehā mau makahiki kaukani BC. Manaʻo kekahi mau kānaka noiʻi i ka ʻāina hānau o rapeseed, a i ʻole, e like me kā ka poʻe ʻEulopa e kapa ai, reps, Europe, ʻo ia hoʻi ʻo Kuekene, ʻo Netherlands a me Pelekane Nui, ʻo kekahi poʻe - ke Kaiwaenahonua.
Ma ʻEulopa, ua kaulana ka rapese ma ke kenekulia 13, kahi i hoʻohana ʻia no ka meaʻai a no ka hoʻomālamalama ʻana, ʻoiai e puhi maikaʻi ka ʻaila rapeseed a ʻaʻole hāʻawi i ka uahi. Eia nō naʻe, ma mua o ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka mana mahu, ua palena iki kāna hoʻohana ʻenehana.
Akā i ka waenakonu o ke kenekulia 19, ua lilo i mea makemake nui ʻia ka rapeseed - ua ʻike ʻia ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻopili ʻana o ka aila rapese ma mua o nā lubricant i nā papa hao i pili i ka wai a me ka mahu. A ʻo ka ʻoihana ʻaila ʻōpio i kēlā manawa ʻaʻole hiki ke hōʻona i nā pono āpau no nā aila loea.
Akā i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke kenekulia 20, ʻo ka ʻike ʻana o ka nui o nā huahana aila maʻalahi i hāʻule nui i ka nui o ka mahiʻai rapeseed.
Ua kapa ʻia ʻo Rape i kekahi manawa ʻo ka ʻoliva ʻākau, ʻoiai ʻo ka ʻaila i loaʻa mai kāna mau ʻanoʻano ua aneane like me ka ʻaila ʻoliva i kona ʻono a me nā waiwai meaʻai. Eia naʻe, ua hoʻomaka lākou e kamaʻilio e pili ana i kāna mau pono i kēia manawa. A hiki i ka 60s o ke kenekulia 20, ua hoʻohana wale ʻia ka ʻaila rapeseed no nā hana ʻenehana - ma ka ʻoihana textile a me ka ʻili, i ka hana kopa a me ka hana ʻana i ka aila maloʻo.
Hoʻomaka lākou e ʻai i ka aila rapeseed wale nō ma hope o kahi ala kūpono o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i nā ʻanoʻano mai ka waikawa erucic acid, i loaʻa i ka nui o ka aila, a hiki i 47-50%, i loaʻa.
Ma ka hopena o nā makahiki he nui o ka hana hoʻohua ma 1974 ma Kanada, ua laikini ʻia kahi ʻano rapese hou, i kapa ʻia ʻo "canola" mai kahi hui o nā huaʻōlelo ʻelua - ʻo Canada a me ka aila (aila), kahi i ʻoi aku ai ka mahele o ka acid erucic 2%. A ʻoiai he exotic no ka aila canola no Rūsia, makemake nui ʻia ia ma Kanada, USA a me ʻEulopa Komohana.
Ka haku ʻana o ka aila rapeseed
ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona o nā lōlō hua lime ke kū o nā mea hoʻohui sulfur organik - thioglucosides (glucosinolates), a me nā waikawa amino-sulfur. ʻO ke koho no ka erukism non-erukism huli i pili pili ʻole ʻia me ke koho no ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o nā glucosinolates.
ʻO ka meaʻai rapeseed kahi hānai protein kiʻekiʻe, loaʻa iā ia he 40-50% protein, kaulike i loko o ka hui waikawa amino, e like me ka soy. Akā, aia nā glucosinolates i loko o ka ʻai (glycosides o monosaccharides kahi i hoʻololi ʻia ai ka oxygen o ka hui carbonyl e kahi sulfur atom), nā huahana o kā lākou palaho - inorganic sulfate a me isothiocyanates - he mau mea ʻona.
I nā ʻano hou o nā ʻano lōhiino oilseed, ʻaʻole ʻoi aku ka nui o nā glukosinolates i ka 1% ma ke kaupaona o nā mea maloʻo momona ʻole. ʻIke pololei a me ka hoʻopili helu ʻana o thiogucosides a me isothiocyanates i ka rapeseed a me ka aila he hana, hoʻolōʻihi manawa a ʻaʻole maikaʻi mau. No kēia kumu, hoʻokolokolo ʻia ke kū ʻana o nā mea i ʻōlelo ʻia i luna e ka ʻike o ka sulfur sulfur.
Loaʻa i ka aila Rapeseed linoleic, linolenic, oleic fatty acid, wikamina A, D, E, a me antioxidan
Ua lilo ka aila Rapeseed i laha loa i ka ʻoihana ʻoihana ma muli o kāna ʻano atypical. Hoʻohui ka hui waikawa momona o ka aila i nā impurities nunui o ʻelua mau waikawa maʻamau - mai 40 a ʻoi aku ma mua o 60% o ka nui o ka aila i hāʻule ma ka erucic acid, a i ka 10% - ma ka waikawa ekozenic.
Manaʻo ʻia he hopena maikaʻi ʻole kēia mau ʻākika i ka mokuʻāina o ka myocardium a me ka hana ʻana o ka puʻuwai. No laila, i kēia lā aila i manaʻo ʻia no ka hoʻohana kūloko i hua ʻia mai varietal rapeseed, ka ʻike o kēia mau ʻakika kahi i hoʻemi ʻia.
I kahi aila kūpono no ka hoʻohana kūloko, ʻoi aku ma mua o 50% o ka hoʻohui i hāʻule ma ka acidic oleic, a 30% - ma ka linoleic acid, a i ka 13% - ma ka waikawa alpha-linolenic.
ʻO nā keu pono o ka aila rapeseed
Nui aila nā aila mea kanu no kā lākou ʻike i nā wai momona momona polyunsaturated, ʻaʻole i hana ʻia i loko o ke kino, akā he mea nui ia no ka mālama ʻana i nā kaʻina hana nui.
ʻO kahi paʻakikī o kēia mau mea, i kapa pinepine ʻia ka huaora F, aia nā omega-3, 6 a me 9 acids, aia pū kekahi i ka aila rapeseed. He mea pono ia i loko o kēia ʻaila ʻaila e hōʻike ʻia ai nā waikawa omega-3 a me omega-6 i kahi ratio 1: 2, a ua manaʻo ʻia kēia kaulike no ke kino.
Pono ka wikamina F no ka mālama ʻana i ka momona momona momona, a no laila e manaʻo ʻia ka aila rapeseed he huahana olakino. Me ka lawa kūpono o ka lawe ʻana i loko o ke kino, hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia ka lipid metabolism, hoʻemi ka nui o nā kolesterol maikaʻi i ke koko.
No laila, me ka hoʻohana mau ʻana o ka aila rapeseed, hoʻemi ke kūkulu ʻia ʻana o nā plake kolamu ma nā paia o nā kīʻaha koko, a no laila, hoʻemi ʻia ka makaʻu o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā atherosclerosis, nā maʻi maʻi maʻi a me nā pilikia. Hoʻohui ʻia, kōkua nā omega acid i ka hoʻoikaika ʻana i nā paia o nā kīʻaha koko, e hoʻonui ana iā lākou a paʻa.
Hoʻokomo ʻia nā momona momona polyunsaturated i nā kaʻina hana hou, pono no ka hana maʻamau o ka puʻuwai, ate, pancreas, puʻupaʻa, lolo a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. Mahalo i ka polyunsaturated fatty acids i loko, e kōkua ka aila rapeseed i ka hoʻoikaika ʻana i nā ʻōnaehana hopohopo a me ka pale ʻana, e hoʻoneʻe i nā mea ʻino mai ke kino, a e hoʻolalelale i ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana mai ka maʻi.
Nā wikamina i ka aila Rapeseed
Loaʻa i kēia aila mea kanu ka nui o ka huaora E, ʻo ka hemahema o ka mea e hoʻopilikia maikaʻi i ke ʻano o ka ʻili, ka lauoho, nā kui, a me ka ʻōnaehana hānau kanaka. Eia kekahi, ʻo kēia vitamina kekahi o nā antioxidants kūlohelohe e pono ai no ka mālama ʻana i ka ʻōpio a me ke olakino, ʻoiai lākou e pale ai i ka hoʻokumu ʻana a me ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana o nā radical manuahi i loko o ke kino.
Ma waho aʻe o ka huaora E, loaʻa i ka aila rapeseed nā huaora B, ka huaʻa A a me ka nui o nā mea trace (phosphorus, zinc, calcium, copper, magnesium, etc.), pono no ke olakino o kēlā me kēia kanaka.
Manaʻo ʻia ka aila rapeseed e hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o ka meaʻai no ka poʻe e loaʻa ana i nā maʻi o ka ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū, no ka mea he hopena anti-inflammatory a me regenerative, hoʻemi i ka acidity o ka wai gastric, a he hopena laxative maʻalahi hoʻi.
ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka aila Rapeseed no nā wahine, no ka mea, ʻo nā mea e hana ai he mea pono ia no ka hoʻokumu ʻana i nā homone wahine. No laila, kōkua ka hoʻohana mau ʻana i kēia huahana e hōʻemi i ka makaʻu o ka infertility, a me nā maʻi o ka wahine wahine, me ka maʻi ʻaʻai. He mea pono hoʻi ka aila Rapeseed no nā wahine hāpai: nā mea i loko o ia mea e kōkua i ka ulu maʻamau o ka fetus.
E hoʻōla i ke kino a loaʻa i kēlā me kēia lā nā mea pono he nui, ua lawa ia e hoʻopau ai i ka puna he 1 o ka aila rapeseed i ka lā.
Ka hōʻino a me nā contraindications
Loaʻa i ka aila Rapeseed ka waikawa erucic. ʻO ka peculiarity o kēia waikawa ka hiki ʻole ke wāwahi ʻia e nā enzymes o ke kino, no laila hōʻiliʻili ʻia ia i loko o nā aʻa a kōkua i ka lohi o ka ulu ʻana, hoʻopaneʻe i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka wā ʻōpio.
Eia kekahi, ke alakaʻi nei ka acid erucic i nā haunaele i ka hana o ka ʻōnaehana cardiovascular, ke kumu o ka cirrhosis o ke ake a me ka hoʻopili ʻana o nā mākala iwi. ʻO ka paepae palekana no ka ʻike o kēia waikawa i ka aila ʻo 0.3 - 0.6%. Hoʻohui ʻia, hana ʻia ka pōʻino o ka aila rapeseed e nā pūhui ʻolaola i piha i ka sulfur i loaʻa nā waiwai ʻona - glycosinolates, thioglycosides a me kā lākou mea i loaʻa.
Hoʻopili maikaʻi lākou i ka gland thyroid a me nā meaola ʻē aʻe, a hāʻawi i ka ʻaila i kahi ʻono ʻawaʻawa.
Ua hoʻomohala nā Breeders i nā ʻano rapeseed kahi o ka ʻike o ka erucic acid a me ka thioglycosides i hoʻemi iki a hōʻemi loa ʻia paha i ka ʻole.
ʻO nā contraindications i ka hoʻohana ʻia o ka aila rapeseed he diarrhea, ka hoʻomanawanui ʻole o kekahi, he hepatitis maʻi mau, a ʻo cholelithiasis hoʻi i ka wā koʻikoʻi.
Nā mea ʻono o ka aila rapeseed a me kāna hoʻohana ʻana i ka kuke ʻana
Hōʻike ʻia ka aila Rapeseed e kahi ʻala ʻoluʻolu a me ka ʻono nutty māmā, hiki ke ʻokoʻa ke kala mai ka melemele māmā a i ka brown brown. I ke kuke ʻana, hoʻohana ʻia ia me kahi lole pono no nā salakeke, a me kahi ʻāpana o nā ʻano sauces, marinades, mayonnaise.
Paipai ka poʻe loea i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka huahana i kona ʻano maka, ʻoiai e lilo ana ka aila rapeseed i kāna ʻano kumu i ka mālama ʻana i ka wela.
ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona ʻokoʻa o kēia ʻano aila kona waiwai e mālama ʻia no ka manawa lōʻihi, ʻaʻole e nalo i ka transparency a ʻaʻole e kiʻi i kahi ʻala maikaʻi ʻole a me ke ʻano ʻawaʻawa, ʻoiai ma hope o ka lōʻihi. Manaʻo ʻia nā kūlana mālama kūpono he anuanu, nā wahi pouli kahi e hiki ai i ka aila rapese ke noho hou a hiki i ʻelima mau makahiki.
Ke koho ʻana i ka aila rapeseed, pono ʻoe e hoʻolohe i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ʻaʻohe sediment ʻeleʻele a ʻōpua hoʻi ma ka lalo o ka ʻōmole - hōʻike ia ua hiki i ka huahana ke huli rancid. Eia kekahi, hōʻike mau ka lepili i ka pākēneka o ka erucic acid - ma waena o 0.3 a 0.6%.
ʻO kaʻaila Rapeseed i ka cosmetology
Hoʻopulu ka ʻaila Rapeseed, palupalu, hānai a hoʻomaikaʻi hou i ka ʻili, no laila hoʻohana mau ʻia ia i ka dermatology a me ka cosmetology.
Hoʻohana ʻia nā waiwai hoʻonaninani o ka aila rapeseed e hana i nā huahana like ʻole no ka lauoho a me ka mālama ʻili. He kūpono no ka ʻili pilikia e pili ana i ka hakihaki - ma ke ʻano maʻemaʻe a i ʻole ma kahi hapa o ka haku mele.
Loaʻa kēia i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o ka aila rapeseed i loko o nā wikamina, nā protein maoli a me ka insulin, nā paʻakai mineral, a me nā waikawa - stearic a me palmitic. He ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo e hoʻohana ia mea i nā kalima i manaʻo ʻia no ka mālama ʻana i ka ʻili makua.
ʻO kahi mea maikaʻi i nā mea hoʻonani mālama lauoho - nā mea hoʻouluulu, nā pale maka, nā pale.
Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia e hana i ke kopa mai ka wana me ka aila kumu.