Aia nā veins saphenous i ka wāwae a hōʻoia i ka hoʻi o ke koko venous. ʻO kēia mau uaua ʻelua o ka lālā o lalo ka hana o ka hōʻoia ʻana i ka holo o ke kahe o ke koko i hoʻokahi ala, i kahi ala piʻi e pono ai e kūʻē i ka umekaumaha. 

ʻO nā pathology nui e hoʻopili i kēia mau uaua ke ʻano o nā veins varicose. Eia nō naʻe, ke ola nei nā lapaʻau, hiki nō hoʻi i ka lāʻau lapaʻau.

ʻO ke aa nui saphenous a me ka naʻau liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi kahi ʻāpana o ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo ka pūnaewele venna peripheral. Mahalo ia i nā kiwikā venous e hiki ai i ke koko ke holo wale i hoʻokahi wale nō ala: i ka puʻuwai.

Loaʻa ʻia kēia huaʻōlelo etymologically mai ka ʻōlelo ʻAlapina safina, saphenous, ʻo ia iho paha i kiʻi ʻia mai kahi huaʻō Helene i manaʻo ʻia "ʻike ʻia, maopopo". No laila, ʻo nā mea ʻohi koko koko ʻona longitudinal nui ʻelua i loko o ka wāwae i hana ʻia i:

• ka aa koko nui (i kapa ʻia ka naʻau saphenous o loko);
• ka liʻiliʻi saphenous vein (i kapa ʻia ʻo ka vena saphenous o waho). 

ʻO nā ʻāpana ʻelua o ka pūnaewele vene superficial. No laila piʻi ka vena saphenous nui i ke aʻa, e hui pū me ka pūnaewele hohonu. ʻO ke ʻano o ka naʻau saphenous liʻiliʻi, kahe nō ia i loko o ka pūnaewele hohonu, akā ma hope o ke kuli.

Hoʻokumu nā pūnaewele ʻelua i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, nā uaua o ka lālā o lalo: hohonu kahi, ʻo kahi mea ʻē aʻe, a anastomosed kekahi i kekahi i kekahi ma nā pae. Hoʻohui ʻia, hāʻawi ʻia kēia mau uaua o ka lālā lalo i nā kiwikā. ʻO nā valves he mau pelu membrane i loko o kahi auwai, eia ka aa, kahi e pale ai i ka hoʻi hope o ka wai.

ʻO ka hana physiological o nā veins saphenous ka lawe ʻana i ke kahe o ke koko mai lalo a luna o ke kino, a laila hiki i ka puʻuwai. ʻO ke aʻa koko saphenous nui a me nā aʻa liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi e hoʻopili i ke kahe o ke koko. 

Ke piʻi nei ke ala o ke koko i ka pae o nā veins saphenous ʻelua: no laila pono ia e hakakā kūʻē i ka hopena o ka umekaumaha. ʻO nā valves venous ke hoʻoikaika i ke koko e kahe i hoʻokahi wale nō ala: i ka puʻuwai. ʻO ka hana o nā kiwikā e hoʻokaʻawale i ke kahe o ke koko i ka aa, a pēlā e hōʻoia ai i ka holo hoʻokahi ala. 

ʻO nā pathologies nui i hiki ke hoʻopili i nā aʻa saphenous o loko a me waho o nā veins varicose. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, pili kēia mau anomalies, i ka hapanui o nā hihia, kēia mau ʻaoʻao superficial ʻelua e piʻi aʻe ma ka wāwae. Hoʻokumu ʻia nā veins varicose e ka puka ʻana o nā valves venous.

He aha nā veins varicose? 

Ke kulu nā valves venous o nā veins saphenous, ʻo kēia ke kumu o ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o nā veins, a laila lilo ia i tortuous: ua kapa ʻia lākou ʻo nā veins varicose, a i ʻole nā ​​veins varicose. Hiki ke hana i nā veins varicose ma nā wahi āpau o ke kino. Akā i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, pili nui lākou i nā veins superficial o nā lālā o lalo (ʻoi aku ka pinepine i ka esophagus a me ka canal anal).

Hiki i nā veins varicose o nā veins saphenous ke kumu i kahi pilikia cosmetic maʻalahi, a i ʻole ke kumu o nā pilikia olakino koʻikoʻi. Ke kulu nā kiwikā, no laila kahe hou ke koko mai nā hohonu o ke aa i nā veins superficial, kahi e hana maikaʻi ʻole ai a hōʻiliʻili ke koko ma laila. 

ʻO nā kumu o ka lawa ʻole o ka nohona kiwikā e like me kēia:

• he kumu hānau;
• stress stress (hoʻolōʻihi ʻia ke kū ʻana a i ʻole hāpai hāpai), ʻoi aku ka makaʻu o kekahi mau ʻoihana (e laʻa me nā mea pale lauoho a mea kūʻai aku paha);
• ʻelemakule

Nui a hewahewa nā ʻano lapaʻau e mālama ai i nā veins varicose o nā aʻa saphenous:

• Hoʻohui ʻia nā stocking compression: ka hoʻokomo ʻana i nā veins varicose (a i ʻole nā ​​stocking compression) i kekahi manawa no nā mea maʻi me nā ʻōuli ʻoluʻolu, a i ʻole no lākou e koi ʻole ʻia ai nā ʻano lāʻau ʻē aʻe;
• Sclerosis: hoʻokō ʻia ia e ka hoʻopili ʻana i nā veins varicose me kahi hopena e kumu ai ka huhū me ke kīpē o ke koko. Ke hoola ka wahi, hana ia i kahi ʻili e ālai i ke aa koko;
• ʻO Radiofrequency: ka hopena o endovenous e radiofrequency i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ikehu o nā radiofrequencies i mea e wela ai nā veins varicose a e pani iā ​​lākou;
• Laser: ʻo ka laser inclusion ka hoʻohana ʻana i kēia laser e pani i nā uaua;
• Ka huki ʻana: he hana ʻoki kēia. Pili ia i ka hoʻokomo ʻana i kahi koʻokoʻo maʻalahi i loko o ka aa koko, a laila hemo iā ia ma ka hemo ʻana i ke aa koko. No laila ke pahuhopu nei e wehe pololei i nā veins varicose, a me nā veins peripheral maʻi.

Hoʻopilikia ka lawa ʻole o ka venous i waena o 11 a me 24% o ka heluna kānaka i nā ʻāina hana e kūʻē i 5% wale nō ma ʻApelika a me 1% ma India. Eia hou, pono e hoʻomaopopo he hopena ia i ʻekolu mau wahine no hoʻokahi kāne. ʻO ka mea hoʻomanawanui e nīnau pinepine i kāna mea hana maʻamau, ma muli o kahi ʻōuli hana, kahi makemake ʻoluʻolu a i ʻole he veins veicose, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka edema. I ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ua hoʻololi ʻia he 70% o nā mea maʻi e kūkākūkā no ka manawa mua ma ke kumu o ka lawa ʻole o ka venous i loaʻa i ka kaumaha ma ko lākou mau wāwae (e like me kahi noiʻi Farani i lawe ʻia ma mua o 3 mau maʻi ma ka awelika mau makahiki 500).

ʻO kahi hoʻokolokolo olakino kikoʻī

ʻO kēia nīnau e hiki ai ke ʻike i ka mea hoʻomanawanui i kāna mau hana kūpono, nā maʻi ʻāpala, kāna mōʻaukala olakino a me nā ʻokiʻoki, a me nā haʻi a me nā plasters, a ʻo ka hope loa ka moʻolelo o ka maʻi thromboembolic, i loko ona a i ʻole i kona ʻohana.

Eia kekahi, e loiloi ka loio i nā kumu pilikia no ka lawa ʻole o ka venous superficial, me:

• hoʻoilina;
• makahiki;
• ʻIke kāne;
• ka helu o nā hāpai keiki no ka wahine;
• ke kaupaona a me ke kiʻekiʻe;
• hooikaika kino ole;
• hooikaika kino.

ʻO ka hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua hohonu

Aia ia i ka nānā ʻana i ka mea maʻi e kū nei ma kahi stepladder phlebology. ʻAʻohe o kāna ʻūlū lalo i ka ʻūlū, me ka ʻole o ke kāʻei a me ke kaohi.

Pehea ka hōʻike ʻana?

Hana ʻia ka hoʻokolokolo mai ka lalo i luna, mai nā manamana wāwae a hiki i ka pūhaka, kekahi lālā ma hope o kekahi me ka hoʻomaha ʻana o nā mākala. Pono e huli ka mea hoʻomanawanui. Hoʻomau ʻia kēia hoʻokolokolo me ka mea hoʻomanawanui e moe ana, i kēia manawa ma ka papa hōʻike (pono ke ʻano maikaʻi o nā kukui. Pono maoli nō e nānā i nā moku. Koikoi ka nānā ʻana ma ka piko o ka wāwae a ma lalo o ka ʻūhā no ka mea ʻo nā veins varicose ʻike mua ʻia, no ka hapa nui, hōʻike mua ma ka pae o ke kuli. A laila manaʻo ʻia he ultrasound he pono.

He mea pono nō hoʻi e makaʻala ke kauka he pono ia, ma ke alo o nā veins varicose nui, e ʻimi ai i nā mea pilikia no ke ʻano o ka ulcer venous.

ʻO kēia mau kumu pilikia.

• ka momona;
• kaupalena kuʻekuʻe wāwae dorsiflexion;
• ka paka;
• kahi hanana o ka thrombosis hohonu;
• kahi corona phlebectatica (a i ʻole dilation o nā veins subcutaneus liʻiliʻi ma ka lihi o ka wāwae);
• kahi hoʻololi i ka ʻili o ka wāwae (e like me ke alo o ka eczema).

ʻO ka moʻaukala o ke kahe o ke koko e ʻaiʻē nui i ka ʻepekema XNUMXth kenekulia^e Kenekulia William Harvey, ka mea i ʻike a wehewehe iā ia. Akā, e like me ka loaʻa ʻana o ka ʻepekema, hoʻokumu ʻia ia i ka ʻike i loaʻa, nīnau ʻia, i hōʻiliʻili ʻia i nā makahiki.

ʻO ka hōʻike mua loa i ʻike ʻia o ka puʻuwai kahi pena kiʻi pōhaku e hoʻomaka ana mai ka wā Magdalenian (aneane - 18 a - 000 makahiki BC), i ke ana o El Pindal (Asturias): aia nō ma laila ka puʻuwai. pena ʻia ma ka mamona e like me kahi ʻulaʻula i ke ʻano o ka puʻuwai kāleka pāʻani. I nā makahiki ma hope, e hoʻokau ka poʻe ʻAsuria i ka naʻau i ka naʻau a me ka hoʻomanaʻo. A laila, i ka makahiki 12 BC, ma ʻAigupita kahiko, he mea maʻamau ka pulse. Hōʻike ʻia ka puʻuwai ma ke kikowaena o nā moku.

Ua wehewehe pololei ʻo Hippocrates (460 - 377 BC) i ka puʻuwai. Eia naʻe, hewa kāna hānai physiological: nona, hoʻonāukiuki ka atria i ka ea, kaomi ka ventricle ʻākau i ke koko i loko o ke aʻa pulmonary e hānai ai i ka hū, aia wale ka ea i ka ventricle hema. Ma hope o kekahi mau manaʻo kūlia, pono e kali no ka XVI^e kenekulia, ma Italia, no André Césalpin ka mea mua e ʻike i ke kaapuni koko. A hiki i kēlā manawa, manaʻo ʻia ka neʻe ʻana o ke koko e like me ka ebb a me ke kahe. ʻO Césalpin ka mea nāna i manaʻo i ke ʻano o ka holo, ʻo ia ka mea mua i hoʻohana i kēia huaʻōlelo.

ʻO ka hope loa, ʻo William Harvey (1578-1657) a me kāna hana Ke aʻo anatomical o ka neʻe ʻana o ka puʻuwai a me ke koko i nā holoholona e hoʻololi i ke kumumanaʻo o ke kahe o ke koko. Penei, kākau ʻo ia: “Ma kahi o ke koko, noho mau nō ka papa like, ma nā aʻa a i ʻole nā ​​ʻaʻa. Mai nā arterioles, hele ka wai i nā veinlets o ka parenchyma, a lawa ka ikaika o ka puʻuwai e hoʻohuli i kēia hoʻololi.»

Hoʻohui ʻia, hōʻike ʻo Harvey i ka paʻa o nā aʻa i ka hana o ke kōkua i ka hoʻi ʻana o ke koko i ka puʻuwai. Kūʻē kēia manaʻo kipi i ka poʻe kūʻē kūʻē. Eia nō naʻe, ua kūleʻa ʻo Louis XIV i ka hoʻokau ʻana iā ia ma o ka intermediary o kāna kauā ʻo Dionis.