I loko o nā makahiki he 15-20 i hala iho nei, ua lawe maoli nā soybeans a me nā huahana i ka mākeke, a me ko mākou ʻōpū. Makemake nui nā mea kanu i ka soy. Akā, ua maikaʻi ʻo ia? ʻO ka makasina ʻAmelika mana ʻo "Ecologist" (The Ecology) i hoʻokomo i kahi ʻatikala koʻikoʻi e pili ana i ka soy.
"Me he mea lā i ka heresy i loko o ko mākou honua i hoʻopiha ʻia me ka soy," i kākau ai ʻo The Ecology, "akā ke hoʻopaʻapaʻa mau nei mākou hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻai i ka meaʻai olakino me ka ʻole o ka soy. Eia nō naʻe, ke hāʻawi ʻia i ka nui o ka lilo ʻana o ka soy i ʻāpana o kā mākou meaʻai, pono ia i kahi hoʻoikaika Herculean e hoʻopau iā ia mai ia mea.
Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, ʻo Asia portal Asia One, i kahi koho ma lalo o ka inoa hoʻohiki "Eat Right, Live Well", ma o ka waha o "chief nutritionist" Sherlyn Quek (Sherlyn Quek), hoʻomaikaʻi i ka soy ma ke ʻano he "lumnary meaʻai"; Wahi a Madame Kiek, ʻaʻole hiki i ka soy ke hāʻawi wale i ka meaʻai maikaʻi a maikaʻi hoʻi, akā ke "pale aku i ka maʻi maʻi umauma", ʻoiai me kahi hoʻopaʻapaʻa: inā hoʻokomo ʻia i ka ʻai mai ka wā ʻōpio.
Ke kamaʻilio nei kā mākou ʻatikala e pili ana i ka soy a hāpai i ʻelua nīnau no ka mea heluhelu i ka manawa hoʻokahi: pehea ka pono (a i ʻole ka pōʻino) o ka soy a pehea ka pono (a i ʻole ka pōʻino) o kāna hoʻololi genetic.?
ʻO ka huaʻōlelo "soy" i kēia lā me he mea lā e lohe ʻia e hoʻokahi o ʻekolu. A ʻike pinepine ʻia ka soy i mua o ka poʻe kamaʻāina i kahi kukui ʻokoʻa loa - mai kahi hoʻololi protein maikaʻi loa i nā huahana semi-finished "ʻiʻo" a me kahi mea e mālama ai i ka nani a me ke olakino wahine i kahi huahana hoʻololi genetically insidious e pōʻino i nā mea āpau, ʻoi aku hoʻi i ka ʻāpana kāne o ka honua, ʻoiai no ka wahine i kekahi manawa.
He aha ke kumu o ia hoʻopuehu i nā ʻano o nā waiwai o kahi mamao loa mai ka mea kanu exotic? E ho'āʻo kākou e noʻonoʻo.
I ka hoʻomaka ʻana, pono e ʻōlelo ʻia kekahi mau huaʻōlelo e pili ana i ka soy i kona ʻano kumu. ʻO ka mea mua, ʻaʻole ʻo soy kahi huahana hoʻemi kaumaha, nā dumplings cheap a i ʻole kahi pani waiu, akā ʻo nā pīni maʻamau, nona ka ʻāina ʻo East Asia. Ua ulu lākou ma ʻaneʻi no kekahi mau millennia, akā ua "hiki" nā pīni iā ʻEulopa ma ka hopena o XNUMXth - hoʻomaka o ke kenekulia XNUMX. Me ka lohi iki, ma hope o ʻEulopa, ua lūlū ʻia nā soybeans ma ʻAmelika a me Rusia. ʻAʻole i liʻuliʻu ka hoʻokomo maʻalahi ʻana o ka soya i ka hana nui.
ʻAʻole kēia he mea kupanaha: ʻO ka soybeans kahi meaʻai meaʻai nui loa i ka protein. Nui nā huahana meaʻai i hana ʻia mai ka soy, hoʻohana nui ʻia ia no ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka protein o nā kīʻaha like ʻole. ʻO kahi huahana kaulana i Iapana i kapa ʻia ʻo "tofu" ʻaʻole ia he mea ʻē aʻe ma mua o ka bean curd, kahi i hana ʻia mai ka waiū soy. Ua hōʻike ʻia ka tofu i ka nui o nā pono olakino, e like me ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka cholesterol koko a me ka pale ʻana i ka osteoporosis. Mālama pū ʻo Tofu i ke kino mai ka dioxin a no laila e hōʻemi i ka pilikia o ka maʻi kanesa. A he laʻana wale nō kēia o nā waiwai o kahi huahana soy.
Hiki ke hoʻoholo ʻia ʻo ka soy, kahi i hana ʻia ai ka tofu, loaʻa nō hoʻi nā ʻano o luna. ʻOiaʻiʻo, e like me ka manaʻo o kēia manawa, loaʻa i ka soy kekahi mau mea i loaʻa ka hopena maikaʻi i ke olakino kanaka: isoflavones, genistin, phytic acids, soy lecithin. Hiki ke wehewehe ʻia ʻo Isoflavones he antioxidant kūlohelohe, e like me nā kauka, hoʻonui i ka ikaika o ka iwi, he hopena maikaʻi i ke olakino wahine. Hana ʻo Isoflavones e like me nā estrogens maoli a hoʻomaha i ka ʻeha i ka wā menopause.
ʻO Genistin kahi mea hiki ke hoʻopau i ka ulu ʻana o ka maʻi kanesa i ka wā mua, a ʻo ka phytic acid, ma ke ʻano, ke kāohi i ka ulu ʻana o nā maʻi maʻi kanesa.
He hopena maikaʻi loa ka Soy lecithin i ke kino holoʻokoʻa. Kākoʻo ʻia nā ʻōlelo hoʻopaʻapaʻa e pili ana i ka soy e ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa koʻikoʻi: no nā makahiki he nui, ua lilo ʻo soy i ʻāpana koʻikoʻi o ka ʻai a nā keiki a me nā mākua o ka heluna o ka Land of the Rising Sun, a me he mea lā ʻaʻohe hopena ʻino. ʻO ka mea ʻē aʻe, ʻike ʻia nā Iapana e hōʻike i nā hōʻailona olakino maikaʻi. ʻAʻole wale ma Iapana e ʻai mau i ka soy, ʻo Kina a me Korea nō hoʻi. Ma kēia mau ʻāina āpau, he kaukani makahiki ka mōʻaukala soy.
Eia nō naʻe, ʻokoʻa loa ka manaʻo e pili ana i ka soy, i kākoʻo pū ʻia e ka noiʻi. Wahi a kēia manaʻo, he nui nā mea i loko o ka soy, me nā isoflavonoids ma luna, a me nā phytic acids a me ka soy lecithin, e hōʻeha nui i ke olakino kanaka. No ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i kēia pilikia, pono ʻoe e nānā i nā hoʻopaʻapaʻa a nā hoa paio o ka soy.
Wahi a ka contra camp, he hopena maikaʻi ʻole ka isoflavones i ka hana hānau kanaka. He hana maʻamau - ka hānai ʻana i nā pēpē ma mua o ka meaʻai pēpē maʻamau me kahi mea hoʻohālikelike soy (ma muli o nā hopena maʻi maʻi) - alakaʻi i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo e komo nā isoflavonoids e like me ʻelima mau papa mana hānau i ke kino o ke keiki i kēlā me kēia lā. No nā phytic acids, loaʻa ia mau mea i loko o nā ʻano legumes āpau. I ka soy, ʻoi aku ka nui o ke kiʻekiʻe o kēia mea i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā mea kanu ʻē aʻe o ka ʻohana.
ʻO nā waikawa phytic, a me kekahi mau mea ʻē aʻe i ka soy (soy lecithin, genistin), pale i ke kaʻina o ke komo ʻana i ke kino o nā mea pono, ʻo ia hoʻi ka magnesia, ka calcium, ka hao a me ka zinc.hiki i ka hopena ke alakaʻi i ka osteoporosis. Ma Asia, ka wahi hānau o ka soybeans, ua paleʻia ka osteoporosis ma kaʻaiʻana, me nā pīni pōʻino, ka nui o ka iʻa a me nā broths. Akā ʻoi aku ka koʻikoʻi, hiki i ka "soy toxin" ke hoʻopili pololei i nā ʻāpana o loko a me nā ʻāpana o ke kino kanaka, e luku a hoʻololi iā lākou.
Eia naʻe, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā ʻike ʻē aʻe. Ma Asia, ʻaʻole ʻai ʻia ka soy e like me ka mea i manaʻo ʻia. Wahi a nā moʻolelo mōʻaukala, ua hoʻohana nui ʻia ka soybeans i meaʻai ma nā ʻāina ʻAsia, ʻo ka hapa nui o ka poʻe ʻilihune. I ka manawa like, ua paʻakikī loa ke kaʻina hana o ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka soybeans a ua komo pū me ka fermentation lōʻihi loa a me ka kuke ʻana no ka wā lōʻihi. ʻO kēia kaʻina kuke ma o ka "fermentation kuʻuna" i hiki ke hoʻopau i nā toxins i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna.
ʻO nā mea kanu i ka US a me ʻEulopa, me ka noʻonoʻo ʻole i nā hopena, e ʻai i kahi 200 grams o ka tofu a me nā aniani o ka waiū soy 2-3 mau manawa i ka pule., i ʻoi aku ma mua o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka soy ma nā ʻāina ʻĀsia, kahi e ʻai ʻia ai i nā mea liʻiliʻi a ʻaʻole ma ke ʻano he meaʻai nui, akā ma ke ʻano he meaʻai meaʻai a meaʻai paha.
ʻOiai inā e haʻalele mākou i kēia mau ʻike āpau a manaʻo ʻaʻole e hoʻopilikia ka soy i ke kino, aia kekahi mea paʻakikī loa e hōʻole: aneane pau nā huahana soy i kēia lā i hana ʻia mai nā soya i hoʻololi ʻia. Inā i kēia lā ua lohe kēlā me kēia kolu e pili ana i ka soybeans, a laila ua lohe paha kēlā me kēia kanaka ʻelua e pili ana i nā meaʻai a me nā mea ola kino.
Ma nā ʻōlelo maʻamau, ʻo nā meaʻai transgenic a i ʻole genetically modified (GM) nā meaʻai i loaʻa nui ʻia mai nā mea kanu i hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o ka DNA o kekahi gene i hāʻawi ʻole ʻia i kēlā mea kanu. Hanaʻia kēia, no ka laʻana, i hāʻawi nā bipi i ka waiū momona, a lilo nā mea kanu i mea kū'ē i nā herbicides a me nā'ōpala. ʻO kēia ka mea i loaʻa me ka soy. I ka makahiki 1995, ua hoʻokumu ka US firm Monsanto i kahi GM soybean i kū i ka herbicide glyphosate, i hoʻohana ʻia no ka mālama ʻana i ka mauʻu. ʻO ka soybean hou i ka ʻono: i kēia lā ʻoi aku ma mua o 90% o nā mea kanu he transgenic.
Ma Rūsia, e like me ka nui o nā ʻāina, ua pāpā ʻia ka lūlū ʻana i ka soybeans GM, akā naʻe, ʻoiai, ma ka hapa nui o nā ʻāina o ka honua, hiki ke lawe manuahi ʻia. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā meaʻai maʻalahi ma nā hale kūʻai kūʻai nui, mai nā meaʻai ʻai ʻai a hiki i kekahi manawa, he soy GM. Wahi a nā lula, pono ia e hōʻike ma ka ʻeke inā he transgenes ka huahana a i ʻole. I kēia manawa ua lilo ia i mea kaulana loa i waena o nā mea hana: piha nā huahana i nā palapala "ʻAʻole i loaʻa nā GMO" (nā mea i hoʻololi ʻia genetically).
ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka ʻiʻo soy ma mua o kona ʻano maoli, a no ka mea ʻai meaʻai meaʻai maʻamau, he makana ia, akā ʻaʻole ʻoluʻolu ka hele ʻana o nā GMO i nā huahana - ʻaʻole makehewa ka hōʻole ʻana a i ʻole ka noho mālie e pili ana i ka hele ʻana o nā transgenes. i loko o kekahi huahana i hoʻopaʻi ʻia e ke kānāwai. No ka soy, ua alakaʻi ka Russian National Association for Genetic Safety i nā haʻawina, nā hopena i hōʻike i kahi pilina maopopo ma waena o ka lawe ʻana o GM soy e nā mea ola a me ke olakino o kā lākou mau keiki. ʻO nā keiki a nā ʻiole i hānai ʻia me ka soy transgenic he kiʻekiʻe ka nui o ka make, a me ke kaumaha a me ka nāwaliwali. Ma kahi huaʻōlelo, ʻaʻole maopopo loa ka manaʻo.
Ma ke kamaʻilio ʻana i nā pono waiwai, pono e ʻōlelo ʻia ʻo ka hapa nui o nā mea hana soybean, a ʻo ka hapa nui o nā mea hana soybean GM, e hoʻonoho iā ia ma ke ʻano he huahana olakino maikaʻi loa, i nā hihia koʻikoʻi - ʻaʻole ʻino loa. He mea maopopo, ʻoiai, ʻo ia ʻano hana nui e lawe mai i kahi kālā maikaʻi.
No ka ʻai ʻana a i ʻole ka ʻai ʻana i ka soy - hoʻoholo kēlā me kēia kanaka nona iho. ʻO Soy, ʻaʻohe kānalua, aia kekahi mau waiwai maikaʻi, akā ʻo nā mea maikaʻi ʻole, akā naʻe, ʻoi aku ka nui o kēia mau ʻano. Me he mea lā hiki i nā ʻaoʻao kaua ke haʻi pau ʻole i nā ʻano mea maikaʻi a pau, akā pono kekahi e hilinaʻi i nā ʻoiaʻiʻo.
ʻAʻole kūpono ka Soybeans i ko lākou ʻano kumu no ka ʻai kanaka. ʻAe kēia iā mākou e huki i kahi manaʻo (ʻano wiwo ʻole paha) ʻaʻole i hāpai ʻia kēia mea kanu e ke ʻano no ka ʻai kanaka. Pono ka Soybeans i ka hana kūikawā, kahi e hoʻohuli ai iā lākou i meaʻai.
ʻO kekahi ʻoiaʻiʻo: ʻO ka soybeans ka nui o nā toxins. He ʻokoʻa loa ka hana ʻana o ka soybean mai ka mea i hoʻohana ʻia i kēia lā. ʻO ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo ka sourdough maʻamau, ʻaʻole ia he kaʻina hana paʻakikī wale nō, akā ua hoʻokaʻawale hoʻi i nā toxins i loko o ka soy. ʻO ka mea hope loa, ʻaʻole hiki ke hōʻole ʻia: ʻoi aku ma mua o 90% o nā huahana soy i kēia lā i hana ʻia mai nā soybeans i hoʻololi ʻia. ʻAʻole pono e poina kēia i ka wā e hoʻohana ai i nā huahana soy i ka meaʻai a i ʻole ke koho ʻana i ka hale kūʻai kūʻai hou ma waena o kahi huahana kūlohelohe a me kāna mea kūʻai soy maʻamau. Ma hope o nā mea a pau, ʻo ke kānāwai gula maopopo o ka ʻai ʻana i ke olakino, ʻo ia ka ʻai ʻana i ka meaʻai maoli, ʻaʻole i hana ʻia e like me ka hiki.
Nā Puna: SoyOnline GM Soy Debate