ʻO ke kiwikā tricuspid (mai ka latina cusp ʻo ia hoʻi ke kumu ʻo ka ihe, a i ʻole ke kiwikā kihi ʻekolu) he kiwikā aia ma ka pae o ka puʻuwai, e hoʻokaʻawale ana i ka atrium ʻākau mai ka ventricle ʻākau.

wahi. Aia ka paepae tricuspid ma ka pae o ka puʻuwai. Māhele ʻia ka hope i nā ʻāpana ʻelua, ka hema a me ka ʻākau, kēlā me kēia me ka ventricle a me ka atrium. Hoʻokaʻawale ka valve tricuspid i ka atrium akau mai ka ventricle ʻākau (1).

'ole. Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka pahu tricuspid i ʻelua mau ʻāpana (2):

• ʻO ka mea hana kiwikā, i hana ʻia i ke apo fibrous e hoʻopuni ana i ka leaf valve a me nā leaflets kiwikā, e hoʻomaka ana i ka pae o ke apo fibrous a i hana ʻia me nā pelu o ka endocardium (loko o ka puʻuwai) (1).
• ʻO ka ʻōnaehana subvalvular, i hana ʻia me nā kaula tendon a me nā pou i kapa ʻia nā mākala papillary

Ala koko. Kolo ke koko i hoʻokahi ala ma o ka puʻuwai a me ka ʻōnaehana koko. Loaʻa i ke atrium akau ke koko venous, ʻo ia hoʻi he ʻilihune i ka oxygen a hele mai mai ka luna a me ka lalo vena cava. Hele kēia koko i loko o ka pahu tricuspid e hiki ai i ka ventricle ʻākau. Ma loko o ka hope, hele ke koko ma o ka pulmonary valve e hiki ai i ka pahu pulmonary. E hoʻokaʻawale ka mea hope i nā ʻāpana pulmonary ʻākau a hema hoʻi e hui pū me nā akemāmā (1).

Wehe / pani o ka kiwikā. Wehe ka pahu tricuspid i ke kaomi o ke koko ma ka pae o ka atrium ʻākau. Hoʻopaʻa ka hope a hāʻawi i ke koko e hele ma waena o ka valve tricuspid i ka ventricle ʻākau (1). Ke piha ka ventricle ʻākau a hoʻonui i ke kaomi, aelike ka ventricle a hoʻomaka i ka puka tricuspid e pani. Hoʻopaʻa paʻa ʻia kēia ma muli o nā mākala papillary.

Anti-reflux o ke koko. Ke pāʻani nei i kahi kuleana nui i ka hele ʻana o ke koko, ka pale tricuspid hoʻi e pale i ke kahe o ke koko mai ka ventricle ʻākau a i ka atrium ʻākau (1).

ʻO ka maʻi puʻuwai Valvular e pili ana i nā maʻi āpau e pili ana i nā valves puʻuwai. Hiki i ka evolution o kēia mau pathologies ke alakaʻi i kahi loli i ke ʻano o ka puʻuwai me ka dilation o ka atrium a i ʻole ka ventricle. Hiki i nā ʻōuli o kēia mau pathologies ke namunamu i ka puʻuwai, palpitations, a i ʻole discomfort (3).

• Ka lawa ʻole Tricuspid. Pili kēia pathology i kahi pani maikaʻi ʻole o ka kiwikā e alakaʻi ana i ke kahe hope o ke koko i ka atrium. ʻO nā kumu o kēia ʻano he ʻokoʻa a pili paha i ka pili o ka rumitis rheumatoid arthritis, kahi loaʻa a congenital malformation paha, a i ʻole kahi maʻi. Pili ka hihia hope i ka endocarditis.
• ʻĀkiki ʻo Tricuspid. Kākaʻikahi, pili kēia maʻi kiwikā i ka lawa ʻole o ka wehe ʻana o ka kiwikā e kāohi ana i ke koko mai ka holo maikaʻi ʻana. Hoʻololi nā kumu a pili paha i ka rheumatic fever, maʻi ʻaʻai a i ʻole endocarditis.

ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau. Kaukaʻi ʻia i ka maʻi maʻi a me kona holomua, hiki ke kuhikuhi ʻia kekahi mau lāʻau e laʻa ai e pale i kekahi mau maʻi e like me endocarditis infective. Hiki ke kikoʻī a mālama ʻia kēia mau hana no nā maʻi e pili ana (4) (5).

ʻO keʻano maʻamau. I nā kūlana kiʻekiʻe loa o ka maʻi maʻi, hana pinepine ʻia ke ʻoki. ʻO ka hana i loko o ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka kiwikā a i ʻole ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka kiwikā me ke kau ʻana o ka mīkini ʻenehana a pilikino paha (bi-prostesis) (3).

Ke kaulike. ʻO ka mea mua, ua lawe ʻia kahi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua i mea e hoʻopaʻa ai i ka helu o ka puʻuwai a kikoʻī hoʻi i nā ʻōuli i ʻike ʻia e ka mea hoʻomanawanui e like me ka pōkole o ka hanu a me nā palpitations.

ʻImi hoʻokolohua kiʻi. I mea e hoʻokumu a hōʻoia ai paha i kahi kuhi, hiki ke hana i kahi ultrasound cardiac, a i ʻole kahi ultrasound doppler. Hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia iā lākou e kahi angiography coronary, kahi CT scan, a i ʻole kahi MRI.

Electrocardiogramme dʻeffort. Hoʻohana ʻia kēia hōʻike e kālailai i ka hana uila o ka puʻuwai i ka hoʻoikaika kino ʻana.

Pāpā puʻuwai puʻuwai. ʻO Charles A. Hufnagel, ke kākāʻōlelo ʻAmelika o ke kenekulia 20, ʻo ia ka mea mua i haku i ka nohona puʻuwai puʻuwai. I ka 1952, ua hoʻokomo ʻo ia, i kahi mea maʻi e ʻehaʻeha nei i ka lawa ʻole o ka aortic, he kiwikā hana i hana ʻia o kahi hīnaʻi hao me kahi poepoe silikone i kau ʻia ma waenakonu (6).