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I ka 1848, ua hana mana ʻia ka chewing gum mua, i hana ʻia e nā kaikuaʻana Pelekane Curtis a hoʻomaka e kālepa i kā lākou huahana ma ka mākeke. He kūpono ʻole ia e ʻōlelo i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka mōʻaukala o kēia huahana mai kēlā manawa, no ka mea, aia nā prototypes o ka gum ma mua.
I ka wā o ka ʻeli ʻana i nā kālaihonua, ʻike ʻia nā ʻāpana resin a i ʻole beeswax i kēia manawa - no laila, ma Helene kahiko a me ka Hikina Waena, ʻo ka poʻe no ka manawa mua i hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ko lākou mau niho mai nā ʻōpala meaʻai a hāʻawi hou i ko lākou hanu. Ua hoʻohana ka poʻe Maya Indians i ka lāʻau - ke kohu o ka lāʻau Hevea, ka poʻe Siberian - ka resin viscous o ka larch, nā ʻAsia - kahi hui o nā lau betel pepa a me ka lime no ka disinfection.
Chicle - prototype ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa o ka chewing gum hou
Ma hope mai, ua aʻo ka poʻe India e hoʻolapalapa i ka kohu i hōʻiliʻili ʻia mai nā kumulāʻau ma luna o kahi ahi, ma muli o ke ʻano he kino keʻokeʻo viscous i hōʻike ʻia, ʻoi aku ka palupalu ma mua o nā mana o ka pākeke. ʻO kēia kahi i hānau ʻia ai ka kumu kumulāʻau maoli mua loa - chicle. Nui nā kapu i ke kaiāulu India e kāohi a hoʻoponopono i ka hoʻohana o chicle. ʻO kahi laʻana, i ka lehulehu, ʻae ʻia nā wahine male ʻole a me nā keiki wale nō e nau i ka kāpili, akā hiki i nā wahine male ke nau i ka chicle ke ʻike ʻole kekahi. Ua hoʻopiʻi ʻia kahi kāne ʻoki ʻana i kahi chicle no ka pono a me ka hilahila.
Ua lawe ka poʻe kolone mai ka Old World i ka hana a ka poʻe ʻōiwi o ka nau ʻana i ka chicle a hoʻomaka lākou e hana ʻoihana ma luna o ia mea, e hoʻouna ana i ka chicle i nā ʻāina ʻEulopa. Eia naʻe, ʻo ka mea maʻamau ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka paka, ka mea i hoʻokūkū lōʻihi me ka chicle.
Hoʻomaka ka hana kalepa mua o ka chewing gum i ka kenekulia 19, i ka manawa i hoʻomaka ai nā kaikuaʻana Curtis i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i nā ʻāpana o ka resin pine i hui pū ʻia me ka beeswax i pepa. Ua hoʻohui pū lākou i nā ʻono paraffinic e ʻokoʻa ai ka ʻono o ka gum.
Ma hea e hoʻokau ai i kahi tona o ka lākeke? E hele kāua i ka nau kāpili!
Ma ka manawa like, ua komo i loko ka mākeke i ka mākeke, a ʻo ka patent i lawe ʻia e William Finley Semple. ʻAʻole holo pono kā ʻAmelika hana, akā ua kiʻi koke ʻia ka manaʻo e ka ʻAmelika ʻAmelika ʻo Thomas Adams. Ma ke kūʻai ʻana i hoʻokahi tone o ka lākeke ma ke kumukūʻai kūʻai, ʻaʻole i loaʻa iā ia kahi mea e pono ai a ua hoʻoholo ʻo ia e kuke kāpili.
ʻO ka mea kupanaha, ua kūʻai koke ʻia ka pahu liʻiliʻi a ua hoʻomaka ʻo Adams i ka hana nui. Ma hope iki, ua hoʻohui ʻo ia i ka ʻono licorice a hāʻawi i ke ʻano o ka ʻulaʻula i ke ʻano o kahi penikala - ua hoʻomanaʻo ʻia kēlā pahu e kēlā me kēia ʻAmelika a hiki i kēia lā.
ʻO ka manawa no ka gum gum
I ka makahiki 1880, ua komo ka ʻono maʻamau o ka mint chewing gum i ka mākeke, a i loko o kekahi mau makahiki e ʻike ka honua i ka hua "Tutti-Frutti". I ka makahiki 1893, ua lilo ʻo Wrigley i alakaʻi ma ka mākeke nau.
Ua makemake ʻo William Wrigley e hana i ke kopa. Akā ua ukali ka mea ʻoihana hoʻohihi i ke alakaʻi a ka poʻe kūʻai aku a hoʻomaikaʻi hou i kāna hana i kahi huahana ʻē aʻe - chewing gum. ʻO kāna spearmint a me Juicy Fruits kahi mea nui loa, a ke lilo nei ka ʻoihana i monopoli i ke kula. I ka manawa like, hoʻololi ke kāpili i kona ʻano - ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o nā papa lahilahi i kēlā me kēia ʻōpala e hoʻohana ma mua o nā lāʻau i hala.
1906 - ka manawa o ka puka ʻana mai o ka pahu pahu mua ʻo Blibber-Blubber (bubble gum), i hana ʻia e Frank Fleer, a i ka makahiki 1928 ua hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia e ka mea kākau moʻolelo ʻo Fleer ʻo Walter Deamer. Ua hana ka hui like i ka gum-lollipops, i makemake nui ia, no ka mea, ua hoemi lakou i ke ala o ka waiona ma ka waha.
Ua hoʻomohala ʻo Walter Diemer i kahi ʻano kumu hoʻoheheʻe e hoʻomau nei a hiki i kēia lā: 20% rubber, 60% sugar, 29% corn syrup, a me 1% flavor.
ʻO ka chewing gum maʻamau ʻole: TOP 5
1. Pākuʻi niho niho
Loaʻa i kēia ʻōpala kahi pūʻolo o nā lawelawe niho: keʻokeʻo, ka pale ʻana i ka caries, ka wehe ʻana i ka helu niho. ʻO 2 pad wale nō i ka lā - a hiki iā ʻoe ke poina e hele i ke kauka. ʻO kēia ka Arm & Hammer Dental Care i ʻōlelo ʻia e nā kauka niho US. ʻAʻohe kō i ka nau ʻana, akā he xylitol ka mea e pale ai i ka pala o ka niho. Hana ʻo Soda ma ke ʻano he bleach, ʻo ka zinc ke kuleana no ka hou o ka hanu.
2. ʻO ka nau namu no ka noʻonoʻo
I 2007, Matt Davidson, he 24-makahiki-kahiko haumāna puka ma ka Stanford University keʻena hoʻokolohua, invented a e hana Think Gum. Ua hana ka ʻepekema i ka papa kuhikuhi no kāna mea i hana ai no kekahi mau makahiki. Aia i ka chewing gum ka rosemary, ka mint, kahi huki mai ka bacopa mea kanu India, guarana a me nā inoa ʻē aʻe o nā mea kanu exotic i pili pono i ka lolo o ke kanaka, hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hoʻomanaʻo a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka noʻonoʻo.
3. 'Oha nau no ka emi o ke kaumaha
ʻO ka moeʻuhane o ka pau ʻana o ke kaumaha - ʻaʻohe meaʻai, e hoʻohana wale i ka nau paona! Me kēia pahuhopu i hoʻokumu ʻia ai ka Zoft Slim chewing gum. Hoʻopau ia i ka ʻai a hoʻoikaika i ke kaumaha. A ʻo ka mea hoʻohui ʻo Hoodia Gordonii ke kuleana no kēia mau waiwai - he cactus mai ka wao nahele o ʻApelika Hema, e hoʻomāʻona i ka pōloli, e hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ke kō koko a me ka pae cholesterol.
4. ʻ .pala puʻupuʻu ikehu
ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea inu ikaika e mae i ke kua me ka ʻike ʻana o kēia ʻeke ikehu, hiki ke hoʻonui i ka hana i loko o 10 mau minuke wale nō o ka nau ʻana iā ia - a ʻaʻohe pōʻino i ka ʻōpū! Loaʻa i ka Blitz Energy Gum he 55 mg o ka caffeine, nā huaora B a me ka taurine i hoʻokahi pōpō. ʻO nā ʻono o kēia gum - mint a me ke kinamona - e koho mai.
5. Puka waina
I kēia manawa, ma kahi o ke kīʻaha waina maikaʻi, hiki iā ʻoe ke nau wale i ka gum Gum, kahi i loaʻa i ka pauka awa waina, sherry, claret, burgundy a me ka champagne. ʻOiaʻiʻo, he leʻaleʻa kānalua ka nau ʻana i ka waina ma mua o ka inu ʻana, akā ma nā mokuʻāina Islam kahi i pāpā ʻia ai ka waiʻona, kaulana kēia gum.