ʻO ka lobe occipital (lobe - mai ka Greek lobos, occipital - mai ka medieval Latin occipitalis, mai occiput) kekahi o nā ʻāpana o ka lolo, aia ma ka ʻaoʻao a ma hope o ka lolo.

wahi. Aia ka lobe occipital ma ka pae o ka iwi occipital, ma ka ʻaoʻao a me lalo o ka lolo. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ʻo ia mai nā lobes ʻē aʻe e nā ʻāpana like ʻole:

• Hoʻokaʻawale ka sulcus occipito-temporal iā ia mai ka lobe kino i mua.
• Hoʻokaʻawale ka ʻāwī parieto-occipital mai ka lobe parietal aia ma luna a ma mua.
• Aia ka calcarin groove ma lalo o ka occipital lobe.

ʻO ke ʻano nui. ʻO ka lobe occipital kekahi o nā ʻāpana o ka lolo. ʻO ka hope ka hapa nui o ka lolo a noho i ka hapa nui. Hana ʻia ʻo ia me nā neurons, aia nā kino o ia mea ma ka ʻaoʻao a hana i ka mea hina. Kapa ʻia kēia ʻili waho he cortex. ʻO ka hoʻolōʻihi ʻia o kēia mau kino, i kapa ʻia ʻo nā aʻalolo, aia i waenakonu a lilo i mea keʻokeʻo. Kapa ʻia kēia ʻili o loko ka ʻāina medullary (1) (2). ʻO nā ʻāwaha he nui, a i ʻole nā ​​māwae i ka hohonu, ʻokoʻa nā wahi like ʻole i loko o ka lolo. ʻO ka māwae longitudinal o ka lolo e hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i ʻelua mau ʻāpana, hema a ʻākau. Hoʻopili ʻia kēia mau hemispheres i kekahi i kekahi e nā commissures, ʻo ka mea nui o ia ka corpus callosum. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kēlā me kēia hemisphere, ma o ka sulcus mua, i ʻehā lobes: ka lobe mua, ka lobe parietal, ka lobe temporal a me ka lobe occipital (2) (3).

ʻO ke kūkulu ʻana o ka lobe occipital. Loaʻa i ka lobe occipital ka lua a me ka tertiary grooves, e hiki ai ke hana i nā convolutions i kapa ʻia he gyri.

Pili ka cerebral Cortex me nā hana noʻonoʻo, sensitivomotor, a me ke kumu a me ka kaohi o ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana o nā ʻiwi iwi. Hoʻolahalaha ʻia kēia mau hana ʻokoʻa i nā lobes ʻokoʻa o ka lolo (1).

Ka hana o ka lobe occipital. He mau hana somatosensory ka lobe occipital. Aia ke kikowaena o ka hihio (2) (3).

No ka degenerative, vascular a i ʻole ka maʻi maʻi, hiki ke ulu i kekahi mau pathologies i ka occipital lobe a hoʻopilikia i ka ʻōnaehana nerve waena.

Pāpā. ʻO ka pōʻino cerebrovascular, a i ʻole ka hahau ʻana, hiki i ka wā i paʻa ai ke kīʻaha koko i loko o ka lolo, e like me ke koko koko a i ʻole ka moku naha (4). Hiki i kēia pathology ke hoʻopili i nā hana o ka occipital lobe.

ʻO ke poʻo o ke poʻo. Ua like ia me ka ha'alulu ma ke ki'eki'e o ka iwi po'o i hiki ke ho'opō'ino i ka lolo, ma ke ki'eki'e o ka lobe occipital. (5)

Ka nui o ka maʻi. ʻO kēia pathology kahi maʻi autoimmune o ke kikowaena pūnaewele. Hoʻopuka ka ʻōnaehana pale i ka myelin, ka uhi e hoʻopuni ana i nā olonā nerve, e hoʻoulu ai i nā hopena hoʻāla. (6)

ʻO ka puʻupuʻu o ka occipital lobe. Hiki ke ulu aʻe nā maʻi maʻi ʻino a i ʻole ka lolo i loko o ka lobe occipital. (7)

ʻO nā maʻi o ka cerebral degenerative. Hiki i kekahi mau pathologies ke alakaʻi i nā loli i ka ʻiʻo nerve i loko o ka lolo.

• ʻO ka maʻi o Alzheimer. Loaʻa ia i ka hoʻololi ʻana o nā kumu naʻau me ka nalowale o ka hoʻomanaʻo a i ʻole ka noʻonoʻo. (8)
• ʻO ka maʻi Parkinson. Hōʻike ʻia ʻo ia e ka haʻalulu i ka wā hoʻomaha, ka lohi ʻana a me ka hoʻemi ʻana i ka laulā o ka neʻe. (9)

Nā lāʻau lapaʻau. Kaukaʻi ʻia i ka maʻi maʻi i hōʻike ʻia, hiki ke kuhikuhi ʻia kekahi mau ʻano lapaʻau e like me nā lāʻau anti-inflammatory.

ʻO Thrombolyse. Hoʻohana ʻia i ka wā o nā hahau, ʻo kēia ka mālama ʻana i ka haki ʻana i ka thrombi, a i ʻole ke koko clots, me ke kōkua o nā lāʻau. (4)

Lapaʻau ʻoki kino. Kaukaʻi ʻia i ke ʻano o ka maʻi maʻi i ʻike ʻia, hiki ke hana ʻia ke ʻoki.

Chemotherapy, radiotherapy, lāʻau lapaʻau i manaʻo ʻia. Ma muli o ke ʻano o ka ʻōpū, hiki ke hoʻokō ʻia kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau.

Ke kaulike. ʻO ka mea mua, hana ʻia kahi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua i mea e nānā a loiloi ai i nā ʻōuli i ʻike ʻia e ka mea maʻi.

ʻImi hoʻokolohua kiʻi. No ka hoʻokumu ʻana a i ʻole ka hōʻoia ʻana i kahi hōʻailona, ​​​​hiki ke hana ʻia kahi cerebral a spinal CT scan a i ʻole cerebral MRI.

nā lāʻau kanu. Aia kēia hōʻike i kahi laʻana o nā hunaola.

Pahu lumbar. Hāʻawi kēia hōʻike i ka wai cerebrospinal e kālailai.

ʻO Louis Pierre Gratiolet, ka mea anatomist Farani o ke kenekulia 19, ʻo ia kekahi o nā mea mua i hoʻokomo i ke kumu o ka mahele o ka cortex i loko o nā lobes.