Ke noʻonoʻo hou nei i nā kūlanakauhale no ke ola olakino
Mei 9, 2008 - ʻAʻole he mea nui ke koho ʻana i kou wahi e noho ai. He hopena kēia koho no ko mākou olakino, e like me ka poʻe loea i kūkākūkā i ka ecohealth ma ka ʻaha kūkā hou o ka Association francophone pour le savoir (ACFAS), i mālama ʻia ma Quebec City mai Mei 5 a 9, 2008.
ʻO ka Ecohealth kahi manaʻo hou e hoʻohui i ʻelua pole: ecology a me ke olakino. No kekahi mau loea, ʻo ia ka hoʻolālā ʻana i ke kūlanakauhale a me nā kula e like me ke olakino o kona poʻe noho a me ke kaiapuni. Ua nānā pū lākou i ʻelua mau ʻano pili pili o ka ecohealth: ke ala o ka halihali a me kahi e noho ai.
"Ke piʻi wikiwiki nei ka huakaʻi ma mua o ka heluna kanaka," i ʻōlelo ai ʻo Louis Drouin, ke kauka loea i ka olakino lehulehu a me ke kuleana no ke kaiapuni kūlanakauhale a me ka ʻoihana olakino ma Agence de la santé et des services sociaux de Montréal. "Aia ma kahi o 40 mau kaʻa hou i kēlā me kēia makahiki ma ka metropolitan i nā makahiki ʻelima i hala aku nei," i hoʻohui ai ʻo ia, me ka hoʻomanaʻo ʻana i ka hanu hoʻokahi i hoʻemi ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kaʻa lehulehu e 000% mai 7 a 1987.
Nā hopena pololei i ke olakino
Olaola kaiaola ʻO kēia manaʻo hou e noʻonoʻo i ka pilina ma waena o nā mea ola a me ke ʻano biophysical ma kekahi ʻaoʻao, a me nā ʻōnaehana kaiapili i hoʻonohonoho ʻia e like me nā manaʻoʻiʻo, nā ʻano o ka hoʻomohala waiwai a me nā hoʻoholo politika i kekahi, wehewehe ʻo Marie Pierre Chevier, anthropologist. ma ke Kulanui o Montréal. E like me ke kaiaola o kahi pua a holoholona paha, pili ke kanaka me ko lakou kaiapuni. I kona hihia, ke kūlanakauhale, kahi kaiaola "kūkulu", pani i ka kaiaola kūlohelohe. |
"ʻO ka piʻi ʻana o ke kaʻa alanui e hoʻonui i nā ulia alanui a me nā maʻi cardiorespiratory ma muli o ka haumia o ka ea. ʻO ka lawe kaʻa kaʻa e hoʻemi i ka neʻe ikaika, me nā hopena i ka momona. Hoʻonui lākou i nā kinoea ʻōmaʻomaʻo a me ka walaʻau, "wahi a Louis Drouin. Eia kekahi, ʻo ke ʻano o nā mokupuni wela - nā kūlanakauhale i ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka mahana ma mua o nā wahi ʻē aʻe i ke kauwela - ʻoiai ua emi iho ka wahi o nā wahi ulu lāʻau e 18%, mai 1998 a 2005, ma ka ʻāina ʻo Montreal. A ke lilo nei nā wahi ulu lāʻau i mau wahi kaʻa, nā alanui a me nā hale kūʻai, kanikau ʻo ia.
Ke hoʻohewa nei i ka maʻamau i nīnau pinepine ʻole ʻia o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ke kaʻa kaʻa-centric no nā makahiki he 50 i hala iho nei, ke kāhea nei ʻo Louis Drouin i kahi moratorium ma ke Kānāwai Hoʻolālā Hoʻohana ʻĀina a Hoʻomohala. I mea e hōʻemi ai i ka nui o nā kaʻa ma ke alanui, kāhea ia i ka hoʻokumu ʻana i nā kaʻa lehulehu "punctual, palekana, hiki ke komo, wikiwiki, me nā ala i mālama ʻia e like me Paris a me Strasbourg. “
"ʻO ka manawa kēia e hoʻonui hou i nā kaiāulu e ʻimi i nā wahi kaulana ma kahi mamao," wahi a Louis Drouin. Manaʻo ʻo ia e hoʻohana pono i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo e pono e hoʻomaikaʻi hou ʻia nā ʻoihana kahiko, e noʻonoʻo hou i ke kūlanakauhale a me nā kula.
ʻO ka moku ʻo Bois-Francs: nā hopena hōʻino
ʻAʻole maʻalahi ka kūleʻa o kahi kaiāulu paʻa e hoʻoikaika nei i ka huakaʻi hele (ke kaʻa a me ka hele wāwae) a me nā kaʻa lehulehu, e hōʻike ana ka mea kākau moʻolelo ʻo Carole Després, ke kaukaʻi ma Laval University a me ka mea nāna i hoʻokumu i ka Interdisciplinary Research Group ma nā wahi e pili ana. ʻO ka moku ʻo Bois-Francs, ma ka moku ʻo Montréal o Saint-Laurent, i hoʻolālā ʻia e like me kēia mau lula hoʻolālā kūlanakauhale hou, he hōʻailona maikaʻi ia o kēia. Hiki i kona mau kānaka 6 ke komo maʻalahi i ke ala paikikala, metro, kaʻaahi commuter a me nā kaʻa. Aia kahi paka nui i ka 000% o ka ʻāpana o ka apana, ʻo ka nui o ia he 20 mau hale no ka ʻeka.
ʻOiai inā ʻike ʻia kēia ʻāpana e ka hui ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa no ka New Urbanism, nā hopena o kahi noiʻi hou1 i hana ʻia e kahi mea noiʻi mai ka National Institute for Scientific Research (INRS) ʻaʻole he rosy, ʻae ʻo Carole Després. "Makemake mākou e ʻōlelo aku ua hele nui nā kamaʻāina o ka moku ʻo Bois-Francs a lawe lākou i ke kaʻa ma mua o ke koena o ke kaʻa, akā ʻo ia ka mea e kū'ē. ʻOi aku ka ʻino, ua lanakila lākou i ka hoʻohana kaʻa maʻamau o nā kamaʻāina metro no ka huakaʻi no ka ʻoliʻoli a me ka hoʻonaʻauao.
Pehea e wehewehe ai i kēia mau hopena? Manawa manawa, lawe ia i ka pilikia. “Malia paha he keiki kā mākou i hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻia i kahi papahana haʻuki haʻuki ma kahakai a he makua maʻi kā mākou e mālama ai, a i ʻole ua hoʻololi mākou i nā hana ʻaʻole mamao loa ... He nui nā kumu no ke aha. ʻAʻole noho nā kānaka i kēia manawa ma ka pae kaiāulu, akā ma ke ʻano metropolitan scale. "ʻO nā manaʻo o ka hoʻolālā kūlanakauhale hou, e like me ia," e pili ana i kahi ʻano nostalgia no ke kaiāulu o ka makahiki i hala kahi āu i hele ai e hele i ke kula. ʻOi aku ka paʻakikī o ka hana a nā kānaka i kēia lā. “
ʻAʻole maikaʻi ma nā kaona
Pono ka hoʻololi ʻana o nā wahi e pili ana i ke olakino maikaʻi, e like me ka mea hoʻolālā kūlanakauhale ʻo Gérard Beaudet, ka luna o ka Urbanism Institute o ke Kulanui o Montréal. "ʻOi aku ma mua o ka hapalua o nā ʻAmelika i kēia lā e noho nei i nā wahi e pili ana," i hōʻike ai ʻo ia. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ia kekahi o nā hui i waena o nā ʻāina i kūkulu ʻia e hōʻike nei i nā pilikia olakino koʻikoʻi. No laila, hiki iā mākou ke ʻike ʻaʻole ʻo ia ka hopena kupanaha i manaʻoʻiʻo ai nā mea a pau no ka manawa lōʻihi ". Ke ʻimi nei mākou i nā hoʻonā ʻaʻole wale no ka maikaʻi o ke ola a me nā pilikia o ka neʻe ʻana o nā kānaka, akā no ke olakino hoʻi, hoʻomau ʻo Gérard Beaudet. "Ke hōʻike nei kekahi mau hōʻailona, ʻoiai ʻo ka noho ʻana i kahi kaiāulu ʻilihune ʻaʻole ia he pōmaikaʻi, ʻo ka noho ʻana i nā kaiāulu waiwai ʻaʻole ia ka hopena hope loa," wahi āna.
Mélanie Robitaille - PasseportSanté.net
1. Barbonne Rémy, New urbanism, gentrification a me ka neʻe ʻana i kēlā me kēia lā: nā haʻawina i aʻo ʻia mai ka moku ʻo Bois-Francs a me ka Plateau Mont-Royal, ma ʻIke ʻia ka metropolization mai loko mai, hoʻoponopono ʻia e Senecal G. & Behrer L. Publication e paʻi ʻia e ka Presses de l'Université du Québec.