ʻO ka appendix, i kapa ʻia ʻo ka appendix ileocecal a i ʻole vermiform appendage, kahi ulu liʻiliʻi i loko o ka ʻōpū nui. ʻO kēia ʻano mea i ʻike maikaʻi ʻia ʻo ia ke kahua o ka appendicitis, kahi ʻāʻī e koi ana i ka wehe ʻana o ka appendix ma ke ʻoki ʻana (appendectomy).

Wahi anatomical

ʻO ka appendix he a ulu liilii o makapō, ʻāpana mua o ka ʻōpū nui. Hoʻopili ka caecum i ka ʻōpū liʻiliʻi, kahi i hoʻopili ʻia e ka ʻiliocecal valve. Kokoke ka appendix i kēia valve, no laila kona inoa ileo-cecal appendix.

Nā kūlana hoʻohui

Ma ka laulā, ʻōlelo ʻia aia ka appendix ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau o ka piko. Eia nō naʻe, hiki ke ʻokoʻa kona wahi, kahi e paʻakikī ai ka ʻike ʻana i ka appendicitis. I loko o ka ʻōpū, hiki ke lawe i kēia ulu mau kūlana :

• he maʻi sub-cecal, paepae a ma lalo o ka cecum;
• he kulana waena-caecal, hili iki iho ilalo;
• he kūlana retro-cecal, i ke kiʻekiʻe a ma ke kua o ka caecum.

nana

Hōʻike ʻia ka appendix ma ke ʻano he ʻeke hāmama. He ʻokoʻa kona nui me ka lōʻihi ma waena o 2 a me 12 kenimika a me ke anawaena ma waena o 4 a me 8 millimeters. Hoʻohālikelike pinepine ʻia ke ʻano o kēia ulu ʻana me kahi ilo, no laila kona inoa ʻo vermiform appendage.

I kēia lā, ʻaʻole maopopo ka hana o ka appendix. Wahi a kekahi poʻe noiʻi, hiki ʻole kēia ulu ʻana i ke kino. Eia naʻe, ua waiho ʻia nā kuhiakau ʻē aʻe e nā mea noiʻi. Wahi a kā lākou hana, hiki i kēia ulu ke pāʻani i ka pale o ke kino.

Ke kuleana i ka palekana

Wahi a kekahi mau noiʻi, hiki i ka appendix ke komo i loko o ka ʻōnaehana pale hooikaika i na pale o ke kino. Hōʻike kekahi mau hopena ʻepekema e hiki ke hana ʻia nā immunoglobulins (antibodies) ma ka appendix. I ka makahiki 2007, ua ho'ākāka hou nā mea noiʻi ma Duke University Medical Center. E like me kā lākou hopena, e hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka appendix i kahi pua bacteria maikaʻi e mālama ʻia i kahi mālama no ka pane ʻana i ka maʻi ʻai nui. Eia nō naʻe, ke hoʻopaʻapaʻa ʻia nei ka hana immune o ka appendix i kēia lā i loko o ke kaiāulu ʻepekema.

ʻĀpepa

Ua pili i a ʻaʻa ʻana o ka appendix. ʻO ka appendicitis ka mea maʻamau ma muli o ka paʻa ʻana o ka appendix me nā feces a i ʻole nā ​​​​mea ʻē aʻe. Hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia kēia keakea e ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū a i ʻole ka ulu ʻana o kahi ʻōpū ma ke kumu o ka appendix. Ma muli o ka ulu ʻana o ka microbial, ʻo kēia keakea e hoʻoulu i kahi hopena inflammatory, hiki ke hōʻike iā ia iho e nā hōʻailona like ʻole:

• ʻeha o ka ʻōpū kokoke i ka piko, ʻoi aku ka maʻamau i nā hola;
• nā pilikia o ka digestive, hiki ke hana ʻia i kekahi manawa ma ke ʻano o ka nausea, ka luaʻi a me ka constipation;
• he kuni ha'aha'a, hiki mai i kekahi mau mea.

Pono ka Appendicitis i ka lāʻau lapaʻau wikiwiki no ka mea hiki ke alakaʻi i nā pilikia koʻikoʻi e like me ka peritonitis (ka wela o ka peritoneum) a i ʻole sepsis (ka maʻi maʻamau). ʻO ka mea maʻamau i nā poʻe ma lalo o 30 mau makahiki, ʻo kēia ʻāʻī ka meapilikia olakino ka mea pinepine.

ʻO nā appendectomies

ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka appendicitis e pono ai ke ʻoki pilikia: appendectomy. Aia kēia me e wehe i ka hookui e pale aku i ka ulu ʻana o ka maʻi i loko o ke kino. ʻO ka maʻamau, hōʻike kēia hana ma ka awelika 30% o nā kaʻina hana i hana ʻia ma ka ʻōpū ma Farani. Hiki ke hana ia ma nā ʻano ʻelua:

• ma ka hana maʻamau, ma ka hana ʻana i kahi ʻoki o kekahi mau kenimika kokoke i ka piko, e hiki ai ke komo i ka appendix;
• ma ka laparoscopy a i ʻole laparoscopy, ma ka hana ʻana i ʻekolu ʻoki ʻia o kekahi mau millimeters i loko o ka ʻōpū, e hiki ai i ka hoʻokomo ʻana i kahi kamera e alakaʻi i nā hana a ke kauka.

Paʻakikī ka ʻike ʻana i ka appendicitis. I ka hihia o kanalua, ua paipai 'ia e imi koke 'ōlelo aʻo lapaʻau. Manaʻo pinepine ʻia kahi appendectomy e kāpae i ka pilikia o nā pilikia.

Ke kaulike

Hoʻomaka ka ʻike o ka appendicitis me ka nānā ʻana i nā hōʻailona i ʻike ʻia.

Nānā Lapaʻau

Hiki ke hana ʻia kahi hoʻāʻo koko no ka ʻimi ʻana i nā hōʻailona o kahi maʻi.

ʻO nā hoʻokolohua kiʻi olakino

No ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka ʻike, hiki ke ʻike ʻia ka appendix e nā ʻenehana kiʻi olakino e like me ka CT scan abdominal a i ʻole MRI abdominopelvic.

ʻOi aku ka paʻakikī o ka noiʻi ʻana i ka appendix no ka mea ʻaʻole loaʻa kēia ulu i nā mammals ʻē aʻe. ʻOiai ke waiho ʻia nei kekahi mau kuhiakau, ʻaʻole ʻike ʻia ke kuleana kūpono o ka appendix.