ʻO ka Venereology ka mea kūikawā e mālama ai i nā maʻi i lawe ʻia ma o ka pilina wahine, i kapa ʻia hoʻi nā maʻi venereal..

Ua pili i ka dermatology, no ka mea, ʻo ka hapa nui o nā maʻi i lawe ʻia e ka wahine (STI, a i ʻole nā ​​STBBI no nā maʻi i lawe ʻia e ka moekolohe a me nā maʻi i lawe ʻia i ke koko ma Quebec) e hōʻike ʻia e nā ʻeha o ka ʻili a me nā ʻili mucous.

E hoʻomaopopo he hiki ke mālama ʻia kēia mau maʻi ma ka lāʻau lapaʻau maʻamau a i ʻole ka lāʻau kūloko.

I hou i ka AIDS (HIV) or chlamydia, laha loa, aia ma mua o 30 mau ma'i ma'i ma'i ma ka honua nei. Aia kēia mau mea:

• nā maʻi maʻi (e like me HIV, HPV, hepatitis B a me C, herpes, etc.);
• bacteria (chlamydia, gonorrhea, syphilis, mycoplasmas, etc.);
• hū (Candida albicans);
• o protozoa (Trichomonas vaginalis…);
• d'ectoparasites (gale, phtiriase…).

Wahi a ka World Health Organization (WHO), i kēlā me kēia lā ua ʻoi aku ma mua o hoʻokahi miliona mau kānaka i loaʻa i nā maʻi i lawe ʻia e ka moekolohe (3).

Ua manaʻo ʻia he 357 miliona mau kānaka i kēlā me kēia makahiki ke loaʻa i kekahi o nā STI ʻehā: chlamydia (131 miliona), gonorrhea (78 miliona), syphilis (5,6 miliona) a me trichomoniasis (143 miliona) 3.

Ma nā ʻāina hoʻomohala, ʻo nā STI a me ko lākou mau pilikia kekahi o nā kumu maʻamau ʻelima no ke kūkākūkā ʻana i nā pākeke (4).

Hoʻolaʻa ʻia ʻo Venereology i nā maʻi i lawe ʻia i ka wahine, nā hōʻailona e hoʻomaka pinepine ai i nā genital, maʻamau e:

• he lesion, ulceration, a i ʻole "pimple";
• e kahe ana;
• urethral a i ʻole ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o ka wahine;
• ʻalalā;
• ʻehaʻeha;
• ke ahi i ka wā mimi.

Ma waena o nā maʻi maʻamau (4), e hoailona oukou:

• chlamydia i hoʻokumu ʻia e Chlamydia bacteria, ʻo ia ka maʻi maʻamau ma waena o 15 a 25 mau makahiki i nā wahine, a ma waena o 15 a 34 mau makahiki i nā kāne;
• HIV-AIDS;
• gonorrhea a i ʻole gonorrhea, i hana ʻia e ka bacteria;
• ʻo ka maʻi hepa B, ka mea e hoʻoulu ai i ka maʻi ate mau;
• herpes genital;
• nā maʻi maʻi maʻi i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā maʻi papillomavirus kanaka (HPV a i ʻole HPV), hiki ke hoʻoulu i ka maʻi maʻi maʻi cervical a kūʻē i nā lāʻau lapaʻau i kēia lā;
• syphilis, ma muli o ka maʻi bacteria i kapa ʻia ʻo pale treponema;
• mycoplasma a me nā maʻi trichomoniasis.

ʻOiai hiki i ka maʻi venereal ke hoʻopilikia i ka poʻe e moe kolohe ana, aia kekahi mau mea pilikia i ʻike ʻia., kiko'ī:

• ka makamua o ka moe mua;
• ka nui o na hoa pili;
• ua loaʻa iā ia kahi STI ma mua.

No ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi hōʻailona a ʻike i ke kumu o nā maʻi, ʻo ka dermatologist a i ʻole venereologist:

• e hana i kahi hoʻokolohua lapaʻau o ke kino;
• e hoʻokō, inā pono, kahi laʻana kūloko;
• hiki ke hele i nā hoʻokolohua hou (nā hoʻokolohua koko, nā moʻomeheu).

Hoʻokumu nui ʻia nā lāʻau lapaʻau Venereology i nā lāʻau lapaʻau.

Hiki ke mālama ʻia nā maʻi maʻi he nui :

• me nā lāʻau'alopelo kūpono (chlamydia, gonorrhea, syphilis a me trichomoniasis);
• e nā antivirals, e pili ana i ka maʻi herpes a me ka maʻi HIV-AIDS, ʻaʻole ia e ho'ōla i ka maʻi akā hiki ke kaupalena i nā hōʻailona;
• i nā immunomodulators i ka hihia o ka hepatitis B.

ʻO ka pale ʻana i ke ala maikaʻi loa e hakakā ai i nā STI, akā naʻe, ma ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka condom (condoms) i ka wā o nā pilina pili. Hiki i nā kānana maʻamau ke kaupalena i ka laha ʻana o nā STI a ʻike i nā maʻi i hiki ke hiki.

ʻAʻole pili ka kūkākūkā me kahi venereologist i nā pilikia kūikawā no ka mea maʻi. Eia nō naʻe, hiki ke hoʻonāukiuki i kekahi, no ka mea pili ia i kahi wahi pili.

Hoʻomaʻamaʻa Venereologist ma Farani

No ka lilo ʻana i dermato-venereologist, pono e loaʻa i ka haumāna kahi diploma o nā haʻawina kūikawā (DES) i ka dermatology a me ka venereology:

• pono ʻo ia e ukali ma hope, ma hope o kāna baccalaureate, kahi makahiki mua maʻamau i ke aʻo olakino. E hoʻomaopopo i ka awelika ma lalo o 20% o nā haumāna e hoʻokele i kēia pae kiʻekiʻe;
• i ka pau ʻana o ka makahiki 6, lawe nā haumāna i nā hōʻike hoʻohālikelike ʻāina no ke komo ʻana i ke kula hānai. Ma muli o kā lākou hoʻokaʻawale ʻana, hiki iā lākou ke koho i kā lākou kūikawā a me ko lākou wahi e hoʻomaʻamaʻa ai. ʻO ka internship i ka dermatology a me ka venereology he 4 mau makahiki.

ʻO ka hope loa, i hiki ke hoʻomaʻamaʻa ma ke ʻano he kauka lapaʻau a paʻa i ke poʻo o ke kauka, pono nō hoʻi i ka haumāna e pale aku i kahi palapala noiʻi.

Hoʻomaʻamaʻa Venereologist ma Quebec

Ma hope o ke aʻo ʻana i ke kulanui, pono ka haumāna e ʻimi i ke kauka lapaʻau. ʻO kēia pae mua he 1 a i ʻole 4 mau makahiki (me ka makahiki hoʻomākaukau ʻole a i ʻole ka makahiki hoʻomākaukau no ka lāʻau lapaʻau no nā haumāna i hoʻopaʻa ʻia me ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa koleke a i ʻole ke kulanui i manaʻo ʻia ʻaʻole lawa i ka ʻepekema kumu olaola). A laila, pono ka haumāna e hoʻonaʻauao ma ka hahai ʻana i kahi noho ma dermatology no 5 mau makahiki.

Ma mua o ka hele ʻana i kahi koho me kahi venereologist, he mea nui e lawe i nā hoʻokolohua biology (nā hoʻāʻo koko, nā moʻomeheu) i hana ʻia.

No ka huli ʻana i kahi venereologist:

• ma Quebec, hiki iā ʻoe ke nīnau i ka pūnaewele o ka Federation of medical specialists a i ʻole ka Association of dermatologists of Quebec (â ?? µ), e hāʻawi ana i kahi papa kuhikuhi o kona mau lālā;
• ma Palani, ma o ka punaewele o ka Ordre des médecins (6) a i ole ka French Society of Dermatology and Sexually Transmitted Pathologies (7). Nui ka ʻike, ka nānā ʻana a me nā kikowaena hōʻoia no nā STI (CIDDIST) e hāʻawi i ka nānā manuahi (8) ma Farani.

Ua uhi ʻia ke kūkākūkā me ka venereologist e ka Health Insurance (France) a i ʻole ka Régie de l'assurance maladie du Québec.