Astronotus: wehewehe, mālama a mālama i ka aquarium, hana hou

He mea kaulana loa ka iʻa aquarium i waena o nā mea pā e mālama i nā iʻa i loko o nā aquarium ma ka home. Hōʻike nā Astronotuses i kahi ʻano cichlid, i kapa ʻia hoʻi ʻokoʻa: iʻa peacock, oscar, ocellatus a i ʻole velvet cichlid.

Astronotuses: wehewehe

Hōʻike ʻo Astronotus i kahi ʻano o nā iʻa aquarium nui, ʻo ka nui o ke ʻano ma kahi o 40 cm. Inā mālama ʻoe i kēia iʻa i nā kūlana kūlohelohe, a laila ulu ka Astronotus i 22 knm ka lōʻihi. loaʻa kahi ʻano puʻupuʻu. ʻOkoʻa nō hoʻi ʻo Astronotus i kahi kala like ʻole. He mea kaulana loa nā ʻano astronotus me ke kala kino ʻulaʻula. Hoʻomanaʻo ʻia nā iʻa ʻōpio i ko lākou mau mākua, akā ʻokoʻa i ka ʻeleʻele maʻemaʻe, kokoke i ke kala lanahu me nā stains nui a me ke ʻano o kahi ʻano liʻiliʻi ma ke ʻano o nā hōkū i hoʻopuehu ʻia ma luna o ke kino.

He mea nui ia e ʻike! He nui nā aquarists i ʻike i ke ola ʻana o kahi ʻano hānau albino o ka ʻano ʻulaʻula o Astronotus, nona nā keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo a kapa ʻia ʻo "Red Oscar".

ʻOkoʻa nā waihoʻoluʻu kumu o Astronotus ma waena o kahi hue hina hina, a me kahi hue ʻeleʻele jet. Aia nā kiko nui ma ke kino, hoʻopuehu wale ʻia i loko o ke kino, akā ʻaʻohe hiʻohiʻona geometric akaka, a me nā ʻano geometric māmā. I kēia hihia, ʻike ʻia nā kiko e kahi ʻula melemele a me ke alo o kahi palena ʻeleʻele. Ma ke kumu o ka fin caudal, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i kahi wahi ʻeleʻele, nui loa a hoʻopaʻa ʻia e kahi laina ʻalani. I ka nana aku, ua like keia wahi me ka maka nui. Aia ka "maka" like ma ka ʻāpana o ka ʻaoʻao hope, ʻoiai ʻo ia ka lōʻihi.

nā nohona kūlohelohe

ʻO nā ʻāina e like me Brazil, Venezuela, Guiana a me Paraguay, i ʻike ʻia e ko lākou ʻano mahana, ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia ka wahi hānau o kēia iʻa aquarium. Ma kahi o 100 mau makahiki i hala aku nei, ua lawe mua ʻia kēia mau iʻa i ʻEulopa, a laila ʻike ʻia lākou ma ka ʻāina o ko mākou ʻāina. Kokoke koke, lilo ka iʻa i mea kaulana i waena o ke kaiāulu aquarist.

I ka manawa like, ua hoʻomaʻamaʻa maikaʻi ʻia ʻo Astronotus ma ʻAmelika Hema, kahi mea kaulana i ka lawaiʻa haʻuki. He nui nā mahiʻai nui e hoʻomaʻamaʻa ana i nā ʻano iʻa hoʻonani like ʻole e hānai ana i ka Astronotus. ʻO ke kumu, hāʻawi ʻia ka makemake i nā ʻano like ʻole e like me ka "Oscar ʻulaʻula".

Ka mālama ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana i ka aquarium

ʻO nā aquarists o kēia manawa, aia paha nā cichlids kaulana a kaulana loa, i hōʻike ʻia e Astronotus. ʻO ka mea nui kēia ma muli o ka loaʻa ʻana o kēia mau iʻa hoʻonaninani i nā hana naʻauao. He nui nā mea nona ka ʻike i nā ʻoiaʻiʻo e like me ka hiki ke ʻike i ka iʻa i ko lākou mea nona a ma ka manawa like e ʻae iā ʻoe e paʻi iā lākou. I ka manawa like, ʻaʻole paʻakikī ke aʻo iā lākou i nā hana maʻalahi.

Ke koho ʻana i kahi aquarium

No nā kūlana maʻamau o ka mālama ʻana, pono e hāʻawi i ka iʻa me ka wai mahana, me ka mahana o 23 a 27 degere, pono nō hoʻi e maʻemaʻe. No laila, me ka aquarium, pono ʻoe e kūʻai koke i kahi thermometer a me kahi mea wela. I ka manawa like, pono ʻoe e ʻike aia kekahi mau nuances i ka ʻike o ka astronotus. ʻO ka wai mehana loa, a ʻoi aku hoʻi inā mālama ʻia no ka manawa lōʻihi, hiki ke alakaʻi i ka pōloli oxygen. ʻO ka hopena, ʻo nā ʻiʻo, me nā ʻiʻo o ka naʻau, a me ka ʻōnaehana nerve i manaʻo ʻole ʻia i ka iʻa. Hiki i ka wai anuanu ke hoʻonāwaliwali i ka palekana o ka iʻa, a lilo lākou i mea maʻalahi i nā maʻi like ʻole, e like me ke koʻikoʻi a me ka make.

He mea nui ia e ʻike! Pono e loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi ʻōnaehana kānana wai. I kēia hihia, pono e lawa ka ikaika o ka mīkini i hiki iā ia ke hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka nui o ka wai.

Ke noʻonoʻo nei ʻaʻole liʻiliʻi ka iʻa astronotus, pono ʻoe i kahi aquarium me ka nui o 150 lita ʻaʻole i emi iki. Pono e hoʻomanaʻo ʻia he pono kēlā leo no kēlā me kēia iʻa. ʻO kēia mau ʻelele o ke kauoha e like me ka perch e hana hou i nā ʻōpala i ka wā o ko lākou ola. Ma kēiaʻano, ua kauʻia nā koi kūikawā ma ka'ōnaehana kānana. ʻO ka mea mua, pono ka hana kiʻekiʻe. ʻO ka lua, hoʻokahi manawa i ka pule e hoʻokō ʻoe i kahi hoʻololi 25% o ka wai aquarium me ka wai maʻemaʻe. Mahalo i ka kānana ikaika, hiki ke hoʻopau i nā toxins i hōʻiliʻili ʻia i ka manawa kūpono. No ka mālamaʻana i ka hana o nā kānana, pono e hoʻomaʻemaʻe mau iā lākou mai ka haumia. Pono e nānā i ka paʻakikī o ka wai (ʻaʻole iʻoi aku ma mua o 25 dH) a me kona acidity (i loko o 6,5-75 pH).

Hoʻolikelike, ʻano

Ua hoʻoholo ka poʻe aquarist i kēia manawa i ka mālama ʻana i kēia mau perciformes. ʻO ko lākou mau hoalauna he mau ʻelele like ia o ka ʻohana cichlid, ma ke ʻano o nā cichlids hema a i ʻole ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa.

No ka noho ʻana i loko o ka aquarium hoʻokahi, pono ʻoe e koho i kahi ʻano like like. ʻAʻole pono lākou e ʻeleu a i ʻole nā ​​​​passive. I ka manawa like, he mea nui e ʻike e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka noho ʻana i loko o kahi aquarium o nā ʻano cichlids āpau i ka manawa like. ʻO kēia ala e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke hoʻopau i ka hopena o ka hoʻopio ʻana i nā ʻāina e nā poʻe ikaika a i ʻole nā ​​​​mea i ʻike ʻia i loko o ka aquarium ma mua.

ʻAi a me ka ʻai

ʻO ke kumu o ka waihona meaʻai o Astronotus i loko o kahi aquarium:

• He muhu nui loa.
• ʻĀina honua.
• ʻiʻo pipi wīwī.
• ʻO ka puʻuwai bipi ʻeha.
• Nā kīʻaha o nā ʻano iʻa kai like ʻole.
• Meaʻai maloʻo mākaukau kūikawā no nā cichlids makua.

Paʻa loa nā cichlids makua. No ka nui o ka meaʻai āu e hoʻokomo ai, e ʻai nō lākou a pau. No laila, i ʻole lākou e hoʻomohala i nā pilikia me ka gastrointestinal tract, pono e hānai ʻia lākou ma mua o 1 manawa i ka lā. I kēia hihia, pono e hoʻonohonoho i nā lā hoʻokēʻai.

He mea nui ia e ʻike! Manaʻo ʻia ka puʻuwai pipi (ʻoki ʻia) e hāʻawi iā Astronotus ma mua o hoʻokahi manawa i ka mahina. Hoʻopau kēia ala i ke ʻano o ka momona i loko o nā kānaka a kōkua i ka hoʻohua mau o ka iʻa.

Manaʻo ʻia hoʻi e hoʻonui i ka ʻai o nā cichlids, me nā cichlids, nā iʻa liʻiliʻi ola, nā tadpoles a me nā rana liʻiliʻi, nā heʻe a me nā ʻōpae. Me ka hemahema, pono e komo i ka ai na mea kanu. No ka hana ʻana i kēia, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i ka ʻōpala o ka berena ʻeleʻele, nā oatmeal flakes, ʻokiʻoki i ka spinach, a me ka letus. I kēia hihia, pili ke olakino o ka iʻa aquarium i ka mākaukau o ka ʻai o ka iʻa i hui pū ʻia me nā meaʻai holoholona a me nā mea kanu. Akā i kēlā me kēia hihia, pono e makemake ʻia nā iʻa ola o nā liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi, no ka mea ma ke ʻano maoli kēia kā lākou meaʻai nui.

ʻO ka hoʻohua ʻana a me ka hānau ʻana

He ʻokoʻa nā kāne oʻo wahine mai nā wahine makua kāne ma nā ʻano hiʻohiʻona. ʻo kahi laʻana:

• ʻOi aku ka poepoe o ka ʻōpū o ka wahine makua.
• ʻOi aku ka mamao o nā kāne ma waena o ko lākou mau maka ma mua o nā wahine.
• He ʻano pear ka peʻa anal ma ke kua o ka wahine. I nā kāne, paʻa kēia ʻāpana o ka ʻili, ʻaʻohe ʻōpuʻu.
• 'Oko'a nā kāne makua mai nā wāhine makua ma nā nui li'ili'i inā he like ko lākou mau makahiki.
• ʻOi aku ka lōʻihi o nā ʻūhā pelvic o nā kāne a ʻoi aku ka ʻoi aku o ke kiko ma mua o ko nā wahine.
• ʻAʻole like ka convex ka ʻaoʻao mua o nā wahine e like me ka ʻaoʻao mua o nā kāne.

Hiki ke lawe ʻia nā hiʻohiʻona a pau i alakaʻi inā pono e hoʻokaʻawale i nā kāne a me nā wahine, ʻoiai ua manaʻo ʻia lākou he pili loa. Hiki i ka poʻe Astronotus ke lilo i mea makua kāne i ka makahiki 2. I mea e hānai ai nā iʻa aquarium me ka pilikia ʻole, pono e waiho ʻia i loko o kahi aquarium maʻamau me ka nui o 300 lita. Inā hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka iʻa, a laila pono ʻoe i ka nui a hiki i ka 200 lita o ka nui a me kahi kānana maikaʻi a me ka ʻōnaehana aeration. I ka manawa like, pono he pōhaku pālahalaha nui ma lalo, kahi e waiho ai ka wahine i kāna mau hua.

Ma mua o ka hana ʻana, hana ka wahine i kahi ovipositor, hiki ke ʻike ʻia me ka maka ʻōlohelohe. He 10 mau manawa i ka lālani ka poʻe mākua, a laila hoʻomaha lākou, ʻelua mahina a ʻoi aʻe paha.

ʻIke hoihoi! ʻAʻole ulu a ulu like ka palaʻai i hānau ʻia, no laila pono lākou e hoʻokaʻawale mau ʻia, i ʻole e hoʻomaka ka ʻala nui e hopu i nā mea liʻiliʻi.

No ke kaʻina hana hoʻohua maikaʻi, pono ia e noʻonoʻo i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka meaʻai o Astronotus, ʻoi aku hoʻi e pili ana i nā mea meaʻai o nā holoholona, ​​​​e like me nā larvae insect, bloodworms, earthworms, etc.

Eia kekahi, hiki iā ʻoe ke hāʻawi iā lākou i nā ʻāpana pipi wīwī, a me nā iʻa liʻiliʻi. Ma lalo o ia mau kūlana, makemake ʻia e hoʻokiʻekiʻe i ka mahana o ka wai i ʻelua mau degere, ʻoiai e hāʻawi ana i ka Astronotus me kahi kumu hou a lōʻihi. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi e hoʻololi i kahi hapa o ka wai me ka wai i hoʻolapalapa ʻia. Ma hope o ka hoʻomoe ʻana o ka wahine, hoʻomomona koke ke kāne iā lākou. Hiki ke hoʻouna ʻia ka masonry i ka incubator a waiho ʻia ma lalo o ka pale o ka makua kāne. ʻO Astronotus kekahi o nā iʻa e hoʻomalu a mālama i kā lākou mau keiki e hiki mai ana. Wehe lākou i nā hua manu ʻole mai ka masonry a hānai i ka palai i hānau hou ʻia me nā ʻili huna.

Nā maʻi hānai

ʻO Astronotus nā iʻa aquarium maikaʻi ʻole a kūpaʻa i ka maʻi. ʻOiai nā hiʻohiʻona o ia ʻano, hiki iā lākou ke maʻi me nā maʻi maʻamau a me nā maʻi lele. ʻO kēia ka nui o nā maʻi fungal a i ʻole bacterial.

Hoʻokomo pinepine ʻia nā maʻi bacterial i nā kūlana o ka mālama pono ʻole, a me ka ʻai pono ʻole, e hopena i ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka pale. I ka hihia o ia mau maʻi, ʻike ʻia nā ʻeha, nā lua a me nā poho ma ke kino o ka iʻa. Ma keʻano he kūlana,ʻo ia ka hopena o ka nele o nā huaora a me nā minela, i pili i kaʻai maikaʻiʻole a me ka wai lepo, kahi i hoʻololi pinepineʻia me ka wai maʻemaʻe. No ka mālama ʻana i nā maʻi bacterial, pono e hoʻoponopono hou i ka meaʻai, e hoʻonui i ka meaʻai a me ke kaulike, a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i Metronidazole.

ʻIke koʻikoʻi! Aia ka awelika o ke ola o kēia ʻano ma ke kiʻekiʻe o 12 mau makahiki. Ma lalo o nā kūlana o ka mālama pono, ka meaʻai kūpono, nā hana pale, hiki i kēia mau iʻa aquarium ke ola a hiki i 15 mau makahiki, a ʻoi aku paha.

I nā hihia o ka hōʻike ʻana o nā maʻi o kahi parasitic a infectious ʻano, pono ia e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i nā hana quarantine. ʻAʻole ʻōlelo ʻia e hoʻokomo i nā iʻa muliwai i loko o ka ʻai a Astronotus, hiki ke lilo i kumu o nā parasite like ʻole. Ma mua o ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i ka aquarium, pono e mālama ʻia ka lepo e waiho ʻia i loko o ka aquarium i ka mālama wela. Hoʻopili ʻia nā mea kanu a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, a me nā mea hoʻonaninani me kahi hopena palupalu o ka potassium permanganate.

Manaʻo manaʻo o ka mea nona

Manaʻo ka poʻe aquarist ʻike i ka wā e hoʻonohonoho ai i kahi aquarium, e hōʻoia i kahi iʻa e peʻe ai. I kēia hihia, e ʻoluʻolu loa lākou.

Hiki i kēia mau lālā o ka ʻohana cichlid ke hoʻonohonoho i ka lumi aquarium holoʻokoʻa ma muli o kā lākou makemake. Ma kēia mea, hiki i kekahi ke nānā pinepine i ke kiʻi i ka wā e paʻa ana nā iʻa i ka neʻe ʻana i nā mea hoʻonaninani, e like me ka driftwood a i ʻole nā ​​pōhaku. Ma muli o kēia hiʻohiʻona o ke ola o ka Astronotus, ʻaʻole pono nā mea hoʻonaninani a pau i nā mea ʻoi.

Ma muli o ka mālama ʻana i kēia mau ʻelele o ka perciformes i loko o kahi aquarium, ua manaʻo ʻia ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hānai ʻana i nā ʻōpio me nā koko koko, a pono e hāʻawi ʻia nā mea ʻai nui i nā pākeke. I ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ilo honua i meaʻai, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i ka lepo a holoi i ka wai. Hiki ke manaʻo ʻia nā hopena maikaʻi i ka hānai ʻana i nā iʻa aquarium me ka protein minced, hiki ke hoʻomākaukau ʻia ma ke kumu o ka pipi wīwī, ʻiʻo hee, ate a me nā ʻāpana puʻuwai. Ma hope o ka kuke ʻana i ka ʻiʻo minced, waiho ʻia i loko o ka friji.

ʻO Astronotus nā carnivores maʻamau e pono ai kahi kumu meaʻai waiwai nui i ka protein. Hāʻawi nā hale kūʻai holoholona i kahi koho nui o nā meaʻai kūikawā a mākaukau no nā iʻa aquarium. I ka manawa like, pono e noʻonoʻo kekahi i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ma lalo o nā kūlana kūlohelohe, hānai ʻo Astronotus i nā ʻelele ola o ka fauna, me ka nui o nā iʻa liʻiliʻi. No laila, pono ke kau pono ʻia i nā hiʻohiʻona o kā lākou meaʻai.

No ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i ka ʻai o kēia iʻa, hiki iā ʻoe ke hānai iā lākou i nā ʻupena like ʻole a me nā invertebrates, a me nā ʻano meaʻai like ʻole, nā mea hou a me ka hau. Hiki nō hoʻi ke hoʻohana i ka meaʻai maloʻo maloʻo.

He mea nui ia e ʻike! I ka manawa hoʻokahi, pono ʻoe e hāʻawi i ka iʻa i ka meaʻai i hiki iā lākou ke ʻai iā ia no 2 mau minuke. Inā noho ka meaʻai i loko o ka aquarium, hoʻomaka lākou e decompose, hoʻopaʻa i ka wai. Hoʻomaka nā ʻano bacteria a me nā microorganism ʻē aʻe e ulu i loko o ka wai maʻemaʻe.

i ka hopena

Wahi a nā mea nona ka nui, ʻo Astronotus nā iʻa aquarium kūʻokoʻa. Inā hāʻawi ʻia nā kūlana noho ʻoluʻolu no lākou, me ka hānai a me ka mālama pono, a laila hiki iā lākou ke hōʻoluʻolu i nā hale āpau me kā lākou ʻano hoihoi no nā makahiki he nui. He iʻa naʻauao kēia i pili maoli i ko lākou haku. Eia kekahi, i mea e ola mau ai ka iʻa, ʻaʻole nui ka mea e pono ai: kahi aquarium nui, wai maʻemaʻe a mahana hoʻi, ka hele ʻana o nā wahi i loko o ka aquarium e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke peʻe a me ka meaʻai momona i ka protein.

ʻO ka mea pōʻino, ʻaʻole maopopo ka poʻe he nui i kēia a, i ke kūʻai ʻana i nā iʻa aquarium, manaʻo lākou ua lawa ia e hānai nui iā lākou. ʻO ka hopena, he nui nā pilikia o ia mau mea nona ke hoʻomaka ka iʻa e maʻi a make i kekahi manawa. ʻO ka manawa pinepine, hānai ʻia nā iʻa i mea e leʻaleʻa wale ai i nā keiki a hāʻawi iā lākou i ka mālama ʻana i nā keiki, poina pinepine lākou e hānai iā lākou, a ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke hana i nā hana he nui e pili ana i ka mālama ʻana i nā kūlana ola maʻamau. ʻO kēlā me kēia mea e ʻōlelo ai, akā me ka ʻole o nā mākua ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻoponopono i kēia pilikia. Ma ka manawa like, ʻo ke komo ʻana o nā ʻohana āpau i kēia kaʻina hana he mea nui loa ia o ka hoʻonaʻauao. ʻO kekahi mea, a me nā keiki e manaʻo e like me ka mea ʻē aʻe. Ke kōkua nā mea a pau o ka ʻohana i kekahi i kekahi, a laila hoʻomaka nā ʻohana a pau e hoʻomaopopo kekahi i kekahi. He mea koʻikoʻi kēia ma ka pilina ma waena o nā keiki a me ko lākou mau mākua. He nui nā keiki e hoʻopiʻi i ka nele o ka nānā ʻana mai ko lākou mau mākua, e hōʻike ana ʻaʻole i komo nā mākua i ka hānai ʻana i kā lākou mau keiki.

ʻO ka mea nui e mālama i kāu mau keiki i kekahi mea, akā pono e mālama ʻia kēia kaʻina hana a ʻaʻohe mea ʻē aʻe.