Burbot: wehewehe, wahi noho, meaʻai a me nā ʻano o ka iʻa

He ʻelele kū hoʻokahi ʻo Burbot o ke ʻano cod-like o ka ʻohana cod, nona ka waiwai kūʻai nui. ʻO ka ʻokoʻa o ka iʻa aia ma ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ʻo ka burbot ka mea wale nō mai kāna hui (Gadiformes) i loaʻa kahi wahi noho wale i ka wai hou. I kekahi manawa a no ka manawa pōkole, hiki ke loaʻa ka burbot ma nā wahi desalinated o ke kai, kahi i ʻoi aku ka paʻakai ma mua o 12%.

Wahi a ka helu honua, ʻokoʻa ka burbot ʻaʻole wale no ka mea ʻo ia wale nō ka ʻelele o ka wai maʻemaʻe i kāna kauoha, akā ʻo ia wale nō ka burbot i ka genus. I loko o ka iʻa, e like me ka hoʻohālikelike like, aia 3 subspecies ʻokoʻa:

• Lotta lotta;
• Lota lota leptura;
• Lota lota maculousa.

Ua loaʻa i nā subspecies mua kahi noho i nā wai hou o Asia a me ʻEulopa a kapa ʻia ʻo ka burbot maʻamau. ʻO ka lua o nā subspecies ma lalo o ka inoa ʻo ka burbot thin-tailed, nona nā wahi noho i nā wai anuanu o ke kahawai ʻākau o Kanada - ʻo Mackenzie, nā muliwai o Siberia, nā wai Arctic e holoi ana i nā kahakai o Alaska. ʻO ke kolu o nā subspecies he heluna nui wale nō ma nā wai o ʻAmelika ʻĀkau.

Nā hiʻohiʻona o ka ʻano a me kāna wehewehe

Keʻano

Kiʻi: www.wildfauna.ru

ʻAʻole ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ke kino ma mua o 1 m, ʻoiai ʻo kona nui a hiki i 25 kg. I ka nīnau ʻia ʻana i ka nui o ke kaupaona ʻana o ka mea nui loa i hopu ʻia, pane mai ka nui o nā paʻi pūnaewele he iʻa nona ke kaumaha he 31 kg me ka lōʻihi o ke kino o 1,2 m, kahi kiʻi e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ana ʻaʻole i mālama ʻia.

He nui ka poʻe lawaiʻa e ʻōlelo nei he like loa ka burbot me ka iʻa, akā ma ka nānā mua wale nō kēia, no ka mea he nui nā ʻokoʻa. Hōʻike ʻia ka like me ke ʻano o ke kino poepoe a elongated, ʻokoʻa like me ka iʻa. ʻO nā unahi liʻiliʻi e uhi ana i ke kino holoʻokoʻa o ka iʻa i hui pū ʻia me ka mucus e pale aku iā ia mai ka ʻeke a hiki i nā uhi gill, e hoʻopau ana i ka pōʻino a me ka hypothermia.

ʻO ke poʻo palahalaha me ka ʻāwae luna elongated e like me ke ʻano o ka pelenga. Aia ka ʻumi ʻumi hoʻokahi ma ka ʻauwae o ka iʻa, a aia kekahi mau ʻumi ʻumi ʻē aʻe ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua o ka iwi ā luna.

Ma muli o ka noho ʻana, ʻo ia hoʻi ke kala o ka lalo o ka waihona, ʻokoʻa ke kala o ke kino mai ka ʻoliva a ʻeleʻele, me nā kiko a me nā kaha. ʻO ke kala o nā'ōpiopio heʻeleʻele mau, kokoke i kaʻeleʻele, e hiki ai i ka palaʻa ke pale i ka make muaʻana mai nā niho o ka muliwai. Noho ʻo Burbot ma ka awelika a hiki i 15 mau makahiki, akā ola kekahi mau hiʻohiʻona a hiki i 24 mau makahiki. Hōʻike ʻia ka ʻano e ka ʻokoʻa nui loa i ke kaumaha, ke poʻo a me ka nui o ke kino i nā wahine a me nā kāne, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā wahine, me ka nui o ke kino, akā ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o kona kala ʻeleʻele.

Kūā

ʻO ke anuanu a me ka wai maʻemaʻe, a me ke alo o kahi pōhaku pōhaku, ʻo ia nā kumu nui e hōʻike ana i ka hele ʻana o ka iʻa. I ka ʻimi ʻana i ka trophy burbot, hoʻāʻo lākou e ʻimi i kahi ʻāpana o ka muliwai me kahi lua hohonu, aia i loko o laila e loaʻa ai ka pahu i makemake ʻia, ʻaʻole pinepine ia i nā wahi me nā mea kanu kahakai, nā snags wai.

I ka pau ʻana o ka pūnāwai a me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke kauwela, noʻu - he inoa ʻē aʻe kēia no ia, hoʻomaka kahi ola noho, e koi ana i ka iʻa e noho ma waena o nā mea hoʻonoho pōhaku i ka hohonu loa a i ʻole i loko o kahi lua kahakai, a ma kahi wale nō. ʻO ka pō e ʻimi ana i ka ruff.

Me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o kahi wā wela, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka mea liʻiliʻi, hiki ʻole iā ia ke hoʻomanawanui i ka piʻi ʻana o ka mahana o ka wai, e hoʻāʻo e peʻe i nā wahi anuanu a i ʻole e hoʻopaʻa i ka lepo lalo.

Kiʻi: www. interesnyefakty.org

ʻai

ʻO ke kumu o ka ʻai ʻana o ka burbot e pili ana i nā minnows, perch, roach, ruff liʻiliʻi a me crucian carp, a me kahi meaʻai punahele: ka iʻa iʻa lōʻihi, ka rana, nā larvae insect, tadpoles.

Ma muli o ka manawa o ka makahiki, a, no laila, ke ʻano o ka mahana o ka wai, e loli kaʻu mau meaʻai. I ka wā puna-kauwela, ʻimi kā mākou predator, me ka ʻole o ka makahiki, no ka poʻe noho lalo, i hōʻike nui ʻia e nā crustaceans a me nā ilo. Me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hoʻoilo ʻana a hiki i ka hoʻoilo hoʻoilo, piʻi koʻu makemake, ʻo ia hoʻi ka ulu ʻana o ka nui o ka mea pio i ke ʻano o ka iʻa, a hiki i ka hapakolu o kona lōʻihi.

ʻOhana

ʻO ka wā o ka wā ʻōpio i nā kāne ma mua o nā wahine, i ka nui o nā hihia ke hiki i ka makahiki o 4 mau makahiki a ʻaʻole i emi ke kaumaha o ke kanaka ma mua o 0,5 kg.

I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā kau hāʻule-hoʻoilo, mai ka manawa i hoʻokumu ʻia ai ka hau ma luna o ka ʻili o nā kino wai, hoʻomaka ka iʻa i kahi neʻe lōʻihi i ke kahua spawning. ʻO ka ʻāina hānai i koho ʻia e aʻu, ʻo ia ka mea i ʻike ʻia e nā mea hoʻonoho pōhaku ma lalo. No nā ʻano lacustrine sedentary o burbot, ʻaʻole ʻae ʻia ka waiho ʻana i ka loko no ka hoʻoulu ʻana; makemake ʻo ia e neʻe i kahi pāpaʻu me ka loaʻa ʻana o nā mea hoʻonoho pōhaku no ka hoʻohua ʻana.

He 3 mau mahina mai ka mahina o Kekemapa a hiki i Feberuari, ke kau nei ka manawa o ka hooulu ana ma ke ano wela o ka aina i noho ai ka i'a. ʻO ka mahana wai maikaʻi loa no ka spawning 1-4⁰C, i ka wā o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana, ua lohi ka manawa hoʻoulu, a me nā hau kiʻekiʻe mau, ʻoi aku ka ikaika o ka spawning.

ʻO kahi kulu momona e hoʻopuni ana i kahi hua manu me ke anawaena a hiki i ka 1 mm, lawe ʻia e ke au, e hāʻule ana ma lalo o ka pōhaku, hāʻule i waena o nā ʻāpana pōhaku a hoʻomoʻa ʻia i laila no ka manawa o hoʻokahi a 2,5 mau mahina. ʻO ka manawa o ka manawa incubation, a me ka lōʻihi o ka spawning, e hilinaʻi ʻia i ke ʻano mahana. ʻO ka wahine, i ka wā hoʻokahi wale nō spawning, hiki iā ia ke kahili aku ma mua o 1 miliona mau hua.

I ka pau ʻana o ka manawa incubation, e like me ka manawa me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke kahe, ʻike ʻia ka burbot fry mai ka papa lalo. Hōʻike maikaʻi ʻole ʻia kēia mau kūlana i ke ola o ka palai, no ka mea, komo ka hapa nui o lākou i nā wai kahe, a me ka pau ʻana o ke kahe e make lākou i ka emi ʻana o ka pae waikahe.

hoi o ka makana

ʻO Ke Komohana Komohana

Ua loaʻa i ke apo circumpolar o ka noho ʻana o ka burbot kahi latitu i loaʻa ai nā nuku o nā muliwai ma ka Moana Arctic.

ʻO ka iʻa maʻamau i loko o nā wai e hoʻopuni ana i nā mokupuni Pelekane, nā muliwai a me nā loko i Belgium, Kelemania i hoʻopau ʻia i ka makahiki 70 ma muli o ka noʻonoʻo ʻole o ka lawaiʻa ʻoihana. I kēia mau lā, ua kūkulu ʻia kahi papahana e hoʻihoʻi i ka heluna burbot ma nā wahi i luna.

Kiʻi: www.megarybak.ru

I loko o nā wai hou ma Netherlands, ʻaʻole ʻokoʻa ka burbot, eia nō hoʻi ka pōʻino. He mau ʻohana iʻa he nui ma mua e noho ana ma nā muliwai a me nā loko.

• Bisbohse;
• Volkerake;
• Krammare;
• IJsselmeer;
• Ketelmer,

ua nalowale ka nui o ka heluna kanaka mua a hiki ke hoʻokomo hou ʻia. I loko o nā kino wai o Italia, Farani, Austria, Switzerland, ua hoʻomohala ʻia nā kūlana maikaʻi loa no ka mālama ʻana i nā ʻano, ʻoi aku ka paʻa o ka heluna kanaka ma nā muliwai a me nā loko o Switzerland.

HawaiianʻEulopa

ʻOiai ma mua he nui ka heluna burbot ma nā muliwai a me nā loko o Lithuania, Estonia, Latvia, Suède, Finland a me Norewai, i ka makahiki 90 ua hoʻomaka ʻo ia e hōʻemi i kāna helu. I loko o nā hōʻike a nā mea hana kaiapuni, aia nā helu hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka emi ʻana o ka heluna o ka heluna burbot, kahi haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o ka helu ma nā muliwai a me nā loko o Finland a me Suedena.

Hoʻopili ka poʻe ʻepekema i kēia kūlana me ka eutrophication (deterioration o ka maikaʻi o ka wai), a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i nā ʻano iʻa iʻa ʻole (alien), ma muli o ke pani ʻia ʻana o ka burbot ma ke ʻano he ʻano maoli o kēia mau wai. ʻO nā ʻenemi nui o ka ʻohana:

• Perch;
• Ersh;
• Roach;
• Gudgeon.

ʻOiai ʻaʻole hiki i nā ʻano iʻa i papa inoa ke hoʻopōʻino i ka poʻe nui o ka burbot, ʻai maikaʻi lākou i ka caviar a me nā hua ulu.

HawaiianʻEulopa

No Slovenia, ʻo nā muliwai nui a me nā loko kahi i loaʻa ai ka heluna nui o ka burbot:

• Ka muliwai Drava;
• Lake Cerknica.

Ma Czech Republic, hiki ke loaʻa kēia ʻano iʻa ma nā muliwai:

• Ohře;
• Morava.

Ma muli o ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i nā muliwai o ʻEulopa Hikina, ʻo ka emi ʻana o ka maikaʻi o ka wai i loko o lākou, ua lilo ʻo burbot i malihini kipa ma ka hopu ʻana o nā lawaiʻa. No laila, ma Bulgaria, Hungary a me Polani, ua ʻike ʻia kēia ʻano he mea laʻa a make, a ʻoi aku ka nui o nā luna Slovenia, i mea e mālama ai i nā ʻano, a ua hoʻoholo e pāpā i kāna iʻa.

Kiʻi: www.fishermanblog.ru

Russian Hui

Ma ka ʻāina o ko mākou ʻāina, ua pālahalaha ʻia kēia ʻano i ka ʻoihana o nā kahawai a me nā loko o nā kīʻaha o nā kai e hiki mai ana:

• Eleʻele;
• Kasepiana;
• Keʻokeʻo;
• Baltika.

Ua hoʻokumu nā ʻāpana haʻahaʻa a me nā arctic i nā kūlana āpau no ka hoʻonui ʻoluʻolu o ka heluna kanaka ma nā kahawai ʻo Siberian:

• Ob;
• Anadyr;
• Meadow;
• Hatanga;
• Yalu;
• ʻOz. Zaisan;
• ʻOz. Teletskoye;
• ʻOz. Baikal.