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ʻO ka lawaiʻa ʻana i ka puʻu muliwai: kahi i loaʻa ai, i ka wā e hānai ai, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hopu ʻana a pehea e lure ai.
He iʻa ʻano ʻokoʻa no ka hapa nui o ka poʻe Lūkini, ma ke ʻano a me ka nohona. He kino lōʻihi kona, hoʻomanaʻo iki i ka nahesa. A i ʻole, he iʻa maʻamau, palahalaha ke kua o ke kino. He melemele ka ʻōpū o nā puhi ʻōpiopio, ʻoiai ʻo nā puhi ʻōʻo he keʻokeʻo. He iʻa anadromous (catadrom) ka ʻili muliwai, he hapa nui o kona ola ʻana i ka wai maʻemaʻe, a hele i ke kai. I kēia mea, ʻokoʻa ia mai ka hapa nui o nā iʻa i kamaʻāina iā mākou, he ʻano neʻe nō hoʻi, akā hele i ka spawn i ka wai hou. Hiki i nā ana ke hiki i 2 m ka lōʻihi a ʻoi aku ke kaumaha ma mua o 10 kg. Akā ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o kēia mau iʻa. He mea hoʻohālua i makemake i ka nohona pō. Ua ʻike ʻia nā hihia o ke kolo ʻana o ka puhi i loko o nā kino wai ʻē aʻe ma ka honua i ka wā ua a i ka mauʻu pulu. Aia ma kahi o 19 mau ʻano iʻa no ka genus eel ma kahi o ka iʻa, hiki i kekahi o lākou ke pilikia i ke kanaka (electric eel). Akā, ʻo ka puhi maʻamau i nā muliwai o ʻEulopa a me Rūsia, ʻaʻole pilikia a hiki ke lilo i mea maikaʻi loa no ka lawaiʻa. ʻO nā ʻeli muliwai (European) o ka genus Anguilla anguilla, ʻoiai ko lākou ākea ākea, no ka ʻano like. Aia ia ma ka IUCN Red List. No ka lawaiʻa ʻana ma nā loko wai kūlohelohe kahi e noho ai kēia iʻa, pono e wehewehe i nā lula o ka lawaiʻa leʻaleʻa.
Nā ala e hopu ai i ka puhi ʻEulopa
Ke alakaʻi nei ka iʻa i kahi nohona benthic, twilight, makemake i nā wahi me ka wai mālie. Noho pinepine i loko o nā waihona. Pili i keia ke ano o ka lawaia i ka puhi. No ka lawaiʻa ʻana, hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻano mea like ʻole o lalo, nā mea lana; i kekahi manawa nā mea kahiko - "ma ka nila", a i ʻole nā analogues o "nā pōʻai" - "ma ka ʻōmole". ʻO kahi ala ʻē aʻe, ʻo ia ka hopu ʻana i ka puhi ma luna o kahi rig me ka loop loop o nā ilo i hoʻopaʻa ʻia - e kolo ana i waho a me ka malu ma kahi o ka ʻupena pae. Piʻi ka puhi a kau ʻia ma luna o ka pūʻulu ilo ma nā niho makau, a i ka lewa e ʻohi ʻia e ka malu.
Ka hopu ʻana i ka puhi ma ka ʻaoʻao lalo
ʻO ke koi nui no ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana no ka hopu ʻana i ka puhi ʻo ia ka hilinaʻi. ʻAʻole ʻokoʻa nā loina o nā mea hana mai nā koʻokoʻo lawaiʻa maʻamau a i ʻole nā mea ʻai. Ma muli o nā kūlana a me nā makemake o ka lawaiʻa, hoʻohana ʻia nā koʻokoʻo me kahi "blank rig" a i hoʻolako ʻia me nā pahu. ʻAʻole makaʻala loa ka puhi, no laila he mea nui ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā rigs mānoanoa a ikaika ʻaʻole no ke kū ʻana o ka iʻa, akā no ke ʻano o ka lawaiʻa i ka pō a me ke ahiahi. He maikaʻi nō hoʻi ka ʻele i ka lā, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā lā ao a ua. ʻO nā donks a i ʻole "snacks" ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi me nā makau pālua a ʻekolu paha. ʻO ke kūlana koʻikoʻi no ka lawaiʻa eel holomua ʻo ka ʻike i kahi o ka noho ʻana a me ka ʻai, a me ka ʻike i nā maʻamau o nā iʻa kūloko.
Maunu
Aʻo ʻia ka iʻa i kahi o ka maunu, akā, e like me nā iʻa ʻē aʻe, ʻaʻole ʻōlelo ʻia kēia i ka lā lawaiʻa. ʻO ka hapa nui, hopu ʻia ka puhi me nā maunu holoholona. He mau enuhe honua like ʻole kēia, e noʻonoʻo ana i ke kuko o kēia iʻa, e kolo ana i waho a i ʻole nā pūʻolo liʻiliʻi i nakinaki ʻia i loko o ka pūʻolo. Paʻa pono ka ʻele i ka maunu ola a i ʻole nā ʻāpana ʻiʻo iʻa. He nui nā ʻili Baltic i makemake i nā lamprey liʻiliʻi, akā i ka manawa like, hopu lākou i nā ʻeli ma kahi o nā iʻa kūloko.
Nā wahi lawaiʻa a me nā wahi noho
Ma Rūsia, hiki i ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā eels ʻEulopa i ke kīʻaha o ke Kai Keʻokeʻo ma ke komohana ʻĀkau, a ma ke kai ʻEleʻele e ʻike ʻia lākou ma nā kahawai āpau a hiki i ka muliwai Don a me Taganrog Bay. Piʻi nā ʻele ma ka Dnieper a hiki i Mogilev. Hoʻolaha ʻia nā heluna eel ma ke komohana akau ma luna o nā waihona wai o uka o ka ʻāina, mai Chudskoye a hiki i nā loko Karelian, me nā muliwai a me nā loko o ka wai kahe o Belomorsky. Ua noho ʻo Eels i nā loko wai he nui o Central Russia, mai nā wai Volga a hiki i Lake Seliger. I kēia manawa, hele mai ia i kekahi manawa ma ka muliwai Moscow, a he mea maʻamau ia ma nā loko o Ozerninsky a me Mozhaisk.
ʻOhana
Ma ke ʻano kūlohelohe, hānai ʻia nā eels i ke Kai Sargas o ka Moana ʻAkelanika, ma ka wahi o ka hana o ke kahawai ʻo Gulf Stream. Ma hope o 9-12 mau makahiki o ke ola ʻana ma nā muliwai a me nā loko o ʻEulopa, hoʻomaka ka eel e paheʻe i loko o ke kai a neʻe i nā kahua hoʻopulapula. Hoʻololi ka waihoʻoluʻu o ka iʻa, lilo ia i ʻoi aku ka mālamalama, i loko o kēia manawa e ʻike ʻia nā ʻokoʻa moe. Kūleʻa ka iʻa ma kahi hohonu o 400 m, e hoʻoulu ana i ka nui o nā hua, a hiki i ka hapalua miliona a ʻoi aku paha. Ma hope o ka hānai ʻana, make ka iʻa. Ma hope o kekahi manawa, lilo nā hua i hoʻomoʻa ʻia i loko o kahi larva akaka - he leptocephalus, ka mea e hoʻomaka i ke ola kūʻokoʻa ma nā papa o luna o ka wai, a laila, ma lalo o ka mana o ke kahawai ʻo Gulf Stream, e lawe mālie ʻia i nā wahi o kahi noho hou. Ma hope o ʻekolu mau makahiki, ulu ka larva i ke ʻano o ka hoʻomohala ʻana - ʻo ke aniani eel. Ke hoʻokokoke nei i ka wai hou, hoʻololi hou ka iʻa, loaʻa iā ia kona kala maʻamau a komo i kēia ʻano i nā muliwai.