Nā niho o nā keiki: pehea e mālama ai i nā niho o nā keiki

ʻO ka mekala gula o ka hoʻokūkū "Pediatric Dentistry" o ka Russian Dental Excellence Championship 2017, ke poʻo o ka keʻena niho pēpē o AGF Kinder

ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka kipa mua ʻana me ka pēpē i ka makahiki 9 a hiki i ka 1 makahiki, i ka wā e hoʻomaka ai ka puka ʻana o nā niho mua. E nānā ke kauka i ka frenum o ke alelo a me nā lehelehe, e nānā i nā niho mua. ʻO kēia ka mea e hiki ai ke ʻike a pale a hoʻoponopono paha i nā maʻi maʻi nahu, nā kīnā ʻōlelo, a me nā maʻi nani i ka manawa. Eia kekahi, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kipa ʻana i kahi niho pediatric no ka pale ʻana i hoʻokahi hapaha.

Me ke ʻano o ka niho mua, hiki iā ʻoe ke aʻo i kāu pēpē i ka maʻemaʻe. He mea kūpono ia e hoʻomaka me kahi palu manamana silikona palū a me ka wai i hoʻolapalapa ʻia. E hoʻololi mālie i kahi pēpē niho pēpē me ka wai. Inā ʻaʻohe hōʻailona no ka toothpaste, hiki iā ʻoe ke palaki i kou mau niho me ka wai a hiki i hoʻokahi a me ka hapa makahiki. Ma hope o kēlā, e kuapo i nā niho niho. ʻO ke koho ʻana ma waena o ka palaki a me kahi palaki ʻaʻole pololei loa. No kekahi mau makahiki, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka palaki, no kekahi mau hihia - kahi paʻi. ʻO kahi laʻana, inā he predisposition ke keiki i ka palaho o ka niho, e kauoha ke kauka i ka paʻi fluoride a i ʻole ka lāʻau hoʻomalule ʻana. A paipai ka European Academy of Pediatric Dentistry i ka hoʻohana ʻana o nā pastors fluoride mai ka niho mua loa.

ʻAʻole ʻo nā niho kālā ke ʻano o ka mālama ʻana i nā niho waiū, akā ʻo ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi (hoʻopau ʻana i ka caries), no ka mea he waiwai antiseptic maikaʻi ke kālā. He mea maikaʻi ke kala ʻana o nā niho inā pāpaʻu ke kaʻina hana, i loko o ka enamel. Inā lōʻihi ke kaʻina hana a pili i nā hale niho e like me ka dentin, e haʻahaʻa loa ka maikaʻi o ke ʻano kālā. Ua koho ʻia ke ʻano o ke kala kālā inā, no kekahi kumu, ʻaʻohe hiki ke hoʻomaʻamaʻa piha.

Manaʻo ke kauka e mālama i nā niho i ka sedation (dull consciousness) a i ʻole ma lalo o ka anesthesia maʻamau (anesthesia, moe lāʻau lapaʻau) i nā mākua o nā maʻi ʻōpio, no ka mea, ʻo ka mea pōʻino, i ka makahiki o 3-4 mau makahiki, ʻoi aku ma mua o 50% o nā keiki i ʻeha. mai nā caries. A liʻiliʻi ka manaʻo o ka nānā ʻana i nā pēpē, ʻo ka manawa i noho ma kahi noho ma kahi o 30 mau minuke. Māluhiluhi lākou, ʻino a uē. ʻAʻole lawa kēia manawa no ka hana kiʻekiʻe me ka nui o ka hana. Ma mua o ka lāʻau lapaʻau, ʻaʻole i hoʻohana maoli ʻia nā lāʻau lapaʻau palekana no ka anesthesia. He mau hopena maikaʻi ʻole nō hoʻi: ka luaʻi ʻana, ke ʻano o ka hanu, ke poʻo, nāwaliwali lōʻihi. Akā i kēia manawa ua hana ʻia ka mālama ʻana ma lalo o ka anesthesia āpau me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka lāʻau sevoran (sevoflurane) ma lalo o ka mākaʻikaʻi o kahi hui o nā anesthesiologists a me kahi pediatrician. ʻO ia ka lāʻau lapaʻau inhalation palekana loa. Ua hoʻomohala ʻia i loko o kahi hui ʻAmelika a ua hoʻohana maikaʻi ʻia no nā makahiki he 10 ma USA, Iapana a me ʻEulopa Komohana. Hana wikiwiki ʻo Sevoran (ua hiamoe ka mea maʻi ma hope o ka hanu mua ʻana), ʻaʻole ia e hana i nā hopena maʻi. Ala maʻalahi ka mea maʻi i 15 mau minuke ma hope o ka hoʻopau ʻana i ka lako sevoran, wikiwiki ka lāʻau lapaʻau a ʻaʻohe hopena i hoʻokuʻu ʻia mai ke kino, ʻaʻole ia e hōʻeha i nā kino a me nā ʻōnaehana. Eia kekahi, ʻaʻohe contraindications no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka sevoran i nā poʻe maʻi e loaʻa ana i nā maʻi koʻikoʻi e like me ka epilepsy, cerebral palsy, nā maʻi puʻuwai, nā ate a me nā hōʻeha ʻeha.

Ma mua o 50% o nā keiki ma mua o 3-4 mau makahiki e ʻeha i ka palaho niho. I ka makahiki 6, ʻike ʻia ka palaho o nā niho deciduous i 84% o nā maʻi ʻōpio

Ma hope o ka hū ʻana, ʻaʻole i hoʻokumu piha ʻia nā niho paʻa, ʻaʻole i mineralized ko lākou enamel, a nui loa ka pilikia o ka maʻi. ʻO nā māwae he lua maoli i loko o nā niho. Kōkua ke sila e hoʻopaʻa i nā lua i ʻole e hōʻuluʻulu ʻia ka plaque meaʻai palupalu i loko o lākou, he mea paʻakikī ke wehe i ka wā maʻemaʻe o kēlā me kēia lā. ʻO Caries o nā niho ʻeono mau i ka 80% o nā hihia i ka makahiki mua, no laila, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana iā ia ma hope koke o ka hū ʻana. ʻO ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa Remineralization kahi uhi me ka fluoride a i ʻole ka lāʻau calcium. ʻO nā kaʻina hana a pau e pili ana i ka hoʻoikaika ʻana i nā niho a me ka pale ʻana i ka caries.

Hiki ke lōʻihi ka manawa no ke keiki e hoʻololi i ka manawa a kahi kauka niho. E hele mālie, e haʻi i kāu keiki no ke aha ʻoe e makemake ai e hele i ke kauka, pehea e hele ai. I ka haukapila, ʻaʻole pono e koi ʻia ke keiki e hana i kekahi mea. Ma nā kipa mua, ʻaʻole noho ka mea maʻi ma kahi noho, akā e ʻike ʻo ia i ke kauka, e kamaʻilio pū me ia. Ma hope o kekahi mau huakaʻi, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻonui i ka hana i ka noho. Inā ʻaʻole e lanakila iki ka makaʻu, no ka maluhia o ka noʻonoʻo o ke keiki a me nā mākua, he mea kūpono paha ke koho ʻana i ka lāʻau ma lalo o ka sedation a i ʻole ka anesthesia ākea.

ʻAʻole mālama i nā niho pēpē no ka mea e hāʻule lākou i waho he hewa hewa loa ia. Pono kahi keiki i nā niho pēpē olakino e nau pono i ka meaʻai a aʻo e ʻōlelo pololei. ʻAe, hāʻule koke nā niho waiū o mua, akā ʻo ka pūlehu niho o nā niho ka lōʻihi a 10-12 mau makahiki. A pili kēia mau niho pēpē me nā niho paʻa. I ka makahiki 6, ʻike ʻia ka palaho o nā niho deciduous i 84% o nā maʻi ʻōpio. I kēia mau makahiki wale nō, hoʻomaka ka hū ʻana o nā niho mau mua, "ʻeono". A hōʻoia nā helu helu i nā caries o nā nihoʻeono mau i 80% o nā hihia i ka makahiki mua. ʻO ka palaho niho kahi maʻi e hoʻonui a hōʻino i nā mea ʻoi aku ʻoi loa o nā niho. Hiki i ke aʻalolo o ka niho, kū ka pulpitis, hoʻomaka nā niho e ʻeha. Ke hele a hohonu ka maʻi, hiki ke pili i ka niho o kahi niho paʻa i ke kaʻina hoʻolauna, a ma hope e hiki ke puka me kahi ʻano enamel i hoʻololi ʻia a alakaʻi i ka make o ka rudiment.

I ka wā hana o ka pele o nā niho paʻa (5,5 - 7 mau makahiki), pili ia inā lawa ka hakahaka o ka iwi ā no nā niho hou. Inā lawa ia, a laila ʻo nā niho kekeʻe kekee hoʻi e puka aʻe e kū aʻe ma hope. Inā ʻaʻole lawa ka hakahaka, a laila ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke hana me ka ʻole o ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka hoʻowahāwahā ʻia me nā kūkulu orthodontic. ʻO ka pā kahi mea hoʻohemo i hana ʻia i kēlā me kēia. Hoʻohana ʻia nā pā i ka wā ʻaʻole i loli kahi piha o nā niho waiū, a aia mau nā wahi ulu i ka iwi ā. Ma lalo o ka mana o nā pā, hoʻoulu ʻia ka ulu o ka iwi ā, a aia kahi no nā niho paʻa. A hoʻohana ʻia nā paʻa me ka loli piha o ka waiū i nā niho mau. ʻO kēia kahi hāmeʻa hemo ʻole kahi i hoʻopili ʻia ai nā hāmeʻa hoʻopaʻa kuʻina kūikawā (nā mea paʻa) i ka niho a, me ke kōkua o kahi piʻo, hoʻopili ʻia i hoʻokahi kaulahao e like me nā ʻāpana. Ke hoʻomaka ka loli o nā niho, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi e hele no ke kūkākūkā ʻana me ka orthodontist a loiloi i ke kūlana. ʻO ka wikiwiki o kou hoʻomaka ʻana e hoʻoponopono i ka hoʻowahāwahā, e maʻalahi ka maʻalahi o kēia hana a me ka wikiwiki o ka hopena.