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ʻO ka hānau ʻana o kahi keiki he hauʻoli nui ia no kēlā me kēia ʻohana, moeʻuhane nā mākua ua hānau maikaʻi kā lākou pēpē. ʻO ka hānauʻana o kahi keiki me kekahi maʻi e lilo i mea ho'āʻo koʻikoʻi. ʻO ka maʻi Down, ka mea i loaʻa i loko o hoʻokahi tausani keiki, ma muli o ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi chromosome ʻē aʻe i loko o ke kino, e alakaʻi ana i nā haunaele i ka ulu ʻana o ka noʻonoʻo a me ke kino o ke keiki. He nui nā maʻi somatic o kēia mau keiki.
ʻO ka maʻi o Down he anomaly genetic, kahi maʻi chromosomal congenital i loaʻa ma muli o ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka helu o nā chromosomes. ʻO nā keiki me ka maʻi maʻi i ka wā e hiki mai ana e loaʻa i nā maʻi metabolic a me ka momona, ʻaʻole lākou dexterous, hoʻomohala kino kino, ua pilikia lākou i ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana o ka neʻe. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona o nā keiki me Down syndrome ʻo ka ulu lohi.
Manaʻo ʻia ʻo ka maʻi maʻi e hoʻohālikelike i nā keiki āpau, akā ʻaʻole pēlā, nui nā mea like a me nā ʻokoʻa ma waena o nā pēpē. Loaʻa iā lākou kekahi mau ʻano physiological i maʻa mau i nā poʻe āpau me Down syndrome, akā he mau ʻano hoʻi ko lākou i hoʻoili ʻia mai ko lākou mau mākua a ua like ko lākou mau kaikuahine a me nā kaikunāne. I ka makahiki 1959, ua wehewehe ʻo Lejeune i ke kauka Farani i ke kumu o ka maʻi o Down, ua hōʻoia ʻo ia ma muli o nā loli genetic, ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi chromosome keu.
ʻO ka maʻamau, loaʻa i kēlā me kēia cell nā chromosomes 46, loaʻa ka hapalua o nā keiki mai ka makuahine a me ka hapalua mai ka makua kāne. He 47 chromosomes i ke kanaka me Down syndrome. ʻEkolu ʻano nui o nā ʻano ʻino chromosomal i ʻike ʻia ma Down syndrome, e like me ka trisomy, ʻo ia hoʻi ka ʻekolu o ka chromosome 21 a loaʻa i nā mea āpau. Loaʻa ma muli o ka uhaki ʻana i ke kaʻina hana meiosis. Hōʻike ʻia ke ʻano unuhi ma ka hoʻopili ʻana o ka lima o kekahi chromosome 21 i kekahi chromosome; i ka wā meiosis, neʻe lāua ʻelua i loko o ka cell hopena.
Hoʻokumu ʻia ke ʻano mosaic ma muli o ka uhaki ʻana i ke kaʻina hana mitosis i loko o kekahi o nā keʻena ma ka pae blastula a i ʻole gastrula. 'O ia ho'i ka pa'akolu o ka chromosome 21, aia wale no ma na hua o keia keena. Hana ʻia ka ʻike hope loa i ka wā mua o ka hāpai ʻana ma hope o ka loaʻa ʻana o nā hopena o kahi hoʻāʻo karyotype e hāʻawi ana i ka ʻike e pili ana i ka nui, ke ʻano a me ka helu o nā chromosomes i kahi laʻana cell. Hana ʻia ʻelua ma nā pule he 11-14 a ma nā pule he 17-19 o ka hāpai ʻana. No laila hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻoholo pololei i ke kumu o ka hānau ʻana a i ʻole nā pilikia i ke kino o ke keiki hānau ʻole.
Nā hōʻailona Down Syndrome i nā keiki hānau hou
Hiki ke hana ʻia ka maʻi o Down syndrome ma hope koke o ka hānau ʻana o kahi keiki e like me nā hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona i ʻike ʻia ʻoiai me ka ʻole o nā haʻawina genetic. ʻO ia mau keiki ka mea i ʻike ʻia e ke poʻo poʻo liʻiliʻi, he helehelena palahalaha, he ʻāʻī pōkole a mānoanoa me ka ʻāʻī ma ke kua o ke poʻo, kahi ʻāpana Mongoloid ma nā maka, kahi mānoanoa o ke alelo me kahi ʻāhu lōʻihi hohonu, nā lehelehe mānoanoa, a me nā auricles palahalaha me nā lobes pili. Nui nā wahi keʻokeʻo i ʻike ʻia ma ka iris o nā maka, ʻike ʻia ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka neʻe ʻana o ka hui a me ka leo ʻiʻo nāwaliwali.
Hoʻopōkole ʻia nā wāwae a me nā lima, ʻo nā manamana lima liʻiliʻi ma luna o nā lima ua ʻāwili ʻia a hāʻawi ʻia me ʻelua mau ʻāpana flexion wale nō. Hoʻokahi ʻāwī transverse ka pāma. Aia kekahi deformity o ka umauma, strabismus, lohe maikaʻi ʻole a me ka ʻike a i ʻole ko lākou hele ʻole. Hiki ke hui pū ʻia ka maʻi Down me nā hemahema o ka naʻau congenital, leukemia, nā maʻi o ka gastrointestinal tract, pathology o ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka spinal cord.
I mea e huki ai i ka hopena hope loa, ua hana ʻia kahi noiʻi kikoʻī o ka set chromosome. ʻAe nā ʻenehana kūikawā hou iā ʻoe e hoʻoponopono pono i ke kūlana o kahi pēpē me Down syndrome a hoʻololi iā ia i ke ola maʻamau. ʻAʻole maopopo loa nā kumu o ka Down Syndrome, akā ua ʻike ʻia me ka makahiki, lilo ia i mea paʻakikī i ka wahine e hānau i kahi keiki olakino.
He aha ka hana inā hānau ʻia kahi keiki me Down Syndrome?
Inā ʻaʻohe mea hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia ka hoʻoholo ʻana o ka wahine e hānau i kahi keiki like ʻole a lilo ke ʻano o kahi pēpē maʻamau, a laila ʻōlelo ka poʻe loea i nā makuahine ma hope koke o ka ʻike ʻana i kahi keiki me Down syndrome e lanakila i ke kaumaha a hana i nā mea āpau. i hiki i ke keiki ke lawelawe nona iho. I kekahi mau hihia, pono nā hana ʻokiʻoki e hoʻopau i kahi pathology, pili kēia i ke kūlana o nā ʻōpū o loko.
Pono e hoʻokō ʻia ma 6 a me 12 mau mahina, a i ka wā e hiki mai ana, he loiloi makahiki o ka hiki ke hana o ka thyroid gland. Nui nā papahana kūikawā i hana ʻia e hoʻololi i kēia mau kāne i ke ola. Mai nā pule mua o ke ola, pono ka pilina pili ma waena o nā mākua a me ke keiki, ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā mākau kaʻa, nā kaʻina noʻonoʻo, a me ka ulu ʻana o ka kamaʻilio. Ma ka hiki ʻana i 1,5 mau makahiki, hiki i nā keiki ke hele i nā papa hui e hoʻomākaukau ai no ka kindergarten.
I ka makahiki 3, i ka ʻike ʻana i kahi keiki me Down syndrome i kahi kindergarten, hāʻawi nā mākua iā ia i ka manawa e loaʻa ai nā papa kūikawā hou, e kamaʻilio me nā hoa. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā keiki, ʻoiaʻiʻo, e aʻo i nā kula kūikawā, akā ʻae nā kula hoʻonaʻauao ākea i nā keiki i kekahi manawa.