ʻO nā eyelashes (mai ka cilium Latina) nā lauoho i kau ʻia ma nā kaʻe manuahi o nā eyelids.

ʻO nā maka maka kahi lauoho i ʻāpana o nā integuments, e like me ka lauoho a me nā kui.

wahi. Hoʻomaka ka maka maka i nā kihi manuahi o ka 4 eyelids (1). Me ka awelika o 8 a 12 mm, ka maka maka o nā lihilihi o luna he 150 a 200 no ka eyelid. ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi a me ka pōkole o nā maka maka o lalo. Hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā maka maka 50 a 150 i kēlā me kēia eyelid me ka lōʻihi o 6 a 8 mm ma ka awelika.

'ole. ʻO ke ʻano o ka eyelashes me ke ʻano o ka hulu. Aia lākou i ʻelua ʻāpana (2):

• ʻO ke koʻokoʻo ka ʻāpana elongated i hana ʻia e nā cell keratinized, e hou mau nei. Loaʻa i kēia mau hunaola nā pigment e hāʻawi i ke kala kikoʻī i nā maka maka. Aia nā pūnaewele kahiko loa i ka hopena manuahi o ka lauoho.
• ʻO ke aʻa ka hopena o ka lauoho i hoʻokomo hohonu ʻia i ka dermis. Hoʻokumu ke kumu hoʻonui i ka ʻumeke lauoho i loko o nā ipu momona, ʻo ia hoʻi ka ʻae ʻana i ka hoʻohou hou ʻana o ka pūnaewele a me ka ulu ʻana o ka lauoho.

innervation. ʻO nā follicle o ka lauoho, ʻo nā hakahaka kahi e noho ai nā maka maka, he nui nā hopena nerve (1).

Nā kūpuna kūpuna. Hoʻopili nā ʻōpala like ʻole i nā maka maka, ʻo ia hoʻi nā glandes sweat and the sebaceous glands. Hūnā ka mea hope i kahi mea aila e lubricates i nā eyelids a me ka maka (1).

Mālama pale / ʻā maka Blinking. Aia nā maka maka i nā lauoho lauoho me nā wēlau he nui, e hoʻomaʻamaʻa a pale aku i nā maka inā pilikia. ʻO kēia hanana e hoʻoulu i ka blink blinking o nā maka (1).

Nā kūlohelohe o ka eyelash. Hiki i kekahi mau pathologies ke hana i nā mea kūpono ʻole i ka ulu ʻana, pigmentation, kuhikuhi a i ʻole ke kūlana o nā maka maka (3).

• Ka ulu ulu pono ʻole. Hiki i kekahi mau pathologies ke hoʻopili i ka ulu ʻana o nā maka maka e like me hypotrichosis, kūlike i kahi kū i ka ulu ʻana o nā maka maka; hypertrichosis, ke ulu nei i nā maka maka i ka mānoanoa a nui loa ka lōʻihi; aiʻole madarosis me ka haʻalele a me ka nalo ʻana o nā maka maka.
• Nā abnormalities o ka pigmentation. Hiki ke hoʻopili i nā pilikia pigmentation eyelash i kekahi mau pathologies e like me leukotrichia, i wehewehe ʻia e ka loaʻa ʻole o nā ciliary pigmentation; poliosis a i ʻole canities, e hōʻike ana i ke keʻokeʻo o nā maka maka a me ka huina pau o nā lauoho ma ke kino.
• Nā anomal ʻaoʻao a me nā kūlana. Hiki i kekahi mau pathologies ke hoʻololi i ke kuhikuhi a i ke kūlana o nā maka maka e like me distichiasis, e hoʻomohala ʻana i ka lālani ʻelua o nā maka maka; a i ʻole trichiasis kahi e ʻāpiki hewa ʻole ai nā maka maka i ka maka.

Alopecia. Alopecia pili i kahi hapa a hapa paha o ka lilo o ka lauoho a i ʻole ka lauoho lauoho.4 Pili paha kona kumu i nā kumu genetics, makahiki, kahi maʻi a maʻi paha, a i ʻole epilation pinepine. ʻO kēia ka hopena i ʻelua ʻano alopecia: non-scarring kahi e hiki ai i ka ulu hou ʻana o ka lauoho ʻoiai ʻaʻohe mea e hōʻino i nā follicle o ka lauoho; a me nā kaha i kahi e hiki ʻole ai ke ulu hou ʻana no ka mea ua pau nā lauoho lauoho.

Pelade. ʻO Alopecia areata kahi maʻi i hōʻike ʻia e ka nalo ʻana o ka lauoho a i ʻole nā ​​pā o ka lauoho. Hiki ke hoʻopili i kekahi mau ʻāpana o ke kino a i ʻole ka holoʻokoʻa. ʻAʻole maopopo iki ke kumu, akā hōʻike kekahi mau noiʻi i kahi kumu autoimmune. (5)

Nā lāʻau lapaʻau. Kaukaʻi ʻia i ke kumu o ka nalo ʻana o ka lauoho, e kuhikuhi ʻia kekahi mau lāʻau e like me nā lāʻau anti-inflammatory (corticosteroids), nā lāʻau hormonal a i ʻole nā ​​vasodilator lotion.

Lapaʻau ʻoki kino. Kaukaʻi ʻia i ka pathology diagnose, ʻoki lāʻau lapaʻau hiki ke hoʻokō ʻia.

Ninaninau kino. I mea e ʻike ai i ke kumu o ka pathology e hoʻopili ana i nā maka maka, e lawe ʻia kahi hoʻokolokolo dermatological.

Hōʻailona estetika. Pili nā maka maka me ka wahine a me ka nani o nā maka.