Hiki pinepine mai ka maʻi diabetes gestational i ka wā hāpai. Inā pono ʻo ia e makaʻala iā ʻoe, ʻaʻole ʻo ia e hopohopo iā ʻoe: ʻo kekahi mau meaʻai e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke hoʻokele maikaʻi i kāu ʻai ma muli o nā hopena o kāu koko. E ʻimi ma aneʻi i nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo maikaʻi loa no ka manaʻo ʻana i kahi pēpē me ka maluhia o ka noʻonoʻo.

He aha ka mimikō hānau?

Wahi a ka wehewehe ʻana o ka WHO (World Health Organization), ʻo ka maʻi diabetes gestational, ʻo ia hoʻi "ka maʻi diabetes", he maʻi ia o ka hoʻomanawanui ʻana i ka waiʻona e alakaʻi ana i ka hyperglycemia o nā ʻano koʻikoʻi, hoʻomaka a ʻike ʻia no ka manawa mua i ka wā hāpai. hāpai keiki.

No laila, e like me nā maʻi diabetic ʻē aʻe, ʻo ka maʻi diabetes gestational kahi maʻi i ka hoʻoponopono ʻana o ke kō kō (pae kō kō) e hoʻonui ana i ka glucose i loko o ke koko (hyperglycemia mau).

Loaʻa ka maʻi diabetes gestational i nā wahine hāpai a hiki i ka hopena o ka 2nd trimester. Hiki ke asymptomatic a no laila ʻaʻole i ʻike ʻia a i ʻole nā ​​​​hōʻailona like me nā ʻano maʻi diabetes ʻē aʻe: ka makewai nui, ka mimi pinepine a me ka nui, ka luhi nui, ka ʻeha liʻiliʻi, etc.

ʻO ka maʻi maʻi gestational hiki ke mau wale no ka lōʻihi o ka hāpai ʻana a laila nalowale a hōʻike paha i kahi maʻi diabetes i ʻike ʻole ʻia ma mua. I nā hihia a pau, pono ke nānā pono ʻia a mālama ʻia ka maʻi diabetes gestational no ka mea he pilikia ia i ka makuahine a me ke keiki.

Nā kūlana kūpilikiʻi

He pilikia ka hāpai ʻana i ka maʻi maʻi maʻi ma muli o ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka hormonal i ka wahine hāpai e hoʻoulu ai i kahi kūlana physiological o ka hoʻoikaika ʻana i ka insulin e hiki ke piʻi i ka wā hāpai.

Hana ʻia ka nānā ʻana ma ka hoʻāʻo koko maʻalahi, i loko o kahi keʻena lapaʻau, maʻamau ma waena o ka pule 24 a me 28 o ka amenorrhea i nā wahine hāpai āpau i ka pilikia. Hana ʻia kahi hoʻāʻo koko koko mua ma ka ʻōpū ʻole, a laila kahi hōʻike OGTT (Oral Hyperglycemia) e pili ana i ka ʻai ʻana o 75 g glucose i ka lawe hoʻokahi. ʻO ka waiwai hoʻokahi ma luna o nā paepae maʻamau (0,92g / L ma ka ʻōpū ʻole; a i ʻole 1,80g / L 1 hola ma hope o ka hoʻouka ʻana o ka glucose waha; a i ʻole 1,53g / L 2 mau hola ma hope) ua lawa ia e ʻike ai i ka maʻi diabetes gestational.

Mai ka makahiki 2010, ma Farani, ua ʻae ka poʻe diabetologists a me nā gynecologists i nā pae hoʻohālike no ka poʻe i pilikia i ka maʻi diabetes gestational:

• ʻO ka wā hāpai: i nā wahine ma luna o 35, hiki i ka prevalence i 14,2%
• ka helu helu kino kino (BMI> 25kg / m²): i nā wahine momona a momona paha, hiki i ka prevalence i 11,1% a me 19,1% i kēlā me kēia.
• kahi moʻolelo pilikino o ka maʻi diabetes gestational: no nā wahine i hoʻomohala mua i ka maʻi diabetes gestational i ka wā o ka hāpai mua ʻana, piʻi ka prevalence i 50%
• he moʻolelo ʻohana o ka maʻi diabetes type 2 (mākua, kaikunāne, kaikuahine)
• he moʻolelo o ka macrosomia fetal: ke kaumaha o ka hānau ʻana o kahi pēpē ma luna o 4 kg

ʻO ka ʻai kaulike i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i nā kalapona (sugars) ke kumu no ka mālama maikaʻi ʻana i ka maʻi diabetes gestational. No laila, inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka maʻi diabetes gestational, ʻo kāu mau pahuhopu ka mālama ʻana i nā pae kōpaʻa koko i loko o nā palena kūpono a pale i ka piʻi nui (hyperglycemia).

No ka mālama ʻana i ka hopena o ka ʻai ʻana o kekahi i ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kō koko, kahi manaʻo i ʻike ʻole ʻia e ka lehulehu akā e hoʻomaka ana ka ʻike e hoʻolaha hou aku, he mea maikaʻi loa ia: nā Glycemic Indexes (GI).

ʻO ka Glycemic Index o kahi meaʻai ka hiki ke hoʻonui i ka glycemia (pae kō kō) e hoʻohālikelike ʻia i kahi kumukūʻai kūmole, glucose.

ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ka Glycemic Index (GI) o kahi meaʻai, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hoʻonui ʻana i ke kō koko. He kūpono ka hope. ʻO ka pahuhopu, inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka maʻi diabetes gestational, ʻo ia ka ʻai ʻana i nā meaʻai GI haʻahaʻa a i ʻole ka liʻiliʻi loa e pale aku i nā meaʻai GI kiʻekiʻe e hoʻonui nui ai i ke kō koko.

Eia ka papa inoa o nā meaʻai me ka GI kiʻekiʻe a me nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo no ka hoʻololi ʻana iā lākou i mea e mālama ai i ka leʻaleʻa o ka ʻai ʻana ma ka papaʻaina i kou wā hāpai.

Mea inu ono

ʻO nā mea inu kō, inā maoli (wai hua) a ʻaʻole paha (soda a syrup) e hoʻonui i ke kō koko. ʻO ia ka hihia no nā mea inu māmā e hoʻonui ai i ke kō koko e like me nā mana maʻamau. E ʻike maoli ana ka lolo i nā mea ʻono he kō maoli.

Manaʻo kōkua: E makemake i ka wai mālie a ʻālohilohi paha, maʻemaʻe a i ʻole no kahi pā leʻaleʻa me nā pahu hau a me kahi ʻāpana lemona a i ʻole nā ​​lau mint. ʻO ka ʻōmato a i ʻole ka wai huaʻai he koho maikaʻi no nā aperitifs, no ka laʻana. Inā makemake ʻoe i kahi aniani o ka wai huaʻai, e kōkua iā ʻoe iho i kahi aniani liʻiliʻi (150 ml) hiki iā ʻoe ke lawe ma kahi o kahi ʻāpana hua. E mālama pono i ka inu ʻana ma hope o ka hoʻomaka ʻana i kāu ʻai e kaupalena i kona hopena i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ke kō koko. I ka pōkole: mai inu i ka wai hua ma ka ʻōpū ʻole!

Pāhola, meli, jam a me ke kō

ʻO ka laha ʻana, inā he mea ola a ʻaʻole paha, ʻaʻohe ʻaila pāma a ʻaʻole paha, me ke kō kō a ʻaʻole paha, e hoʻonui nui i ke kō koko. Pēlā nō ke kō keʻokeʻo, ke kō ʻulaʻula a me ke kō ʻeleʻele, akā, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā jams maʻamau a me ka meli.

Manaʻo kōkua: No ke kakahiaka, ma kāu toast, e koho i ka pata. I kēlā me kēia manawa, i nā hopena pule no ka laʻana, e ʻae iā ʻoe iho i ka like o ka punetune o ka jam me ka ʻole o nā sugars i hoʻohui ʻia āu e ʻike ai ma ka ʻāpana organik a meaʻai paha. No ka ʻono i kāu mau mea inu, makemake ʻoe i ka syrup agave a i ʻole fructose, kahi āu e ʻike ai ma nā hale kūʻai nui ma ka ʻāpana organik. ʻO kā lākou GI i kēlā me kēia 15 a me 30 e kūʻē i ka 100 no ke kō. No ka hoʻolaha ʻana, ʻo ka ʻalemona puree holoʻokoʻa me ka ʻole o nā sugars i hoʻohui ʻia e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke hoʻohui i kahi syrup agave liʻiliʻi, kahi koho maikaʻi loa no ka ʻai ʻana i kekahi manawa.

ʻO nā mea ʻai ʻono a me nā pastries

Pono e ʻai ʻia nā mea ʻai e like me nā pāpaʻi, nā ʻaʻai ʻaila a me nā ice cream ma ke ʻano kūʻokoʻa loa i ko lākou hopena i ke kō koko. Pēlā nō i nā lole, nā ʻono a me nā kaola kokoleka i hana ʻia me nā koʻa haʻahaʻa.

Manaʻo kōkua: mai hoʻonele iā ʻoe iho i kahi meaʻai maikaʻi inā makemake ʻoe, akā inā ʻae ʻia nā hopena o ke kō koko a ʻoi aku hoʻi i kekahi manawa. Hoʻokahi manawa i ka pule me he alapine kūpono. Eia hou, inā hāʻule ʻoe i kahi ʻono momona, e ʻai pono i ka pau ʻana o ka ʻai, ma hope o ka ʻai ʻana i ka nui o nā mea kanu e hoʻemi ai i ka ukana glycemic o ka ʻai.

ʻO nā hua palaoa i hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia a me ka berena keʻokeʻo

He waiwai maoli ka cereals i ka fiber, nā huaora, nā minerala a me nā mea ʻala. Akā, e emi ana kēia mau pono meaʻai i ka wā e hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia a hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia ka cereal. ʻO kēia ke ʻano o ka hopena o ka berena keʻokeʻo (a me ka palaoa wholemeal) kokoke like me ke kō keʻokeʻo ma ke kō koko. ʻO ka pasta maʻamau kekahi huahana palaoa i hana nui ʻia a hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia a hiki i kahi e piʻi ai ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kō koko.

Manaʻo kōkua: ʻoiaʻiʻo, e hoʻomau i ka ʻai ʻana i nā hua palaoa e like me ka pasta a me ka laiki i nā manawa a pau, akā e koho i ka ʻano pasta a me ka laiki brown. ʻOi aku ka makemake i ka laiki basmati, ʻo ia ka mea e hoʻonui ai i ke kō koko. E noʻonoʻo pū i ka bulgour, quinoa, lentils, split peas, chickpeas a me nā pī maloʻo e hoʻololi i nā leʻaleʻa. He liʻiliʻi ka hopena o kēia mau meaʻai i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ke kō koko. No ka berena, makemake i ka berena bran a me ka berena ʻeleʻele no ka laʻana. A inā ʻoe e hana i kāu berena ponoʻī, e hana me ka palaoa palaoa piha āu e ʻike ai ma ka ʻāpana organik o kāu supermarket.

uala

ʻO ka ʻuala, ʻo kēlā me kēia ʻano kā lākou kuke ʻana a me ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana, he pōkā glycemic maoli nō ia: ʻo kā lākou GI mai 65 a 95.

Manaʻo kōkua: hiki iā ʻoe ke pani i ka ʻuala i loko o kāu mau kīʻaha āpau i loaʻa iā lākou me ka ʻuala (GI = 50): gratin, sopa, raclette, etc. E hele pū me lākou me kahi salakeke ʻōmaʻomaʻo maikaʻi e kaulike i ka ukana glycemic o ka ʻai. ʻO ka mea maikaʻi e ʻai mau i ka liʻiliʻi e like me ka saladi e like me ka ʻuala.

Nā hua a me nā meaʻai

ʻO nā huaʻai a me nā meaʻai he meaʻai olakino maikaʻi loa ia, ma waho aʻe o ka waiwai i nā huaora, nā minerala, nā fiber a me nā antioxidants, e hoʻoulu i ka piʻi haʻahaʻa o ke kō koko.

Eia kekahi, inā ʻike ʻia he ʻono kekahi mau huaʻai, pono e ʻai wale ʻia ka papaya oo loa, ka guava a me ka maiʻa (me nā kiko ma ka ʻili) i mea e pale ai i ka piʻi ʻana o ke kō koko. No nā huaʻai ʻē aʻe, e kaupalena ʻia kā lākou nui i hoʻokahi lawelawe i kēlā me kēia pāʻina. ʻO ka mea maikaʻi loa, ʻo ia ka ʻai ʻana i ka hua i ka pau ʻana o ka ʻai e kaupalena i ka piʻi ʻana o ke kō koko.

ʻAi ʻia nā lau ʻai me ka makemake ʻole.

Legumes

ʻO nā legumes, i kapa ʻia ʻo "pulses", ʻo ia hoʻi: lentils (ʻalani, ʻōmaʻomaʻo, ʻeleʻele), lentils, piʻi maloʻo (ʻulaʻula, ʻulaʻula, keʻokeʻo, ʻeleʻele, niu, azuki, tarbais, mung, flageolet, cornilla), pīni ākea, pī ( mahele, moa, holookoa).

Loaʻa i nā legumes nā pono meaʻai pono ʻole i ka wā hāpai: waiwai i nā protein a me nā waikawa amino koʻikoʻi, nā fibers a me nā minela, ka huaʻa B9, he hopena maikaʻi ʻole lākou i ke kō koko. No ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana iā lākou, ʻelua ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo: e hoʻomoʻi iā lākou i ka pō i ka wai anuanu me kahi ʻomi lemona a i ʻole e hoʻohui i kahi teaspoon o ka soda baking i ka wai kuke.

Dairy Products

ʻO nā huahana dairy, waiwai i ka calcium a me nā protein, inā mai ka bipi, hipa a kao paha, pono e koho ʻia i ka wā hāpai. ʻO kēia nā yogurts, fromage blanc, faisselle a me Swiss liʻiliʻi. E akahele naʻe, ʻaʻole e huikau iā lākou me nā ʻaila ʻono a me nā mea ʻono ʻē aʻe e nui ana ma nā hale kūʻai kūʻai. No nā huahana waiu, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke koho ʻana iā lākou maʻalahi a hoʻohui i kāu pā o ka mea ʻono: ke kinamona, wai lemon, hua vanilla, etc. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohui i kāu huaʻai hou a ʻai paha me kāu compote. A no ke aha e hoʻohui ʻole ai i kahi huahana waiu me nā huaʻai hou a me kekahi mau pahu hau e hana ai i mea inu ʻoluʻolu.

ʻO ka ʻiʻo, ka iʻa a me nā hua 

Loaʻa i nā protein akā i loko o nā momona momona a me nā huaora, ka ʻiʻo, ka iʻa a me nā hua manu he pūʻulu meaʻai holoʻokoʻa ʻaʻole pono e haʻalele ʻia i ka wā hāpai. No ka mea, ʻaʻohe o kēia mau meaʻai i loaʻa i ka carbohydrate: no laila ʻaʻole lākou e hoʻonui i ke kō koko.

E koho i ka lawelawe ʻana i ka ʻiʻo, iʻa a i ʻole 2 mau hua, no ka ʻaina awakea a me ka ʻaina ahiahi. A e ʻai i ka iʻa ma ka liʻiliʻi ʻelua o ka pule (me ka iʻa momona hoʻokahi) no kona waiwai i ka Omega-3.