ʻO ka Hypochromia kahi huaʻōlelo lapaʻau no ka nalo ʻana o ke kala i loko o kahi okana, ʻiʻo a i ʻole nā ​​​​pūnaewele. Hiki ke hoʻohana pono ʻia i ka dermatology e hoʻopaʻa ʻia i nā kiko ʻili hypochromic a i ʻole i ka hematology e koho i nā pūpū koko ʻulaʻula hypochromic.

I ka dermatology, hypochromia kahi huaʻōlelo i hoʻohana ʻia e kuhikuhi i ka nalowale o ka pigmentation i loko o nā integuments e like me ka ʻili, ka lauoho a me ka lauoho kino. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e hoʻopaʻa i ka nalowale o ka waihoʻoluʻu i nā maka.

Hoʻokumu ʻia ka Hypochromia ma muli o ka nele o ka melanin, kahi puaʻa maoli i hana ʻia e nā melanocytes i loko o ke kino a kuleana no ke kala o ka ʻili, lauoho, lauoho kino a me nā maka. Hiki i ka hypochromia ke kumu ma muli o kahi hemahema o ka hana ʻana o ka melanin a i ʻole ka luku ʻia ʻana o kēia puaʻa.

He nui nā kumu o ka nele o ka melanin. Ma muli paha o kahi maʻi, kahi maʻi autoimmune a i ʻole kahi maʻi genetic. Ma waena o nā kumu o ka hypochromia i ka dermatology, ʻike mākou no ka laʻana:

• kaoculocutaneous albinism, hōʻike ʻia e ka nele o ka melanin i ka ʻili, ka lauoho, ka lauoho kino a me nā maka;
• albinism hapa a i ʻole piebaldism ʻaʻole like me ka oculocutaneous albinism, pili wale i ka ʻili a me ka lauoho;
• le vitiligo, he maʻi autoimmune e hoʻomaka ana i ka nalo ʻana o nā melanocytes, nā cell i ke kumu o ka synthesis o ka melanin;
• kahypopituitarism, i hōʻike ʻia e ka hopu ʻana i nā mea huna hormonal mai ka pituitary anterior e hiki ke alakaʻi i ka depigmentation o nā integuments a me nā mucous membranes;
• le Pityriasis versicolor, he mycosis e hiki ke hopena i ke ano o na kiko hypopigmented, i kapaia hoi na kiko ili hypochromic.

ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka hypochromia e pili ana i ka ʻike o ka dermatologist. I ka hopena o ka mycosis, hiki ke hoʻokō ʻia nā lāʻau anti-infective, no ka laʻana. I kekahi mau hihia, ʻaʻohe lāʻau lapaʻau i kēia manawa. Eia naʻe, ʻōlelo ʻia nā hana pale e kaupalena i ka ulu ʻana o ka depigmentation. ʻO ka pale ʻana i ka pale ʻana i ka ʻili, ka lauoho a me nā maka mai nā kukuna ultraviolet (UV).

I loko o ka hematology, hypochromia kahi huaʻōlelo lapaʻau e hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e kuhikuhi i kahi mea ʻino i loko o ke koko ʻulaʻula. Ke kamaʻilio nei mākou no ka hypochromia o ke koko ʻulaʻula ke ʻike ʻia lākou i ka haʻihaʻi ʻole i ka wā o ka hoʻokolokolo ʻana ma ke ʻano hoʻopaʻa ʻana o May-Grünwald Giemsa. Ua kapa ʻia nā pūpū koko ʻulaʻula he hypochromes.

ʻO ka ʻulaʻula o ke koko ʻulaʻula e hōʻike ana i ka nele o ka hemoglobin. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻo ka hemoglobin ka mea i loko o ke koko ʻulaʻula e hāʻawi iā lākou i ko lākou kala ʻulaʻula kaulana. ʻO ia ke kuleana no ka lawe ʻana i ka oxygen i loko o ke kino, no laila ke koʻikoʻi o ka hoʻokele wikiwiki ʻana i ka hypochromia o nā ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula.

I ka lāʻau lapaʻau, kapa ʻia kēia hemahema hemoglobin hypochromic anemia. Hōʻike ʻia ia e ka pae haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o ka hemoglobin i loko o ke koko. Hiki i ka hypochromic anemia ke loaʻa i nā kumu he nui e like me:

• iron deficiency (iron deficiency anemia), he trace element e kōkua ana i ka synthesis o ka hemoglobin;
• he hemahema genetic hoʻoilina, e like me thalassemia.

Hiki ke ʻike ʻia ke koko ʻulaʻula hypochromic me ka pehu May-Grünwald Giemsa. Me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā reagents ʻē aʻe, hoʻokaʻawale kēia ʻano i nā heluna kanaka like ʻole o ke koko koko i loko o kahi hāpana koko. ʻO kēia kala e hiki ai ke ʻike pono i nā keʻena koko ʻulaʻula, a i ʻole ke koko ʻulaʻula, i ʻike ʻia e ko lākou ʻulaʻula. Ke ʻike ʻia kēia mau mea koko i ka haʻihaʻi ʻole, ua kapa ʻia ʻo hypochromia o nā pūpū koko ʻulaʻula.

ʻIke pinepine ʻia ka anemia hypochromic ma ke ana ʻana i ʻelua mau ʻāpana koko:

• ka mean corpuscular hemoglobin content (TCMH), ka mea e ana i ka nui o ka hemoglobin i loko o ke koko ʻulaʻula;
• ka mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (CCMH), e pili ana i ka mean hemoglobin concentration ma kēlā me kēia ʻulaʻula.

Ke kamaʻilio nei mākou no ka hypochromia o nā keʻena koko ʻulaʻula i kēia mau hihia:

• ʻO TCMH ma lalo o 27 µg no ke kelepona;
• o CCMH ma lalo o 32 g / dL.

ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka anemia hypochromic e pili ana i kona kumu a me ke ʻano. Ma muli o ka hihia, hiki ke mālama ʻia ka hemahema o ka hemoglobin me ka hao a i ʻole ke kahe koko.

I nā hihia koʻikoʻi, pono paha ke hoʻololi ʻana i ka iwi iwi.