Contents
- 'Oluʻi
- He aha ka maʻi palū?
- Pehea ka lōʻihi o ka maʻi maʻi?
- ʻO nā maʻi maʻi influenza like ʻole
- ʻO ka maʻi maʻi a me ka contagion: pehea ka lōʻihi?
- ʻO ka maʻi maʻi, pehea ka loaʻa ʻana?
- Hiki ke loaʻa maʻalahi ka maʻi maʻi i ke anuanu?
- ʻO nā pilikia o ka maʻi maʻi
- I ka manawa hea e nīnau ai i ke kauka ?
- ʻEhia ka poʻe e loaʻa i ka maʻi maʻi i kēlā me kēia makahiki?
- I ka manawa hea i loaʻa ai ka maʻi maʻi?
'Oluʻi
NĀ PONO Ua like loa nā hōʻailona maʻi me nā hōʻailona o ka coronavirus (Covid-19). No ka ʻike hou aku, kono mākou iā ʻoe e nīnau i kā mākou ʻāpana Coronavirus. |
He aha ka maʻi palū?
ʻO ka maʻi maʻi, a i ʻole ka maʻi influenza, kahi maʻi i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā maʻi influenzae o ka ʻohana Orthomyxoviridae, nā maʻi RNA. ʻO ka maʻi lele, influenza pili mua i ka ʻōnaehana hanu a hiki ke lilo i mea paʻakikī a loaʻa paha nā ʻano koʻikoʻi.
Pehea ka lōʻihi o ka maʻi maʻi?
Hoʻomau mau ia mai 3-7 lā a hiki ke pale i ke kanaka mai ka hana ʻana i kāna mau hana i kēlā me kēia lā.
ʻO nā maʻi maʻi influenza like ʻole
Aia 3 ʻano o nā maʻi maʻi influenza, me nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e like me kā lākou glycoproteins ili, neuraminidases (N) a me hemagglutinins (H):
ʻO ka maʻi maʻi ʻano A
ʻO ia ka pōʻino loa. Ua hana ia i kekahi mau maʻi maʻi make e like me ka maʻi maʻi Spanish kaulana o 1918, ka mea i make ma mua o 20 miliona mau kānaka. I ka makahiki 1968, ʻo ia ka manawa o ka "Hong Kong flu" e hoʻomaka ai i kahi maʻi maʻi. Hoʻololi ʻo Type A i kahi manawa pōkole loa, ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī iā ia e hakakā. ʻOiaʻiʻo, pono ke kino e kūkulu i kahi pane kūʻokoʻa e pili ana i kēlā me kēia maʻi hou o ka maʻi maʻi i ke kaʻa ʻana.
Hoʻokumu ka maʻi ʻano A i kahi maʻi maʻi ma kahi o 3-4 mau manawa i ka makahiki. I ka makahiki 2009, he maʻi virus ʻano A hou, H1N1, ua hoʻoulu hou i kahi maʻi maʻi. Wahi a nā luna olakino olakino, ʻo ka virulence o kēia maʻi maʻi he "maʻalahi", e pili ana i ka nui o nā make. No ka ʻike hou aku, e ʻike i kā mākou faila Influenza A (H1N1).
ʻO ka maʻi maʻi Avian kekahi maʻi ʻano A e pili ana i nā manu, inā he mea pepehi ʻia (moa, turkey, quails), ʻāhiu (geese, ducks) a i ʻole ka home. Hiki ke hoʻoili ʻia ka maʻi mai nā manu i ke kanaka, akā kakaikahi ma waena o ke kanaka. ʻāʻī H5N1 ua make i kekahi mau make ma Asia, maʻa mau i ka poʻe pili pili me nā moa maʻi a make paha a i ʻole i hele pinepine i nā mākeke moa ola.
ʻAno B
ʻO ka pinepine, ʻoi aku ka koʻikoʻi o kāna mau hōʻike. Hoʻopilikia wale ia i nā maʻi ahulau kūloko. ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia kēia ʻano maʻi maʻi ma mua o ke ʻano A.
ʻAno C influenza
Ua like nā hōʻailona o ke anu. ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia kēia ʻano maʻi maʻi ma mua o ke ʻano A.
Ke ulu nei nā huakō?
Ke hoʻololi mau nei kēia ʻano virus (genotypic modifications). ʻO ia ke kumu o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi maʻi i hoʻokahi makahiki ʻaʻole ia e hāʻawi i ka pale ʻana i nā maʻi maʻi e laha i nā makahiki e hiki mai ana. No laila hiki iā mākou ke loaʻa i kahi maʻi maʻi hou i kēlā me kēia makahiki. Pono e hoʻololi ʻia nā lāʻau lapaʻau i kēlā me kēia makahiki e pale i ka heluna kanaka mai nā ʻano hou o ka maʻi maʻi.
ʻO ka maʻi maʻi a me ka contagion: pehea ka lōʻihi?
Hiki i ke kanaka ma'i ke lele i ka lā ma mua o ko lākou mau hō'ailona mua a hiki ke ho'ouna i ka ma'i ma'i no 5 a 10 mau lā. Hiki i nā keiki ke lele i kekahi manawa ma mua o 10 mau lā.
Hoʻomaka ka incubation mai 1 a 3 mau lā, 'o ia ho'i, ke loa'a 'oe i ka ma'i ma'i influenza, hiki ke 'ike 'ia nā hō'ailona mai ka lā 1 ma hope o ka ma'i a hiki i 3 lā ma hope.
ʻO ka maʻi maʻi, pehea ka loaʻa ʻana?
Laha maʻalahi ka maʻi maʻi, ma o ka ho'opa'i 'ana a me nā microdroplets i ho'ohaumia 'ia i ho'oku'u 'ia i ka lewa i ka wā ua mai a i ʻole ke kihe ʻana. Hiki ke hoʻoili ʻia ka maʻi ma o ka saliva. No ka hikiwawe o ka ma'i ma'i i ka maka a me na lima o kekahi me ka ma'i ma'i, pono e pale 'ia ka honi a lulu lima me ka poe mai.
Kakaʻikahi ka hoʻouna ʻana ma o nā mea i hoʻopā ʻia e ka kohu a i ʻole nā kulu lepo; Hoʻomau ka maʻi ma nā lima no 5 a 30 mau minuke a i loko o ka waihona no kekahi mau lā. Ma nā ʻaoʻao inert, hoʻomau ka maʻi maʻi no kekahi mau hola, no laila e pale i ka hoʻopā ʻana i nā mea o ka mea maʻi (nā mea pāʻani, ka papaʻaina, nā ʻoki ʻoki, ka pulupulu niho).
ʻO ka maʻi maʻi a i ʻole ke anu, he aha nā ʻokoʻa?Ināʻoe he anu :
No ka ʻike hou aku, e ʻike i kā mākou Cold sheet. |
Hiki ke loaʻa maʻalahi ka maʻi maʻi i ke anuanu?
Na Italia o ka XIVe Ua manaʻoʻiʻo ʻo Century i nā ʻāpana o ka contagion i influenza lawe ʻia mai e ka froid. No laila ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia maʻi anu. ʻAʻole lākou i hewa loa, no ka mea, ma nā ʻāpana wela o ka ʻĀkau a me ka hema hemispheres e hōʻike pinepine ʻia ka influenza iā ia iho i ka hoʻoilo. Akā, i kēlā manawa, ʻaʻole lākou i ʻike i ka maʻi ʻino, hiki ke loaʻa nā maʻi influenza i kēlā me kēia manawa o ka makahiki (ʻaʻohe kau maʻi maʻi!).
Ua manaʻo lōʻihi ʻo ka "loaʻa ʻana i ke anu" i hōʻemi i ke kūʻē ʻana o ke kino i ka maʻi maʻi a me ke anu. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻohe mea hōʻike e hoʻonāwaliwali ke anuanu i ka ʻōnaehana immune a maʻalahi paha ke komo ʻana o ka maʻi i loko o ka ʻōpū hanu.6-9 .
Inā maʻa mau ka maʻi influenza i ka hoʻoilo, ʻoi aku paha ia ma muli o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻia loko hale, e paipai ana paio. Eia kekahi, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka ea maloʻo i ka hoʻoilo hoʻi e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka contagion, no ka mea, maloʻo ka mucous membranes o ka ihu. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka pale ʻana o ka mucous membrane i ke komo ʻana o nā microbes i ka wā pulu. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka ea hoʻoilo maloʻo e maʻalahi ke ola ʻana o ka maʻi ma waho o ke kino.23.
ʻO nā pilikia o ka maʻi maʻi
- Bacterial superinfection: hiki ke pilikia inā ma ka influenza (virus ma'i) ma waho a'e o ka ma'i bacteria media otitis, ka sinusitis, ka pneumonia ʻO ka maʻi maʻi ma hope o ka maʻi influenza mai 4st ka 14st i ka lā ma hope o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka maʻi, ʻoi loa i ka poʻe ʻelemakule.
- Ponaumonia pili i ka ma'i ma'i ma'i mua. Kakaʻikahi a koʻikoʻi, alakaʻi ia i ka haukapila i ka mālama koʻikoʻi.
- ʻO nā pilikia e pili ana i nā ʻano ʻē aʻe ma waho o ka māmā, e like me ka myocarditis (ka wela o ka puʻuwai puʻuwai), pericarditis (ka ʻeha o ka pericardium, ka membrane a puni ka puʻuwai, encephalitis (ka wela o ka lolo), rhabdmyolysis (ka ʻeha nui o ka ʻiʻo), ʻO Reye's Syndrome (inā lawe ʻia ka aspirin i nā keiki, e hōʻeha ana i ka maʻi hepatitis a me ka encephalitis, koʻikoʻi loa).
- ʻO nā pilikia i ka poʻe me ka emi ʻana o ka pale ʻana,
- I ka wā o ka hāpai ʻana, hāʻule hāʻule, ʻaʻole i hānau mua ʻia, nā maʻi ʻino o ka neurological congenital.
- A i ka poe elemakule, Kuʻi Kīʻoleʻo ka maʻi hanu a i ʻole ka maʻi renal e piʻi nui aʻe paha (decompensation).
ʻO nā kānaka me ke olakino palupalu, e like me nā ʻelemakule, immunocompromised a me ka poe me Maʻi maʻi pulmonary, ʻoi aku ka pilikia o nā pilikia a me ka make.
I ka manawa hea e nīnau ai i ke kauka ?
Ma mua o kēia mau hōʻailona, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi e nīnau i ke kauka i mea e ʻike ai a mālama paha i nā pilikia e hiki mai ana.
- He loʻala ma luna o 38,5 ° C no nā hola he 72.
- Pōkole hanu i ka hoʻomaha.
- ʻEha ʻeha.
ʻEhia ka poʻe e loaʻa i ka maʻi maʻi i kēlā me kēia makahiki?
I Palani, i kēlā me kēia makahiki, i ka wā o ka ma'i ma'i influenza, ma waena o 788 a me 000 miliona mau kānaka e nīnau i kā lākou kauka lapa'au, 'o ia ho'i, he 4,6 miliona kānaka i ho'opilikia 'ia i kēlā me kēia makahiki e ka ma'i ma'i. A kokoke i ka 2,5% o lākou aia ma lalo o 50. I ka wā o ka maʻi maʻi influenza 18-2014, ua ʻike ʻia nā maʻi influenza koʻikoʻi a me 2015 mau make. Akā, ʻo ka nui o ka make i pili i ka maʻi maʻi, ua manaʻo ʻia he 1600 mau make (ʻo ka make i ka poʻe palupalu me ka ʻole o ka maʻi ʻaʻole paha i make).
Hoʻopilikia ka maʻi maʻi i ka 10% a i ka 25% o ka heluna kanaka i kēlā me kēia makahiki O Junior Ah3. ʻO ka hapa nui o ka poʻe i loaʻa i ka maʻi e ola hou me ka pilikia ʻole. Eia nō naʻe, pili ka maʻi maʻi i 3000 a 5000 mau make ma Kanada, maʻamau i nā poʻe i nāwaliwali.
I ka manawa hea i loaʻa ai ka maʻi maʻi?
Ma ʻAmelika ʻĀkau e like me ʻEulopa, ke kau maʻi maʻi holo mai Nowemapa a ʻApelila. ʻOkoʻa ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi maʻi maʻi ma muli o ka latitu o ka ʻāina āu e noho nei a me ka maʻi maʻi maʻi makahiki e holo nei.