ʻO ke koʻohune Klebsiella pneumoniae he enterobacterium ke kuleana no nā maʻi lehulehu a koʻikoʻi hoʻi, ʻo ka nui o ka nosocomial ma Palani. A helu o ke kanana o Klebsiella pneumoniae ua hoʻomohala i mau kūʻē ʻana i nā antibiotic.

Klebsiella pneumoniae, i kapa ʻia ʻo Friedlander's pneumobacillus, he enterobacterium, ʻo ia hoʻi, he bacillus gram-maikaʻi. Aia maoli ia i loko o ka ʻōpū, i nā alaloa kiʻekiʻe o nā kānaka a me nā holoholona mehana koko: ʻōlelo ʻia he maʻi koʻohune commensal.

Kūleʻa ia i 30% o kēlā me kēia kanaka i ka membrane mucous digestive a me nasopharyngeal. ʻIke ʻia kēia bacteria i ka wai, ka lepo, nā mea kanu a me ka lepo (hoʻohaumia ʻia e nā faeces). He pathogen nō ia no nā maʻi like ʻole:

• niumonia,
• naohao,
• maʻi maʻi urinary tract,
• maʻi maʻi ʻōpū,
• maʻi maʻi ʻōpū.

I ʻEulopa, ʻo Klebsiella pneumoniae ke kumu o nā maʻi hanu kaiāulu (i nā kaona) i nā poʻe palupalu (nā mea ʻalekohola, nā diabetic, nā ʻelemākule a i ʻole nā ​​mea e ʻeha nei i nā maʻi hanu mau) a me nā maʻi nosocomial (hana ʻia i nā haukapila) i ka poʻe maʻi (pneumonia, sepsis a me nā maʻi o nā keiki hānau hou a me nā mea maʻi i nā wahi mālama nui).

ʻO ke koʻohune Klebsiella pneumoniae ʻike nui ʻia ke kuleana no ka mimiki nosocomial a me nā maʻi o intra-ʻōpū, sepsis, pneumonia, a me nā maʻi maʻi pae. Ma kahi o 8% o nā maʻi nosocomial ma ʻEulopa a me ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻia ma muli o kēia koʻohune. ʻO nā maʻi Klebsiella pneumoniae ka mea maʻamau i nā keʻena neonatal, keu hoʻi i nā keʻena mālama mālama nui a me nā pēpē ʻōpio.

Nā ʻōuli o ka maʻi Klebsiella pneumoniae maʻi āpau

ʻO nā ʻōuli o ka maʻi Klebsiella pneumoniae ākea ka poʻe o ka maʻi maʻi koʻohune koʻikoʻi:

• wela wela,
• ka eha,
• hōʻino o ke kūlana maʻamau,
• haʻalulu.

Nā ʻōuli o kahi maʻi hanu me Klebsiella pneumoniae

ʻO nā ʻōuli o kahi maʻi hanu me Klebsiella pneumoniae maʻamau ka pulmonary, me ka sputum a me ka tale, i ka hoʻohui i ke kuni.

Nā ʻōuli o kahi maʻi maʻi urinary i hoʻokumu ʻia e Klebsiella pneumoniae

ʻO nā ʻōuli o ka maʻi urinary tract me Klebsiella pneumoniae e pili ana i ka puhi ʻana a me ka ʻeha i ka wā o ka mimiki ʻana, pilau a me ka mimi ao, pono pinepine a me ka wikiwiki e mimi, kekahi manawa nausea a me ka luaʻi.

Nā ʻōuli o ka meningitis i hoʻokumu ʻia e Klebsiella pneumoniae

Nā ʻōuli o Klebsiella pneumoniae meningitis (kākaʻikahi loa):

• nā maʻiʻeha,
• fiva,
• ke kūlana i hoʻololi ʻia o ka ʻike,
• kūpilikiʻi
• haʻalulu septic.

ʻO ke kuhi definitive o kahi maʻi Klebsiella pneumoniae e pili ana i ka hoʻokaʻawale a me ka ʻike ʻana o nā koʻohune mai nā laʻana o ke koko, mimi, sputum, nā huna huna bronchial a i ʻole nā ​​maʻi i loaʻa. Pono e hele pū me ka ʻike pilikino ʻana me ka hana o ka antibiogram.

ʻO ka antibiogram kahi hana ʻenehana e hiki ai ke hōʻoia i ka ʻike o ke ʻano o ke koʻohuna e pili ana i hoʻokahi a ʻoi aku nā lāʻau ʻino, a he mea nui ia no nā maʻi o Klebsiella pneumoniae i kū pinepine i nā lāʻau ʻino he nui.

ʻO ke koʻohune Klebsiella pneumoniae e like me nā Enterobacteriaceae ʻē aʻe i lawe ʻia e ka lima, ʻo ia hoʻi hiki ke lawe ʻia kēia bacteri e ka pili o ka ʻili e nā mea i hoʻohaumia ʻia a i ʻole nā ​​ʻilikai. I ka haukapila, lawe ʻia nā bacteria mai kekahi mea hoʻomanawanui a i kekahi ma o nā lima o nā kahu e hiki ai ke hāpai i nā koʻohune mai kekahi maʻi a i kekahi.

Hiki ke mālama ʻia nā maʻi Klebsiella pneumoniae ma waho o ka haukapila me ke cephalosporin (eg ceftriaxone) a i ʻole fluoroquinolone (e laʻa me levofloxacin).

Mālama ʻia nā maʻi kūlohelohe me Klebsiella pneumoniae me nā lāʻau ʻumeʻume. Mālama pinepine ʻia lākou me nā cephalosporins ākea ākea a me nā carbapenems (imipenem, meropenem, ertapenem), a i ʻole fluoroquinolones a i ʻole aminoglycosides. ʻO ke koho ʻana o kahi antibiotic e lawelawe ai hiki ke lilo i paʻakikī ma muli o ka loaʻa ʻana o ke kūpaʻa.

Ua hoʻomohala nā kaha o Klebsiellia pneumoniae i ke kūpaʻa mau ʻana i nā lāʻau ʻino. Hoʻonohonoho ka World Health Organization (WHO) i kēia bacterium ma waena o nā 12 "pathogens prior" e kūʻē i nā lāʻau antibiotic. ʻO kahi laʻana, hiki i ka Klebsiella pneumoniae ke hana i kahi enzyme, carbapenemase, ka mea e kāohi i ka hopena o nā mea āpau āpau i kapa ʻia he antibiotic ākea β-lactam.

I kekahi mau ʻāina, ʻaʻohe hopena o nā antibiotic no ka hapalua o nā mea maʻi i mālama ʻia no nā maʻi K. pneumoniae. ʻO ke kūpaʻa kūpale ʻia i nā lāʻau antibiotic e pili pū kekahi i nā papa lāʻau ʻē aʻe e like me aminoglycosides.