Nā kumu o ka maʻi
ʻO ka necrosis ka hoʻopau ʻole ʻia o ka hana koʻikoʻi o nā cell, nā ʻiʻo a i ʻole nā mea i loko o kahi mea ola, i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka mana o nā microbes pathogenic. ʻO ke kumu o ka necrosis ʻo ia ka luku ʻana i ka ʻiʻo e kahi mea mechanical, thermal, chemical, infectious-toxic agent. Loaʻa kēia ʻano ma muli o kahi hopena maʻi, hoʻopilikia i ka innervation a me ke kahe koko. ʻO ke koʻikoʻi o ka necrosis e pili ana i ke kūlana maʻamau o ke kino a me nā mea ʻino kūloko.
Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka necrosis e ke alo o nā microorganisms pathogenic, fungi, virus. Eia kekahi, he hopena maikaʻi ʻole ka hoʻoluʻu ʻana i ke kahe o ke koko, ma ia mau kūlana, piʻi ka vasospasm a ʻoi aku ka pilikia o ke kahe koko. Hoʻopilikia ka overheating i ka piʻi ʻana o ka metabolism a me ka nele o ke kahe koko, ʻike ʻia nā kaʻina necrotic.
Nā hōʻailona o ka necrosis
ʻO ka numbness, ka nele o ka naʻau, ʻo ia ka hōʻailona mua loa ke kumu o ke kipa ʻana i ke kauka. ʻIke ʻia ka pale ʻana o ka ʻili ma muli o ke kahe ʻana o ke koko kūpono ʻole, e liʻiliʻi ke kala o ka ʻili i cyanotic, a laila ʻeleʻele a ʻeleʻele paha. Inā loaʻa ka necrosis ma nā ʻaoʻao haʻahaʻa, a laila ʻike mua ʻia e ka luhi wikiwiki i ka wā e hele ai, ke ʻano o ke anuanu, convulsions, ke ʻano o ka lameness, ma hope o ka hoʻōla ʻole ʻana o nā maʻi trophic non-healing, necrotic i ka manawa.
ʻO ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana o ke kūlana maʻamau o ke kino mai ka uhai ʻana i nā hana o ka ʻōnaehana nerve waena, ke kahe koko, ka ʻōnaehana hanu, nā puʻupaʻa, nā ate. I ka manawa like, aia ka emi ʻana o ka palekana ma muli o ke ʻano o nā maʻi koko concomitant a me ka anemia. Aia kekahi maʻi metabolic, luhi, hypovitaminosis a me ka hana nui.
Nā ʻano necrosis
Ma muli o ke ʻano o nā loli i loko o nā ʻiʻo, ʻelua ʻano necrosis i ʻike ʻia:
Necrosis coagulative (maloʻo). - hiki ke hana i ka wā e pelu ai, mānoanoa, maloʻo, a lilo i mea ʻala. ʻO kēia ka hopena o ka pau ʻana o ke kahe ʻana o ke koko a me ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o ka wai. I ka manawa like, maloʻo nā wahi kiko, palupalu, ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele a i ʻole hina-melemele i ke kala me kahi laina hoʻokaʻawale. Ma ke kahua o ka hōʻole ʻana i nā ʻiʻo make, hele mai kahi maʻi maʻi, hoʻomohala kahi kaʻina purulent, hoʻokumu ʻia kahi abscess, a hana ʻia kahi fistula ma ka wehe ʻana. Hoʻokumu ʻia ka necrosis maloʻo i loko o ka spleen, puʻupaʻa, stump umbilical cord i nā keiki hou.
Colliquation (mau) necrosis - hōʻike ʻia e ka pehu, palupalu a me ka liquefaction o nā ʻiʻo make, ka hoʻokumu ʻana o kahi hina hina, ke ʻano o kahi ʻala.
Aia kekahi mau ʻano o ka necrosis:
ʻO ka puʻuwai puʻuwai - loaʻa ma muli o ka pau ʻana o ka hāʻawi ʻana o ke koko i ke kiko o kahi ʻiʻo a i ʻole ke kino. ʻO ka huaʻōlelo ischemic necrosis ʻo ia ka necrosis o kahi ʻāpana o loko - infarction o ka lolo, ka puʻuwai, ka ʻōpū, ka māmā, ka puʻupaʻa, ka spleen. Me kahi infarction liʻiliʻi, hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe autolytic a i ʻole resorption a me ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka ʻiʻo piha. ʻO ka hopena maikaʻi ʻole o ka puʻuwai puʻuwai he uhaki i ka hana koʻikoʻi o ka ʻiʻo, nā pilikia a i ʻole ka make.
Sequester - aia kahi wahi make o ka iwi iwi i loko o ka lua sequester, i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia mai ke kino olakino ma muli o kahi kaʻina purulent (osteomyelitis).
Gangrene - necrosis o ka ʻili, nā ʻili mucous, nā ʻiʻo. ʻO kona ulu ʻana ma mua o ka necrosis tissue.
Bedsores - loaʻa i ka poʻe immobilized ma muli o ka hoʻopaʻa lōʻihi o nā ʻiʻo a i ʻole ka pōʻino o ka ʻili. Ke alakaʻi nei kēia mau mea a pau i ka hoʻokumu ʻana o nā ʻeha hohonu, purulent.
lapaʻau '
ʻO ka mea pōʻino, hoʻouna pinepine ʻia nā mea maʻi no ka hoʻokolokolo ʻana me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā x-ray, akā ʻaʻole ʻae kēia ʻano e ʻike i ka pathology i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o kona hoʻomohala ʻana. ʻIke ʻia ka necrosis ma nā x-ray ma ka lua a me ke kolu o ka pae o ka maʻi. ʻAʻole hāʻawi nā hoʻāʻo koko i nā hopena kūpono i ke aʻo ʻana i kēia pilikia. I kēia mau lā, hiki i ka hoʻohālikelike magnetic resonance imaging a i ʻole computed tomography nā mea hiki ke hoʻoholo i ka manawa kūpono a pololei hoʻi i nā loli i ka hoʻolālā kiko.
Hualoaʻa
ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hopena o ka necrosis inā loaʻa kahi hoʻoheheʻe enzymatic o ka ʻiʻo, ka germination o ka ʻiʻo pili i ke koena o ka ʻiʻo make, a hoʻokumu ʻia kahi ʻōpala. Hiki ke ulu nui ka wahi o ka necrosis me ka ʻiʻo pili - ua hoʻokumu ʻia kahi capsule (encapsulation). ʻOiai ma kahi o ka ʻiʻo make, hiki i ka iwi ke hana (ossification).
Me ka hopena maikaʻi ʻole, hiki mai ka fusion purulent, ka mea paʻakikī e ke koko, ka hoʻolaha ʻana o ka manaʻo - ulu ka sepsis.
He mea maʻamau ka make no nā maʻi ischemic, myocardial infarction. Necrosis o ka papa cortical o nā puʻupaʻa, necrosis o ka pancreas (pancreatic necrosis) a me. etc. - nā ʻeha o nā mea ola e alakaʻi i ka make.
lapaʻau
E kūleʻa ka mālama ʻana i kēlā me kēia ʻano necrosis inā ʻike ʻia ka maʻi i ka wā mua. Nui nā ʻano o ka mālama conservative, sparing a me ka hana hana, hiki i kahi loea kiʻekiʻe loa ke hoʻoholo i ka mea i kūpono no ka hopena maikaʻi loa.