I hoʻokahi makahiki i hala aku nei, kahe ka pele mai ka lua pele ʻo Kilauea, he burle, ālai ʻia nā alanui a kahe ʻia ma nā kula o Hawaiʻi. Ua hiki lākou i ke kai, kahi i hui ai ka pele wela me ka wai anuanu o ke kai a nahā aʻela i mau ʻāpana aniani a me nā ʻōpala, a lilo i one.
ʻO kēia ke ʻano o nā kahakai hou, e like me Pohoiki, he kahakai one ʻeleʻele e holo ana no 1000 kapuaʻi ma ka Mokupuni Nui o Hawaii. ʻAʻole maopopo ka poʻe ʻepekema e noiʻi ana i kēia wahi inā ua hoʻokumu koke ʻia ke kahakai ma hope koke o ka pele ʻana o ka lua pele o Mei 2018 a i ʻole ka hana mālie ʻana i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka maʻalili o ka pele i ʻAukake, akā ʻo ka mea a lākou i ʻike maopopo ai ma hope o ka nānā ʻana i nā laʻana i lawe ʻia mai ke kahakai hānau hou. haumia ʻia me nā haneli ʻāpana liʻiliʻi o ka plastik.
ʻO ke kahakai ʻo Pohoiki he mea hōʻoia hou aʻe ka nui o ka plastic i kēia mau lā, ʻoiai ma nā kahakai maʻemaʻe a maʻemaʻe.
ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā ʻāpana microplastic ma mua o ʻelima mau millimeters i ka nui a ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o ke one. I ka ʻike maka ʻole, ʻike ʻole ke kahakai ʻo Pohoiki.
“Maikaʻi loa ia,” wahi a Nick Vanderzeel, he haumāna ma ke Kulanui o Hawaiʻi ma Hilo nāna i ʻike i ka plastic ma kahakai.
Ua ʻike ʻo Vanderzeal i kēia kahakai he manawa kūpono e aʻo ai i nā waihona hou i hoʻopilikia ʻole ʻia e ka mana kanaka. Ua hōʻiliʻili ʻo ia i 12 mau laʻana mai nā wahi like ʻole ma kahakai. Me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka hopena o ka zinc chloride, ʻoi aku ka ʻoi aʻe o ka ʻiʻo a ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o ke one, ua hiki iā ia ke hoʻokaʻawale i nā ʻāpana— lana ka plastic i luna i ka wā i piholo ai ke one.
Ua ʻike ʻia, ma ka awelika, no kēlā me kēia 50 grams o ke one, he 21 mau ʻāpana plastik. ʻO ka hapa nui o kēia mau mea palaka he microfibers, nā lauoho maikaʻi i hoʻokuʻu ʻia mai nā lole synthetic maʻamau e like me polyester a i ʻole nylon, wahi a Vanderzeel. Komo lākou i loko o ke kai ma o ka ʻōpala i holoi ʻia mai loko mai o nā mīkini holoi, a i ʻole i kaʻawale ʻia mai nā lole o ka poʻe e ʻau ana i ke kai.
Ua ʻōlelo ka mea noiʻi ʻo Stephen Colbert, he loea kai a me ke kumu aʻoaʻo aʻoaʻo ʻo Vanderzeal, ua holoi ʻia ka plastic e nā nalu a waiho ʻia ma nā kahakai, e hui pū ana me nā ʻāpana one. Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā laʻana i lawe ʻia mai ʻelua mau kahakai ʻē aʻe i hana ʻole ʻia e nā lua pele, ʻo Pohoiki Beach i kēia manawa he 2 mau manawa ka emi ʻana o ka plastic.
Hoʻolālā ʻo Vanderzeel lāua ʻo Colbert e nānā mau i ke kūlana ma ke kahakai ʻo Pohoyki e ʻike inā e piʻi a mau ana ka nui o ka plastic ma luna.
"Makemake au ʻaʻole i loaʻa iā mākou kēia plastik," wahi a Colbert no nā microplastics i nā laʻana o Vanderzeal, "akā ʻaʻole mākou i kāhāhā i kēia ʻike."
"Aia kahi manaʻo aloha e pili ana i kahi kahakai kahakai mamao, maʻemaʻe a paʻa ʻole," wahi a Colbert. “Aohe kahakai e like me keia.”
ʻO nā plastik, me nā microplastics, ke hele nei lākou i nā kahakai o kekahi o nā kahakai mamao loa o ka honua i hele ʻole ʻia e ke kanaka.
Hoʻohālikelike pinepine ka poʻe ʻepekema i ke ʻano o ke kai i kēia manawa me ka sopa plastik. ʻO nā microplastics ka nui o nā wahi āpau a ua ua lākou mai ka lewa ma nā wahi mauna mamao a pau i kā mākou paʻakai papaʻaina.
ʻAʻole maopopo i ke ʻano o ka hoʻopili ʻana o kēia keu o ka plastic i nā kaiaola kai, akā manaʻo ka poʻe ʻepekema hiki ke loaʻa i nā hopena pōʻino no ka holoholona hihiu a me ke olakino kanaka. ʻOi aku ma mua o hoʻokahi manawa, ua holoi ʻia nā mea momona moana nui e like me nā koholā i uka me nā puʻu plastik i loko o ko lākou ʻōpū. I kēia mau lā, ua ʻike ka poʻe ʻepekema e ʻai nā iʻa i nā ʻāpana microplastic i nā lā mua o ke ola.
ʻAʻole like me nā mea plastik nui e like me nā ʻeke a me nā mauʻu i hiki ke ʻohi ʻia a hoʻolei ʻia i loko o ka ʻōpala, nui nā microplastics a ʻike ʻole ʻia e ka maka. Ua ʻike ʻia kahi noiʻi hou e noho mau ana ka miliona o nā ʻāpana plastik ma nā kahakai ma hope o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana.
Ua hui pū nā pūʻulu mālama e like me ka Hawaiian Wildlife Foundation me nā kulanui e hoʻomohala i nā mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe kahakai e hana maoli ana e like me ka ʻūhā, omo ʻana i ke one a hoʻokaʻawale i nā microplastics. Akā ʻo ke kaumaha a me ke kumukūʻai o ia mau mīkini, a me ka pōʻino a lākou e hana ai i ke ola microscopic ma nā kahakai, ʻo ia ka mea hiki ke hoʻohana wale ʻia e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i nā kahakai haumia loa.
ʻOiai ua hoʻopiha ʻia ʻo Pohoiki i ka palaka, he lōʻihi nō kona hele ʻana ma mua o ka hiki ke hoʻokūkū me nā wahi e like me ke kahakai ʻōpala kaulana ma Hawaii.
Manaʻo ʻo Vanderzeel e hoʻi i Pokhoiki i kēia makahiki aʻe e ʻike ai inā e loli ke kahakai a me ke ʻano o nā hoʻololi e hiki mai ana, akā ʻōlelo ʻo Colbert i kāna noiʻi mua ʻana ua hōʻike mua ʻia ke ʻano o ka haumia kahakai i kēia manawa.