ʻO Ascaris kahi ilo-parasite poepoe e noho ana i loko o ka ʻōpū liʻiliʻi o ke kanaka a hoʻonāukiuki i ka ulu ʻana o kahi maʻi e like me ka ascariasis i loko ona. He paʻakikī ke ola o ka parasite, ʻoiai ʻaʻole ia e koi i nā pūʻali lehulehu. Hiki i ka ilo ke ola i loko o ke kino kanaka.
ʻOiai ke kaʻina hana paʻakikī o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i kahi ilo mai kahi hua i waiho ʻia, hoʻolaha ʻia ka ascariasis ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa. Wahi a ka WHO, ʻo ka awelika o ka poʻe i maʻi ʻia e kokoke ana i 1 biliona mau kānaka. ʻAʻole hiki ke loaʻa nā hua Ascaris ma nā wahi permafrost a ma nā wao maloʻo.
ʻO ke kumumanaʻo o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka pōʻai ola roundworm penei:
Ma hope o ka hoʻoulu ʻana, hoʻokuʻu ʻia nā hua roundworm i waho me nā feces. Ma hope o kekahi manawa, hāʻule lākou i ka lepo, kahi e hoʻomaka ai e oʻo. I mea e hiki ai ke hoʻouka ʻia nā hua manu e nā kānaka, pono e hoʻokō ʻia nā ʻano ʻekolu: ʻoi aku ka wai o ka lepo kiʻekiʻe (makemake nā roundworms i ka lepo silty, pālolo a me ka lepo chernozem), kona ea maikaʻi a me ka wela ambient kiʻekiʻe. Ma ka lepo, mālama nā hua i ko lākou hiki no ka manawa lōʻihi. Aia nā hōʻike e hiki ke noho ola no 7 mau makahiki. No laila, inā e hoʻokō ʻia nā kūlana āpau, a laila ma hope o 14 mau lā i ka lepo, e mākaukau nā hua ascaris no ka hoʻouka kaua kanaka.
Kapa ʻia ka pae aʻe ʻo ka pae larval. ʻO ka mea ʻoiaʻiʻo ma hope koke o ka ulu ʻana, ʻaʻole hiki i ka larva ke hoʻopili i ke kanaka, pono ia e hele i ke kaʻina o ka molting. Ma mua o ka molting, aia i loko o ka hua he larva o ka makahiki mua, a ma hope o ka molting, he larva o ka makahiki ʻelua. Ma keʻano laulā, i ke kaʻina o ka neʻe ʻana, hana nā larvae roundworm i 4 molts.
Ke komo ka larva infective, i hoʻopuni ʻia e nā pūpū pale, i loko o ka ʻōpū o ke kanaka, pono ia e hoʻopau iā lākou. ʻO ka luku ʻana o ka ʻiʻo hua i loko o ka duodenum. I mea e hoʻoheheʻe ai ka papa pale, e koi ʻia kahi kiʻekiʻe o ka carbon dioxide, kahi acidity kūlohelohe o pH 7 a me kahi mahana o +37 degere Celsius. Inā e hoʻokō ʻia kēia mau ʻano ʻekolu, a laila e paʻa kahi ʻōpala microscopic mai ka hua. ʻO ka liʻiliʻi o kona nui e kahe ana ma ka mucosa ʻōpū me ka pilikia ʻole a komo i ke kahe koko.
Hoʻokomo ka larvae i nā kīʻaha venous, a laila, me ke kahe o ke koko, hele lākou i ka vein portal, i ka atrium ʻākau, i ka ventricle o ka puʻuwai, a laila i ka pūnaewele capillary o nā māmā. A hiki i ka manawa e komo ai nā larvae o ascaris mai ka ʻōpū i loko o nā capillaries pulmonary, e hala ka awelika o ʻekolu mau lā. I kekahi manawa, hiki i kekahi o nā larvae ke noho i loko o ka puʻuwai, i ke ake a me nā ʻano ʻē aʻe.
Mai nā capillaries o ke akemāmā, komo nā larvae i loko o ka alveoli, kahi i hana ai i ka ʻiʻo māmā. Aia ma laila nā kūlana maikaʻi loa no kā lākou ulu hou ʻana. I loko o ka alveoli, hiki i ka larvae ke noho no 8-10 mau lā. I loko o kēia manawa, hele lākou i ʻelua mau molts, ʻo ka mua ma ka lā 5 a i ʻole 6, a ʻo ka lua ma ka lā 10.
Ma ka paia o ka alveoli, komo ka larva i loko o ka bronchioles, i ka bronchi a i loko o ka trachea. ʻO ka cilia, ka mea e laina mānoanoa i ka trachea, e hāpai i nā ʻōnohi i luna i ka larynx me kā lākou ʻoni ʻana. Ma ke ʻano like, loaʻa i ka mea maʻi kahi cough reflex, e kōkua ana i kā lākou hoʻolei ʻana i loko o ka waha waha. Ma laila, ʻai hou ʻia nā ʻōpuʻu me ka kohu a komo hou i loko o ka ʻōpū, a laila i loko o ka ʻōpū.
Mai kēia manawa i ka pōʻai ola, hoʻomaka ka hoʻokumu ʻana o kahi kanaka makua piha. Kapa nā kauka i kēia māhele ʻo ka ʻāpana ʻōpū. He nui loa ka larvae e komo hou ana i loko o ka ʻōpū ʻaʻole hiki ke hele i loko o kona mau pores. Eia kekahi, ua lawa ka mobility e hiki ai ke noho i loko, e kū'ē ana i nā fecal mass. E lilo i ascaris makua ma hope o 2-3 mau mahina. Ua hoʻokumu ʻia e ʻike ʻia ka paʻa mua o nā hua i 75-100 mau lā ma hope o ke komo ʻana o ka hua i loko o ke kino kanaka.
I mea e hiki mai ai ka fertilization, pono ke kāne a me ka wahine i loko o ka ʻōpū. Ma hope o ka waiho ʻana o ka wahine i nā hua i hoʻomākaukau ʻia, e puka mai lākou, me nā feces, e hāʻule i loko o ka lepo a kali i ka manawa kūpono no ka hoʻouka hou ʻana. Ke hana ʻia kēia, e hoʻi hou ka pōʻaiapuni o ke ola o ka ilo.
Ma ke ʻano maʻamau, e like me kēia hoʻolālā e kū ai ke ola o nā roundworms. Eia naʻe, ua wehewehe ʻia nā pōʻai atypical o ko lākou ola. ʻO ia hoʻi, ʻaʻole e hoʻololi mau ka ʻāpana ʻōpū i ka neʻe. I kekahi manawa, hiki i nā ʻūlū ke noho i loko o ke ake a make i laila. Eia kekahi, i ka wā o ka maʻi nui, nui ka nui o nā larvae e puka mai me ka mucus i loko o ke kaiapuni o waho. A ma mua o ka oʻo ʻana, make lākou.
He mea pono ke hoʻomaopopo i hiki ke noho i kekahi mau larvae Ascaris i loko o nā kino ʻē aʻe no ka manawa lōʻihi, e hōʻike ana i nā hōʻailona ʻano. ʻO Ascariasis o ka puʻuwai, ka māmā, ka lolo a me ke ake he mea weliweli loa ia ʻaʻole no ke olakino wale nō, akā no ke ola kanaka. ʻOiaʻiʻo, i ke kaʻina o ka neʻe ʻana, ʻoiai me ka ʻole o ka noho ʻana i loko o nā kino, hoʻonāukiuki nā larvae i ke ʻano o nā infiltrates inflammatory a me nā wahi micronecrosis i loko o ke ake a me nā māmā. He mea maʻalahi ke noʻonoʻo i ka mea e hiki mai ana i nā kino ola o ke kanaka inā e noho ka ilo i loko.
ʻO ka parasitization o ascaris i loko o ka ʻōpū ke kumu o ka immunosuppression, kahi hopena maikaʻi ʻole i ke ʻano o nā maʻi maʻi ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka hopena, loaʻa ke kanaka i ka maʻi lōʻihi a pinepine.
Noho ka ilo poepoe makua iloko o ka opu no ka makahiki hookahi, a make ia i ka elemakule. No laila, inā ʻaʻole i loaʻa ka maʻi hou i hoʻokahi makahiki, a laila e luku ʻo ascariasis iā ia iho.