Contents
Ua hānau ʻia ʻo Paul Gauguin (1848-1903) ma Paris, kahi i male ai ʻo ia a lilo i mea hoʻolimalima. Akā ʻo ke ola o kahi kanaka "maʻamau", ʻaʻole ia i ola lōʻihi. Emo ole, no ke kumu maopopo ole, lalau iho la ia i ka pulupulu a hoomaka e pena, a i ka hopena, ua hoike piha ia kona ano hana.
Ua haʻaleleʻo Paul Gauguin i kānaʻoihana, haʻalele i kāna wahine a hele i Haiti, kahi i hoʻomaka aiʻo ia e hana i nā hanaʻoihana. ʻOiai ʻaʻole i noʻonoʻo koʻikoʻi ka poʻe o kēia wā i kāna hana, a ua hoʻomāʻewaʻewa ka poʻe hoʻohewa a me nā mea nūpepa iā ia, ua hoʻomau ʻo ia i ka hana.
ʻO Paul Gauguin, i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o kāna huakaʻi, ua hana ʻo ia i ka mana o ka impressionism, a ma hope ua hoʻololi i ka synthetism a me ka cloisonism. I loko o nā kiʻi pena kaulana, i pena ʻia ma Haiti, hoʻohana ka mea pena kiʻi i nā kala maʻemaʻe a nani loa, a ʻo kāna mau heroine he mau kaikamahine hapa ʻole i loko o ka tropics.
He nui nā kiʻi pena ʻo Paul Gauguin aʻu e makemake ai e kamaʻilio e pili ana i nā hola, akā i kēia manawa e nānā wikiwiki i ka mea kaulana loa?
10 Laau ma ka Pa Mahiai (1874)
Ua kākau ʻo Paul Gauguin i ka hana "Tree in the farmyard" i ka makahiki 1874, ua kapa ʻia kona ʻano he Impressionism (ka mea i hana ai ka mea pena i kona mau makahiki ʻōpio). Hōʻike ke kāwele i ke kauwela: kokoke i ka lani holoʻokoʻa e "uhi ʻia" me nā ao a me he mea lā e ua koke.
Ua like ka Impressionism me ka haʻalulu o nā lau, ka hanu o ka makani, ka ʻālohilohi o nā kukuna o ka lā ma ka ʻili o ke kai… ʻO ke kumu maoli o ke ala a Paul Gauguin i koho ai, ʻo ia ka hōʻike ʻana i ka loli maoli a puni.
Ua makemake ka mea pena kiʻi e "hoʻōla" i kāna mau hana, e hoʻopiha iā lākou me ka loli maoli. Pono e'ōleloʻia ma ka pena "A Tree in the Farm Yard", ua lanakila ka mea pena kaulana.
9. Ma lalo o nā kumulāʻau Mango ma Martinique (1887)
Ua makemake ʻo Paul Gauguin i ka wā kamaliʻi no nā wahi exotic a ua manaʻo ʻo ia he "maʻi". I ka makahiki 1891, ha'alele 'o ia i kāna wahine, hele 'o ia i Haiti, kahi āna i kākau ai i nā hana maika'i loa.
Ua kākau ʻia ʻo "Ma lalo o nā Mango Trees in Martinique". I ka makahiki 1887, pilikia kālā ka mea pena, no laila pono ʻo ia e hele i ʻAmelika e hana.
I ka hoʻi ʻana mai, ʻike ka mea pena kaulana iā Martinka, a ʻaʻole hiki iā ia ke pale aku i ke ʻano o ka mokupuni. Inā ʻaʻole no ka hoʻoholo ʻana o Paul Gauguin e kū ma kēia mokupuni, ʻaʻole i hana ʻia kahi ʻano hana kupanaha!
No 4 mahina ma kēia mokupuni, ua hana ʻo ia i 12 kiʻi pena. ʻO ka nānā nui ʻana i ke kiʻi pena "Ma lalo o nā kumulāʻau Mango ma Martinique" e huki ʻia e kahi ʻāpana polū ma kahi mamao - hōʻailona kēia kala i ka mālie a me ka maluhia.
8. He lili anei ʻoe? (1892)
ʻO nā kiʻi pena i hana ʻia ma Oceania e lawe i ka ʻuhane o kahi honua nani ʻole, akā nani no ka mea nānā.. Ua haʻi maikaʻi ʻo Gauguin i kāna mau canvases i ka manaʻo o ka paradaiso a me nā kānaka holoʻokoʻa. He nani, olakino a noho like me ke ʻano.
ʻO ka hōʻikeʻike o 1893, kahi i paʻi ʻia ai ka pena "He lili ʻoe?" ua hōʻike ʻia i mua o ka lehulehu, ua ʻakaʻaka wale ʻo ia. Ua hoʻopiʻi ʻia ʻo Gauguin no ka barbarism a me ka anarchism, akā ua hoʻāʻo wale ka mea pena i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo e like me ka hiki i kāna hana kiʻi, i ka wā i haʻalele ai kekahi i ka mea a lākou i hoʻomaka ai.
Hōʻike maikaʻi ke kiʻi i ka hauʻoli a me ka maluhia i loaʻa i nā wahine Tahiti. “He lili anei ʻoe?” Ua kākau ʻia i ka wā o Gauguin i noho mua ai ma Tahiti, i ka makahiki 1982.
7. Nā Miserables (1888)
ʻO ke kiʻi ponoʻī i hoʻolaʻa ʻia iā Vincent van Gogh (1853-1890), pena ʻia e Paul Gauguin ma mua koke o kona hōʻea ʻana i Arles, he ʻano hoʻokūkū pāʻani ma waena o nā mea pena kiʻi. Ua kuhikuhi ʻo Paul Gauguin i ka mea nānā iā Jean Valjean, ka meʻe o ka moʻolelo na Victor Hugo (1802-1885), he lawehala mua.
E like me kāu e manaʻo ai, ʻaʻole maʻalahi kona hopena ... Ua makemake ʻo Paul Gauguin e hōʻike iā ia iho he kipi ikaika i hiki ʻole ke loaʻa i kona wahi i loko o ka hui o ka bourgeoisie. No ka hoʻonuiʻana i ka hopena, ua hoʻololiʻo ia i kona mau maka mai ke kikowaena o ke kiʻi i ka hema, e hehi ana ma luna o nā kuʻuna a pau o ka pena.
Eia kekahi, aia kekahi hapa o ka maka i ka malu, a ʻo kekahi e hoʻomālamalama ʻia e ka lā. No ka ʻike: ma kēia ʻano hana o ka hana kiʻi pilikino, heluhelu ʻia ke ʻano ʻelua o Paul Gauguin. Ua makemake paha ʻo ia e hōʻike iā ia iho.
6. Lā o ke Akua (1894)
Ua pena ʻo Paul Gauguin i ka The Day of the Deity in 1984, i kēia manawa i ka Art Institute of Chicago.. Eia nā kumu hoʻoikaika no ka mea pena. Ua ʻaʻahu ʻia nā wahine Tahiti i ke keʻokeʻo - ua like ko lākou ʻaʻahu me nā kiʻi hula o ʻAigupita. Me he mea lā e lana ana lākou i ka lewa!
A ua hōʻike ʻia ke akua taaroa (ke kikowaena o ke kiʻi) e like me nā moʻolelo a Gauguin i hoihoi ai.
He nani nō hoʻi ka wai i ke kiʻi - ua hoʻopiha ʻia me nā ʻano amoebic. He mea hiki wale nō kēia i nā palapala i hoʻolālā ʻia e hoʻopiha i ke kiʻi me kahi ʻano ʻano.
5. Pears and Grapes (1872)
ʻO ke ola mau "Pears a me nā hua waina" - ʻo ia ka mea mua o nā hana a Paul Gauguin i ka hōʻiliʻili o ka mea pena Farani.. Ua ʻike nā mea noiʻi i kēia hana i nā hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona o ka impressionism, a me ka hōʻike kūpono o ka plasticity a me ka decorativeness.
Hōʻike ka canvas i kahi kumu maʻalahi loa: nā hua ma ka papaʻaina. Olinolino ka pea, a ua oo ka huawaina. Manaʻo ʻia ua piha ka wahi e hoʻopuni ana i ka hua i ka mālamalama - "hanu", alohilohi!
Hoʻopili ʻia ka haku mele holoʻokoʻa me kahi clot o ke kaupaona ʻole. Ua pena ka mea pena i kēia kiʻi ma ka ʻuhane o ka impressionism, kahi kokoke loa iā ia.
4. ʻIke ma hope o ka haʻiʻōlelo (1888)
Ma hope o ka neʻe ʻana i ka moku Farani a noho i kahi manawa ma laila, ua ʻōlelo ʻo Paul Gauguin he kūlohelohe a ʻoi aku ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o ka poʻe kūloko, ʻaʻole hiki ke ʻōlelo ʻia e pili ana i nā kamaʻāina o ke kapikala. Ua lilo ka lewa Breton i ana i mea hooikaika no ke kakau ana i ka Vision After the Sermon..
Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka hana e kāna ʻano hana maʻamau, ua māhele ʻia i 2 mau ʻāpana: he honua noʻonoʻo a he honua maoli. Hōʻike ʻo Gauguin ma ke kāwele e pule ana i ke kua i kahi hiʻohiʻona noʻonoʻo - ua hakakā ʻo Iakoba me kahi ʻānela. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka canvas i ʻelua ʻāpana e ka lāʻau: ua hoʻomalu ʻia e nā kala hohonu a momona.
No ka ʻike: Ua ʻaiʻē ʻo Paul Gauguin i ka hopena hoʻokaʻawale mai nā kiʻi kiʻi Iapana, kahi i hoʻoikaika ai iā ia e hana i nā kiʻi i ke kaʻina o ka mokomoko.
3. Wahine Mahiai Breton (1886)
Ma ke kāwele o Paul Gauguin, ʻike mākou i nā wahine mahiʻai Breton 4 i ʻaʻahu ʻia i nā lole ʻulaʻula.. Ke kamaʻilio nei lāua me ke kū ʻana i ka pā, a ma hope e ʻike ʻoe i kahi mahiʻai e hele ana ma kekahi ʻaoʻao.
ʻAʻohe pae i ke kiʻi - ʻike ʻia kēia hopena ma muli o ka wahine ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau - ke kū nei ʻo ia me ke kūlou ʻana i lalo. ʻO nā paʻi i kahakiʻiʻia e ka mea pena he manuahi, akā ua hoʻopiliʻia nā laina nui, e hoʻokaʻawale i nāʻano a hoʻonui i nā kala waiwai.
Eia kekahi,ʻo nā kola keʻokeʻo ma luna o nā wāhine, e kau wale ana ma nāʻaoʻao a pau, e lilo i mau kiko kiko'ī.
2. Hauoli (1892)
ʻO kēia kiʻi ka Haiti noʻonoʻo a ka mea kākau. Ua ʻike ʻo ia iā ia pēlā. Me kekahi kaikamahine ʻē aʻe, noho ʻo Tehomana ma kahi lāʻau a nānā me ke ʻano melancholy. Hoʻokani ke kaikamahine i ka ʻohe, kahi e hana ai i ka hopena o ka maluhia.
Ma hope, hāʻawi ke kanaka i kāna mau mōhai, maopopo he manaʻoʻiʻo ʻo ia. Akā ʻo ka mea i ʻike nui ʻia ke kala. ʻO ka pena "Joy" na Gauguin he lokahi loa.
Ua haʻi ʻo Paul Gauguin i kāna hana ma ke ʻano he mele āna i hana ai me nā kala a me nā laina. Ua kiʻi ka mea pena i ka hoʻoikaika ʻana mai ke ʻano, waiwai i nā kala a me nā ʻano.
1. ʻĀnela maikaʻi (1889)
Wahine ma ke kāwele – Maria Angelica Star, ka wahine a Major, No ka mea, ua ʻohi ʻo Gauguin i kahi ʻulaʻula uliuli, a hoʻokaʻawale iā ia a puni. Me he kiʻi lā i loko o ke aniani. Aia ma ka ʻaoʻao hema o ka wahine he mummy Peruvian, ʻāpana o ka hōʻiliʻili o ka makuahine o Paul Gauguin.
ʻO nā lole o Angelica e hana i kahi manaʻo o ka exoticism, kahi e kumakaia ai i kona helehelena. Ua ʻike ʻo Van Gogh e nānā ana ka wahine i ka mea pena me he bipi wahine lā.
I kēia ʻōlelo, ua pane ʻo Maria Angelica: "He mea weliweli loa," no ka mea, ua manaʻo nā mea a pau iā ia he kaikamahine nani loa ma ia wahi. I ka pau ʻana o ka hana a Gauguin a hōʻike iā Mary, hoʻolei ʻo ia i ke kiʻi i kona alo.