La hoʻonaʻauao transpersonal hoihoi i ” mokuʻāina maʻamau ʻole ʻO ka ʻike: ecstasy, ka manaʻo o ka pili ʻana me ke Universe, ka ʻike nui o ke kino o loko, mysticism, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. pono kiʻekiʻe o ke kanaka. E like me kona inoa e hōʻike nei, ʻo ka aho- pili pono i nā mea i loaʻa ma waho o ke ʻano, kona hoʻonohonoho ʻana a me kona honua liʻiliʻi.

Ma ke ʻano he hoʻomaʻamaʻa, ua loaʻa i kēia psychology ke kumu " ʻike piha ” o ke kanaka. Ua hopohopo, no ka laʻana, me nā haunaele i loaʻa mai i ka hoʻopaʻa ʻia ʻana o ka manaʻo "palena ʻole" o ka ʻike i loko o nā hale liʻiliʻi o ka ego - e like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia i nā manawa o nā pilikia existential a i ʻole nā ​​​​mea i kapa ʻia ʻo crises. o ka puka uhane.

Le ka neʻe ʻana o ke kanaka ʻoi aku ma mua o ke ʻano o ka noʻonoʻo pilikino e hoʻopā i nā ʻāpana āpau o ka hana kanaka i hiki ke hoʻoulu ʻia e kahi manaʻo kapu o ka honua: hoʻokele waiwai, ecology, philosophy, etc.

Ke panalā o hoʻonaʻauao transpersonal ʻAʻole ia he "mea hou" no ka mea ua ʻimi nui ʻia e nā kuʻuna hikina a me shamanic. Nui ka poʻe akeakamai o Helene kahiko i makaʻala iā ia. Mai ka hiʻohiʻona o Western Western, nā mea manaʻo nui a me nā mea noiʻi o ke kenekulia XNUMX^e kenekulia, e like me Carl Jung, Emmanuel Mounier¹ a me Roberto Assagioli² (ka mea nāna i hoʻokumu i ka psychosynthesis), he mau kuhikuhi kumu. Akā aia kekahi mau hanana kūikawā o nā 1960s i hoʻoholo i kona puka ʻana. ʻO ka mea mua, ua hoʻokumu ʻo Abraham Maslow (1908-1970) i ​​kāna mea kaulana pyramid o nā pono kanaka.³

ʻIke ʻia i kēia manawa a puni ka honua, hōʻike ia i nā pono maʻamau i nā kānaka āpau i kahi holomua hierarchical ma nā pae 5, ʻo ka mea kiʻekiʻe loa " e piʻi like “A i ʻole ka” hoʻoholomua iho “. E pili ana kēia ʻano i ka manaʻo e hoʻopaʻa i kona hiki a me nā talena, e "ulu", e hoʻomohala i kona hiki (no laila nā huaʻōlelo o kēia manawa o "ke ulu pilikino" a me "ka neʻe ʻana o ka pono kanaka").

Ua hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻo Maslow i kēia pae hope e hoʻohui i nā manaʻo o " transendena "A i ʻole" transendena “. Ua manaʻo kekahi mau mea noʻonoʻo e hana i kahi 6^e pae ʻokoʻa ma luna o ka pyramid^4-5 . Ua wehewehe ʻia kēia pae e ka manaʻo e ola i nā ʻike o ka lokahi me ka Cosmos a me ke aloha ʻole no ke kanaka.

I ka makahiki 1969, loaʻa ʻo Abraham Maslow iā ia Nūpepa o Transpersonal Psychology, ʻoiai ua hoʻokumu ʻia ka Association for Transpersonal Psychology, 2 mau makahiki ma hope, ma hope o kona make ʻana (e ʻike i nā Pūnaewele hoihoi). ʻO ka mikiona o kēia hui, ʻo ia, a i kēia manawa, e hāʻawi i wahi hoʻololi no nā mea noiʻi a me nā loea o ka neʻe transpersonal, a me ka paipai ʻana i kahi ʻikeke ao holoʻokoʻa me he mea laa.

Eia kekahi, i ka manawa a Maslow e hana ana i kāna noiʻi, ua wehe ʻia ka "keena hoʻonaʻauao ʻokoʻa" ma kahakai o Kaleponi. Esalen, ka mea e lilo i "Meka" o ka transpersonal exploration. He mau haneli ʻepekema, mea pena a me nā haku ʻuhane i noho ma laila i kekahi manawa a i ʻole. Ua alakaʻi mākou i nā papa haʻawina e pili ana i nā hana lapaʻau hou loa a me nā ʻano noiʻi ʻuhane āpau, ʻoi aku hoʻi me nā ʻuhane hikina. Nui nā ala psychospiritual i ala mai i kēia mau hālāwai eclectic.

No ka noʻonoʻo ʻana i ka neʻe ʻana, ua alualu nui ʻia e Charles Tart, ke kaukaʻi noʻonoʻo ma ke Kulanui o Kaleponi ma Davis; na Stanislav Grof, psychiatrist a me ka mea nāna i hana i ka hanu holotropic; na Roger Walsh, ke kumu o ke akeakamai; a na Ken Wilber, he kanaka akeakamai naauao, oia no ke kumu manao nui.

Pono e ʻōlelo ʻia, e ʻimi ana e ʻimi i nā ʻano like ʻole hōʻike o ka ʻike, Ua makemake nui ka neʻe transpersonal i nā hanana paranormal: nā hōʻike o ka poʻe i manaʻoʻiʻo ua ʻaihue ʻia e nā extraterrestrials, nā ʻike kokoke i ka make, premonition, telepathy, shamanic practices, etc.

La hoʻonaʻauao transpersonal ʻaʻole i kaupalena ʻia i nā pilikia pilikino. ʻAʻole ia e pāʻani nui ma ka ʻāina o ka ego, akā ma kahi e nalowale ai ke kālā a hāʻawi i kona wahi mana. Inā, i loko o ka Classical psychology, ka Ke Ana ho'ohālike ʻO nā kāne a me nā wahine i kūleʻa, hoʻoikaika, maikaʻi, hoʻohui pū ʻia i ka pilikanaka, ʻo ka poʻe transpersonal he poʻe haipule, naʻauao a me nā koa o ke kanaka. ʻAʻole kēia manaʻo e hōʻole kēia ala i ke koʻikoʻi o ke kālā olakino, akā ʻaʻole: mai nā kumu paʻa a kaulike e hiki ai i ke kanaka ke hiki i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe.

Selon Ken Wilber⁶, "ʻO ka weheʻana o kaʻike" he mea maʻamau a maʻamau: primitive i nā keiki, ulu mālie kaʻike, hele i ke kahua o kaʻikeʻana me ke kālā, a laila hiki iā ia ke wehe i ka hana a pau, e like me kā Carl Jung i wehewehe ai i kāna puke. I kona pae hope loa o ka hoʻomohala ʻana, ua like ka ʻike me ke ala a i ʻole ka hoʻomālamalama ʻana i ʻōlelo ʻia e nā moʻomeheu mystical.

ʻO ka transpersonal ʻaʻole ia he ala, he hoʻolālā kanaka a me ka honua a puni. Hiki i nā psychotherapists kaʻana like i kēia manaʻo ke lawe i kahi ala maʻamau a ʻae wale i ka nui o ka ʻuhane e noho i kahi kūpono i ka hoʻomohala kanaka. Akā, ʻo ka mea maʻamau, ʻo ka hana transpersonal ka hana i loko o nā kānaka nā mokuʻāina maʻamau ʻole o ka ʻike (Kahea ʻo Maslow iā lākou nā ʻike kiʻekiʻe a i ʻole nā ​​ʻike paroxysmal). Kuhi ʻia kēia mau ʻike e wāwahi i nā palena o ka noʻonoʻo a i ʻole ka manaʻo a hāʻawi i ka ʻike i ka ʻike nui loa o ka ʻoiaʻiʻo.

Hoʻohana ʻia kekahi mau ʻano hana no kēia kumu, ʻo ka hapa nui o lākou i hōʻaiʻē ʻia mai ka hikina a i ʻole ka shamanic kuʻuna uhane: nā ʻano noʻonoʻo like ʻole, hypnosis, nā hula kapu, nā hale hoʻomaha (moe luhi), ʻimi ʻike, hoʻihoʻi hou i nā ola i hala, moeʻuhane, moeʻuhane lucid, hanu a me nā ʻenehana ikehu mai ka yoga a i ʻole Qi Gong, hana me nā kuʻuna, hanu holotropic, art therapy, creative visualization, sophrology, rebirth, etc.

Ka hapa nui o kēia mau oaoieei- ua ikaika a pono e hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia ma kahi kūlana kūpono a palekana. Pono ka psychotherapist e kōkua i ke kanaka e hoʻokaʻawale i kāna mau ʻike a hoʻohui iā lākou. No laila, pono mākou e koho pono i ka lāʻau lapaʻau a mākou e makemake ai e hoʻomaka i kahi huakaʻi.

E hoomanao nae nā ʻike transcendent hiki ke hana wale ʻia ma muli o nā hanana kūlohelohe, e like me ka noho ʻana i mua o kahi ʻāina a i ʻole kahi hana noʻeau o ka nani nui, ka ʻike ʻana i ka hānau ʻana o kahi keiki a i ʻole ka make ʻana o kahi mea aloha. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka hula, ka hīmeni ʻana, ka haʻuki, ka ʻepekema, ka wiwo ʻole a me ke kūpaʻa kekahi mau ala e komo ai i kēia ʻano ʻike.

ʻOiai he mau mea noiʻi nui a me nā mea kākau, ʻo ka hoʻonaʻauao transpersonal mau palena. ʻAʻole ia i aʻo ʻia i loko o nā kula psychology o ke kulanui a me nā kauoha ʻoihana o nā psychologists ʻike pinepine i nā hana e pili ana me ia. Pono e ʻōlelo ʻia, i loko o ka psychology "official", aia kahi hanana existential / humanist orientation e manaʻo nei i ka hoʻokō ʻana iā ʻoe iho, akā me ka ʻole o ka hana e pili ana i ka ʻimi no ka transcendence.

ʻOi aku ka manaʻo o ka psychology Transpersonal i nā poʻe:

• ka poe makemake e makaikai a hooiaio i ko lakou manao hohonu;
• en pilikia kūpilikiʻi a i ʻole e noho ana a hoʻololi nui (ka hoʻomaha ʻana, ka hemo ʻana, ka manaʻo hou, ka make ʻana o kahi mea aloha, etc.);
• i ke kaʻina o ka ho'ōla;
• ma ke kaʻina hana a i ʻole ka pilikia uhane;
• e paio nei me lama (ʻona, lāʻau lapaʻau, pilina). No ka neʻe ʻana o ka transpersonal, hiki i nā mea hoʻohui ke lilo i "hōʻike maikaʻi ʻole" o ka make wai no ka hui ʻana me ka "kumu i loko".

• ʻAʻole hiki i nā ʻenehana psychology transpersonal wale nō ke pane kūpono no ka poʻe e noho ana pilikia pili kino. He mea pono ke oi aku ia ia iho, aka, he mea pono ia e like me ka poe nana i kakau i keia neʻe, hiki ke hoʻokō wale ʻia ke ʻano o nā pae ʻē aʻe, ma ka liʻiliʻi loa.
• ʻOiai e hāpai ana i ka lanakila ʻana, paipai ʻia ka psychology transpersonal akahele a me ka ʻike i nā palena kikoʻī i ko kākou ʻano kanaka. Ke aʻo mai nei ia iā mākou e hoʻokō i ka pilina me ke ao holoʻokoʻa, ʻo ke ʻano incarnate e pono ai mākou e launa mua me ia iho.

ʻAʻole hoʻohana nā psychotherapist a i ʻole nā ​​​​mea hoʻomaʻamaʻa e pili ana i ka ʻike transpersonal i kēia huaʻōlelo a ʻaʻole pinepine lākou e hōʻike iā lākou iho ma lalo o kēia lepili. Hiki ke loaʻa iā lākou ma nā hana i hoʻonohonoho ʻia, e like me nā papa hana hānau hou a i ʻole nā ​​​​ʻimi ʻike, a i ʻole ma ke kelepona ʻana i kekahi o nā hui i ʻōlelo ʻia ma nā Sites of Interest.

ʻO ka Institute of Transpersonal Psychology ma Palo Alto, Kaleponi ke kikowaena mua no ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa transpersonal. Ke hāʻawi nei kēia kula psychology i kahi papahana holoʻokoʻa mai ka makahiki 1975 me nā hiʻohiʻona kuʻuna a me nā kumu kuʻuna ʻole. Hāʻawi pū ke kikowaena i nā papahana hoʻonaʻauao mamao.

Ma Quebec, ka Quebec Transpersonal Psychology Center hoʻokumu ʻia ma 1985 hāʻawi i kahi hoʻomaʻamaʻa o 600 mau hola (18 mahina) me kahi internship hana ma Kaleponi.

ʻO ka Association française du transpersonnel ma Palika he wahi hālāwai no ka poʻe e pili ana i nā ʻano like ʻole o ka hānau hou ʻana i ke kino a me ke kino. Aia pū kekahi me ka Institute of Transpersonal Psychology e hāʻawi ana i nā papa hana like ʻole.

Hiki ke loaʻa nā kikoʻī pili i nā Paena o ka hoihoi.

Descamps Marc-Alain.

Ka mea kākau o kekahi mau puke e pili ana i ke kumuhana, me kēia mau poʻo inoa ʻelua: ʻO ka ʻike transpersonal (ma ka laulima), Éditions Dervy, Palani, 1995 a me ʻO ke ʻano ʻuhane i ka psychotherapy (ma ka laulima), Éditions Somatothérapies, Palani, 1997.

Helu Christina. Makewai no ke ola - ʻImi i ka manaʻo i loko o ka puʻuwai o ka addiction, Souffle d'or, Palani, 1994.

ʻO ka mea kākau ka mea hana pū, me Stanislas Grof, o ke ala hanu holotropic.

Grof Stanislas. Psychology transpersonal, Heluhelu wau, Palani, 2009.

Grof Stanislas. No ka noʻonoʻo o ka wā e hiki mai ana - Ka hoʻololi ʻana a me ka maluhia o loko, Editions Du Rocher, Palani, 2002.

He psychiatrist, he loea ʻo Grof i nā kūlana o ka ʻike.

Pelletier Pierre. Nā lāʻau lapaʻau transpersonal, Editions Fides, Kanada, 1996.

Theologian, philosopher and psychoanalyst, wehewehe maopopo loa ka mea kākau i ke kumu o ka manaʻo transpersonal.

Walsh Roger.

ʻO kēia kauka, ke kaukaʻi o ka psychiatry a me ke akeakamai, he mea noʻonoʻo nui i ka neʻe transpersonal. In ʻO nā ala ala ala (Le jour, hoʻoponopono, Kanada, 2000, unuhi na Ka Uhane Pono), e hōʻike ana i ka manaʻo maʻamau o ka ʻuhane o ka honua a me ʻehiku mau aʻo e alakaʻi ana i ka ʻike ʻana i ke ʻano kapu a me ke akua o ko mākou kino a me ka honua a puni mākou. E nana hoi Ma waho aʻe o ka Ego - ʻO ka loiloi mua loa i ka Psychology hoʻokaʻawale (ma ka laulima me Frances Vaughan), La Table Ronde, Palani, 1984.

Wilber Ken.

Ua paʻi ʻo Wilber i nā puke he iwakālua ma ka ʻōlelo Pelekane, ʻekolu o ia mau puke i unuhi ʻia i ka ʻōlelo Farani: ʻO ka holographic paradigm (Ka Holographic Paradigm), Le jour, mea hoʻopuka, Kanada, 1984; ʻO nā maka ʻekolu o ka ʻike (Maka i ka Maka), Editions Du Rocher, Monaco, 1987; a He moʻolelo pōkole o nā mea a pau (He Moolelo Pokole no na mea a pau), Éditions De Mortagne, Canada, 1997. Ua ʻōlelo ʻia ua lanakila ʻo ia ma mua o kekahi i ka wehe ʻana i ka psychology Western i ka ʻike hohonu o ka naʻauao o nā haku nui.

Hui no Transpersonal Psychology

Hoʻokumu ʻia i ka makahiki 1972, ʻo ia ka hana mua o ka neʻe. Hōʻike pōkole a pololei o nā manaʻo transpersonal. Hoʻopuka ʻo ia i ka Journal of Transpersonal Psychology.

www.atpweb.org

ʻAhahui transpersonnel Farani

ʻO ke alahaka nui o ka neʻe ʻana ma ka honua ʻōlelo Farani ma ʻEulopa. Nui nā kikokikona a me nā kuhikuhi.

www.europsy.org

Quebec Transpersonal Psychology Center

Hoʻokumu ʻia ma 1985, hāʻawi ke kikowaena i ka ʻōlelo aʻo hoʻokahi, nā papa hana hui a me nā hoʻomaʻamaʻa. Aia kekahi mau manaʻo e pili ana i nā ala transpersonal.

www.psychologietranspersonnelle.com

Institute of Transpersonnal Psychology, Palo Alto, Kaleponi

ʻO ka institute, i hoʻokumu ʻia i ka makahiki 1975, ʻoi aku ka ikaika i ka hoʻonaʻauao kūlana a hoʻomau. No ka hoʻomau ʻana i nā mea e hana nei i ka neʻe.

www.itp.edu

ʻO Quebec Society of Professional Psychotherapists

ʻAʻohe hui o ka transpersonal ma Quebec, akā hiki ke loaʻa i kekahi mau loea o kēia neʻe ʻana ma o ke kikowaena o ka hui o nā psychotherapists (type transpersonal in the search engine).

www.sqpp.org