ʻO ka hapa nui o nā lāʻau antibiotic i loaʻa ma ka mākeke i kēia lā mai ka 80s, ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo ka makahiki gula o ka lāʻau antibiotic. Ke ʻike nei mākou i kahi disproportion nui ma waena o ka noi no nā lāʻau hou a me kā lākou lako. I kēia manawa, e like me ka WHO, ua hoʻomaka ka wā post-antibiotic. Kūkākūkā mākou me prof. dr hab. med. Waleria Hryniewicz.

  1. I kēlā me kēia makahiki, ʻo nā maʻi me ka bacteria kū i nā lāʻau antibiotic ke kumu. 700 tausani. make honua
  2. "ʻO ka hoʻohana pono ʻole ʻana a me ka hoʻohana nui ʻana i nā lāʻau antibiotic ʻo ia ka mea i hoʻonui mālie ʻia ka pākēneka o nā maʻi kūpaʻa, e lawe ana i kahi ʻano avalanche mai ka hopena o ke kenekulia i hala" - wahi a Prof. Waleria Hryniewicz
  3. Ua ʻike koke nā ʻepekema ʻepekema o Suedena i nā maʻi bacteria i nā maʻi kanaka, e like me Pseudomonas aeruginosa a me Salmonella enterica, i ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo gar gene, kahi e hoʻoholo ai i ke kūʻē ʻana i kekahi o nā lāʻau antibiotic hou loa - plasomycin.
  4. Wahi a prof. ʻO Hryniewicz ma Polani ka pilikia koʻikoʻi loa i ka lāʻau lapaʻau maʻi ʻO NewDelhi-type carbapenemase (NDM) a me KPC a me OXA-48

Monika Zieleniewska, Medonet: Me he mea lā ke heihei nei mākou i ka bacteria. Ma ka ʻaoʻao hoʻokahi, ke hoʻolauna nei mākou i kahi hanauna hou o nā lāʻau antibiotic me kahi ākea ākea o ka hana, a ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā microorganisms e kū kūʻē iā lākou ...

Prof. Waleria Hryniewicz: ʻO ka mea pōʻino, ua lanakila kēia lāhui e ka bacteria, ʻo ia hoʻi ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka wā post-antibiotic no ka lāʻau lapaʻau. Ua hoʻohana mua ʻia ka huaʻōlelo ma ka "Report on Antibiotic Resistance" i paʻi ʻia e ka WHO i ka makahiki 2014. i kēia manawa, hiki i nā maʻi maʻi ke make ʻaʻole ia he manaʻo apocalyptic, akā he kiʻi maoli.

Ma ka European Union wale nō, he 2015 mau hana ma 33. make ma muli o nā maʻi me nā microorganisms multi-resistant i loaʻa ʻole ka lāʻau lapaʻau kūpono. Ma Polani, ua manaʻo ʻia ka nui o ia mau hihia ma kahi o 2200. Eia naʻe, ua hōʻike koke ʻia ka American Center for Infection Prevention and Control (CDC) ma Atlanta. ma USA ma muli o nā maʻi like ʻole i kēlā me kēia 15 mau minuke. make ka mea mai. Wahi a nā manaʻo o nā mea kākau o ka hōʻike i hoʻomākaukau ʻia e ka hui o ka mea hoʻokele waiwai Pelekane ʻo J. O'Neill, i kēlā me kēia makahiki i ka honua i nā maʻi antibiotic-kūʻē i ke kumu. 700 tausani. make.

  1. E heluhelu pū hoʻi: Hoʻopau nā lāʻau antibiotic i ka hana. ʻAʻohe lāʻau lapaʻau no nā superbugs koke?

Pehea ka wehewehe ʻana o nā ʻepekema i ka pilikia o nā lāʻau antibiotic?

ʻO ka waiwai o kēia hui lāʻau i hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ko mākou makaʻala. I ka hapanui o nā hihia, ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā ʻano kūʻokoʻa me ka hoʻokomo ʻia ʻana o kahi lāʻau antibiotic hou, akā ʻaʻole maʻamau kēia ʻano. Akā, ʻo ia ka mea i ʻike nā microbes i ka pale ʻana iā lākou iho. Ma muli o ka hoʻohana pono ʻole a me ka hoʻohana nui ʻana i nā lāʻau antibiotic, ua piʻi mālie ka pākēneka o nā ʻano kuʻuna, e lawe ana i kahi ʻano like me ka avalanche mai ka hopena o ke kenekulia i hala.. I kēia manawa, ua hoʻokomo ʻia nā lāʻau antibiotic hou, no laila ua nui ka disproportion ma waena o ka noi, ʻo ia hoʻi ke koi ʻana i nā lāʻau hou, a me kā lākou lako. Inā ʻaʻole i lawe koke ʻia nā hana kūpono, hiki ke piʻi a hiki i ka 2050 miliona i kēlā me kēia makahiki ma ka 10.

No ke aha e pōʻino ai ka hoʻohana nui ʻana i nā lāʻau antibiotic?

Pono mākou e hoʻoponopono i kēia pilikia ma nā ʻano ʻekolu. ʻO ka mea mua e pili pono ana i ka hana a kahi antibiotic i ke kanaka. E hoʻomanaʻo e hiki i kēlā me kēia lāʻau ke hana i nā hopena ʻaoʻao. Hiki iā lākou ke maʻalahi, e laʻa me ka nausea, ʻoi aku ka ʻino, akā hiki iā lākou ke hoʻoulu i nā hopena hoʻoweliweli, e like me ka haʻalulu anaphylactic, ʻeha ʻeha a i ʻole nā ​​pilikia puʻuwai.

Eia kekahi, ke hoʻopilikia nei ka lāʻau antibiotic i kā mākou flora bacteria maoli, ma ka mālama ʻana i ke koena o ke ola, pale i ka hoʻonui nui ʻana o nā microorganism pōʻino (e laʻa me Clostridioides difficile, fungi), me nā mea kūʻē i nā lāʻau antibiotic.

ʻO ke kolu o ka hopena maikaʻi ʻole o ka lawe ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau, ʻo ia ka hanauna o ke kū'ē ʻana i waena o kā mākou mea i kapa ʻia he mea maʻamau, aloha aloha e hiki ke hoʻoili iā ia i ka bacteria hiki ke hoʻoulu i nā maʻi koʻikoʻi. Ua ʻike mākou ʻo ke kūʻē ʻana o ka pneumococcal i ka penicillin - kahi kumu kumu nui o nā maʻi kanaka - mai ka streptococcus waha, ka mea maʻamau iā mākou āpau me ka ʻole o ka hoʻopōʻino ʻana iā mākou. Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, ʻo ka maʻi me ka maʻi pneumococcal kūpaʻa ke kau nei i kahi pilikia therapeutic a me epidemiological. Nui nā laʻana o ka hoʻololi interspecific o nā genes resistance, a ʻoi aku ka nui o nā lāʻau antibiotic a mākou e hoʻohana ai, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o kēia kaʻina hana.

  1. E heluhelu pū nō hoʻi: Hiki i nā lāʻau antibiotic maʻamau ke hoʻopilikia i ka naʻau

Pehea e ulu ai ka maʻi bacteria i ke kūʻē ʻana i nā lāʻau ʻokoʻa maʻamau, a pehea ka nui o ka hoʻoweliweli iā mākou?

ʻO nā ʻano hana o ka pale ʻana i ka antibiotic ma ke ʻano he mau kenekulia, ʻoiai ma mua o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka lāʻau lapaʻau. Pono nā microorganism e hana ana i nā lāʻau antibiotic e pale iā lākou iho i ko lākou hopena a, i ʻole e make i kā lākou huahana ponoʻī, ua loaʻa iā lākou. nā genes kū'ē. Eia kekahi, hiki iā lākou ke hoʻohana i nā hana physiological e kū nei e hakakā i nā lāʻau antibiotic: e hana i nā hale hou e hiki ai ke ola, a me ka hoʻomaka ʻana i nā ala biochemical ʻē aʻe inā paʻa maoli ka lāʻau.

Ho'ā lākou i nā ʻano hoʻolālā pale like ʻole, e laʻa me ka pume ʻana i ka lāʻau antibiotic, hoʻōki iā ia mai ke komo ʻana i loko o ke keena, a i ʻole hoʻopau iā ia me nā enzymes hoʻololi a hydrolysing like ʻole. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona maikaʻi loa ʻo ka beta-lactamases ākea loa e hoʻoheheʻe ana i nā pūʻulu koʻikoʻi o nā antibiotic, e like me penicillins, cephalosporins a i ʻole carbapenems.

Ua hōʻoia ʻia ʻO ka wikiwiki o ka puka ʻana a me ka hoʻolaha ʻana o nā maʻi bacteria kūpaʻa e pili ana i ka pae a me ke ʻano o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau antibiotic. I nā ʻāina me nā kulekele antibiotic kaohi, mālama ʻia ke kūʻē ʻana ma kahi pae haʻahaʻa. Aia kēia hui, no ka laʻana, nā ʻāina Scandinavian.

He aha ke ʻano o ka huaʻōlelo "superbugs"?

ʻAʻole hiki i ka bacteria ke pale i nā lāʻau antibiotic he nui, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻaʻole hiki ke loaʻa i nā lāʻau lapaʻau mua a i ʻole laina ʻelua, ʻo ia hoʻi nā lāʻau maikaʻi loa a palekana hoʻi, kū pinepine i nā lāʻau āpau i loaʻa. Ua hoʻohana mua ʻia ka huaʻōlelo i ka methicillin a me vancomycin insensitive multibiotic-resistant strains o staphylococcus aureus. I kēia manawa, hoʻohana ʻia ia e wehewehe i nā ʻano o nā ʻano like ʻole e hōʻike ana i ke kūpaʻa multi-antibiotic.

A me nā pathogens alarm?

He superbugs nā pathogens alarm, a ke hoʻonui mau nei kā lākou helu. ʻO ka ʻike ʻana iā lākou i loko o ka mea maʻi e hoʻāla i kahi ala ala a hoʻokō i nā hana paʻa e pale aku ai i ko lākou laha hou ʻana. Hōʻike nā pathogens Alert i kekahi o nā pilikia olakino nui loa i kēia lāLoaʻa kēia ma muli o nā palena koʻikoʻi o nā hiki therapeutic a me nā ʻano maʻi maʻi nui.

ʻO nā diagnostics microbiological hilinaʻi, nā hui mālama maʻi e hana pono ana a me nā lawelawe epidemiological he kuleana nui i ka kaupalena ʻana i ka laha ʻana o kēia mau maʻi. ʻEkolu mau makahiki i hala aku nei, ʻo ka WHO, e pili ana i ka nānā ʻana i ke kūʻē antibiotic ma nā mokuʻāina, ua hoʻokaʻawale i nā ʻano bacterial multiresistant i ʻekolu mau pūʻulu ma muli o ka wikiwiki o ka hoʻokomo ʻana i nā lāʻau antibiotic hou.

ʻO ka pūʻulu koʻikoʻi koʻikoʻi nā lāʻau ʻōpū, e like me Klebsiella pneumoniae a me Escherichia coli, a me Acinetobacter baumannii a me Pseudomonas aeruginosa, ka mea e kūʻē nui nei i nā lāʻau lapaʻau hope loa. Aia kekahi mycobacterium tuberculosis kū'ē i ka rifampicin. ʻO nā pūʻulu ʻelua e hiki mai ana, me nā staphylococci multiresistant, Helicobacter pylori, gonococci, a me Salmonella spp. a me ka pneumococci.

ʻO ka ʻike e Aia ma kēia papa inoa ka bacteria e pili ana i nā maʻi ma waho o ka haukapila. ʻO ke kūʻē ʻana o ka lāʻau antibiotic ma waena o kēia mau pathogens, ʻo ia paha ke kuhikuhi ʻia nā maʻi maʻi no ka mālama ʻana i ka haukapila. Eia nō naʻe, i loko o nā keʻena olakino, ua kaupalena ʻia ke koho ʻana o ka lāʻau lapaʻau. Ua hoʻokomo ka poʻe ʻAmelika i ka gonococci i ka hui mua ʻaʻole wale no ka nui o ko lākou kūʻē ʻana, akā no ko lākou ala maikaʻi loa o ka hoʻolaha ʻana. No laila, e mālama koke mākou i ka gonorrhea i ka haukapila?

  1. E heluhelu pū hoʻi: ʻO nā maʻi maʻi kino koʻikoʻi

Ua ʻike ka poʻe ʻepekema Suedena i ka hua bacteria ma India i loaʻa kahi ʻano kūʻē antibiotic, ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo gen gar. He aha ia a pehea e hiki ai iā mākou ke hoʻohana i kēia ʻike?

ʻO ka ʻike ʻana o kahi gene gar hou e pili ana me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā mea i kapa ʻia he metagenomics kaiapuni, ʻo ia hoʻi ke aʻo ʻana i nā DNA āpau i loaʻa mai nā kaiapuni kūlohelohe, kahi e hiki ai iā mākou ke ʻike i nā microorganism ʻaʻole hiki iā mākou ke ulu i loko o ka hale hana. ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o ka gene gar he mea hoʻopilikia loa no ka mea e hoʻoholo ai i ke kūʻē ʻana i kekahi o nā lāʻau antibiotic hou loa - plazomycin - hoʻopaʻa inoa i ka makahiki i hala.

Ua kau ʻia nā manaʻolana kiʻekiʻe ma luna o ia mea no ka mea he ikaika loa ia e kūʻē i nā maʻi bacterial kūʻē i nā lāʻau kahiko o kēia hui (gentamicin a me amikacin). ʻO kekahi nūhou maikaʻi ʻē aʻe, aia kēia ʻano ma luna o kahi ʻano genetic mobile i kapa ʻia he integron a hiki ke hoʻolaha ākea, a no laila maikaʻi loa, ma waena o nā ʻano bacteria like ʻole me ka plasomycin.

Ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka gene gar mai ka bacteria koʻikoʻi i nā maʻi kanaka, e like me Pseudomonas aeruginosa a me Salmonella enterica. No ka noiʻi ʻana ma India e pili ana i nā mea i hōʻiliʻili ʻia mai lalo o kahi muliwai kahi i hoʻokuʻu ʻia ai ka lepo. Ua hōʻike lākou i ka hoʻolaha nui ʻana o nā genes kū'ē i ke kaiapuni ma o nā hana kanaka ʻole. No laila, ke noʻonoʻo nei kekahi mau ʻāina i ka disinfecting wai ma mua o ka hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻana i ke kaiapuni. Hoʻomaopopo pū nā mea noiʻi Suedena i ke koʻikoʻi o ka ʻike ʻana i nā genes kū'ē i ke kaiapuni i ka wā mua o ka hoʻokomo ʻana i kekahi antibiotic hou, a ma mua o ka loaʻa ʻana e nā microorganisms.

  1. E heluhelu hou: Ua ʻike ka poʻe ʻepekema mai ke Kulanui o Gothenburg ua pālahalaha ʻia kahi gene i ʻike ʻole ʻia no ke kūʻē antibiotic

Me he mea lā - e like me ka hihia o nā maʻi - pono mākou e makaʻala e pili ana i ka uhaki ʻana i nā pale kaiaola a me nā mākaʻikaʻi intercontinental.

ʻAʻole wale ka mākaʻikaʻi, akā, ʻo nā pōʻino kūlohelohe like ʻole e like me ke olai, ke kai eʻe a me nā kaua. I ka wā e wāwahi ai i ka pale kaiaola e ka bacteria, he kumu hoʻohālike maikaʻi ka piʻi wikiwiki ʻana o ka Acinetobacter baumannii i ko mākou ʻāina.

He pili ia i ke Kaua Kaiwa Mua, kahi i lawe ʻia mai ai i ʻEulopa a me ka US ma muli o ka hoʻi ʻana o nā koa. Ua loaʻa iā ia kahi kūlana maikaʻi o ka noho ʻana ma laila, ʻoi aku hoʻi i ka pōʻaiapili o ka hoʻomehana honua. He microorganism kaiapuni ia, a no laila ua hāʻawi ʻia me nā ʻano hana like ʻole e hiki ai ke ola a hoʻonui. ʻO kēia, no ka laʻana, ke kū'ē i nā lāʻau antibiotic, i nā paʻakai, me nā metala kaumaha, a me ke ola ʻana i nā kūlana haʻahaʻa kiʻekiʻe. ʻO Acinetobacter baumannii kekahi o nā pilikia koʻikoʻi o nā maʻi nosocomial i ka honua i kēia mau lā.

Eia nō naʻe, makemake wau e nānā pono i ka maʻi maʻi, a i ʻole he maʻi maʻi, i pakele pinepine i kā mākou nānā. ʻO ia ka laha ʻana o nā maʻi bacterial multiresistant a me ka laha ākea o nā mea hoʻoholo kū'ē (genes). Kū'ē ke kū'ē ma o ka hoʻololiʻana i ka DNA chromosomal, akā, loaʻa nō hoʻi ka mahalo i ka hoʻololi ʻana o nā genes kū'ē, e laʻa me nā transposon a me nā plasmids conjugation, a me ka loaʻa ʻana o ke kū'ē ma muli o ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka genetic. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi ma nā wahi kahi e hoʻohana nui ʻia ai nā lāʻau antibiotic.

E pili ana i ka hāʻawi ʻana o ka mākaʻikaʻi a me nā huakaʻi lōʻihi i ka hoʻolaha ʻana o ke kū'ē, ʻo ka mea kupanaha loa ka laha ʻana o nā ʻano o nā ʻōpū ʻōpū e hana ana i nā carbapenemases hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe i nā lāʻau āpau beta-lactam, me ka carbapenems, kahi hui o nā lāʻau koʻikoʻi i ka mālama ʻana i nā maʻi koʻikoʻi. nā maʻi maʻi.

Ma Polani, ʻo ka mea maʻamau ka carbapenemase o ka NewDelhi type (NDM), a me KPC a me OXA-48. Ua lawe ʻia mai lākou iā mākou mai India, USA a me ʻApelika ʻĀkau. Loaʻa i kēia mau ʻano nā genes no ke kūʻē ʻana i kekahi mau lāʻau antibiotic ʻē aʻe, ka mea e kaupalena nui ai i nā koho therapeutic, e hoʻokaʻawale ana iā lākou he pathogens alarm. ʻO kēia ka pilikia koʻikoʻi loa i ka lāʻau lapaʻau maʻi ma Polani, a ʻo ka nui o nā hihia o nā maʻi a me nā mea lawe i hōʻoia ʻia e ka National Reference Center for Antimicrobial Susceptibility ua ʻoi aku ma mua o 10.

  1. E heluhelu hou: Ma Polani, aia ka nui o ka poʻe i loaʻa i ka maʻi maʻi ʻo New Delhi. ʻAʻole hana ka hapa nui o nā lāʻau antibiotic iā ia

Wahi a nā palapala lapaʻau, ʻoi aku ka hapa o ka hapa o nā maʻi i mālama ʻole ʻia i nā maʻi koko i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka bacilli ʻōpū e hoʻopuka ana i nā carbapenemases. ʻOiai ua hoʻokomo ʻia nā lāʻau ʻokoʻa hou e kūʻē i ka carbapenemase e hana ana i nā kānana, ʻaʻole naʻe i loaʻa iā mākou nā lāʻau antibiotic maikaʻi i ka mālama ʻana i ka NDM.

Ua paʻi ʻia kekahi mau haʻawina e hōʻike ana i kēlā Ua maʻalahi ka hoʻopili ʻia ʻana o kā mākou digestive tract me nā microorganism kūloko i ka wā o nā huakaʻi intercontinental. Inā maʻamau ka maʻi bacteria kūpaʻa ma laila, lawe mākou iā lākou i ko mākou wahi e noho ai a noho lākou me mākou no kekahi mau pule. Eia hou, ke lawe mākou i nā lāʻau antibiotic kūʻē iā lākou, aia ka piʻi nui o ka laha ʻana.

ʻO ka nui o nā genes kū'ē i ʻike ʻia i loko o ka bacteria e pili ana i nā maʻi kanaka i loaʻa mai nā microorganisms kaiapuni a me zoonotic. No laila, ua hōʻike ʻia kahi maʻi maʻi o kahi plasmid e lawe ana i ka colistin resistance gene (mcr-1) i hōʻike ʻia i kēia manawa, i laha ʻia ma nā ʻano Enterobacterales ma nā ʻāina ʻelima i loko o hoʻokahi makahiki. Ua hoʻokaʻawale mua ʻia mai nā puaʻa ma Kina, a laila i loko o ka moa a me nā huahana meaʻai.

I kēia mau lā, nui nā kamaʻilio e pili ana i ka halicin, kahi lāʻau antibiotic i hana ʻia e ka naʻauao. Ke hoʻololi pono nei nā kamepiula i nā kānaka i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau hou?

ʻO ka ʻimi ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau me nā waiwai i manaʻo ʻia me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka naʻauao artificial ʻaʻole ia he hoihoi wale nō, akā makemake nui ʻia. Hiki paha iā ʻoe ke loaʻa nā lāʻau lapaʻau kūpono? ʻO nā lāʻau antibiotic hiki ʻole i nā microorganism ke pale aku? Me ke kōkua o nā hiʻohiʻona kamepiula i hana ʻia, hiki ke hoʻāʻo i nā miliona o nā pūhui kemika i ka manawa pōkole a koho i nā mea hoʻohiki maikaʻi loa e pili ana i ka hana antibacterial.

ʻO kahi "ʻike" wale nō ʻO ka lāʻau antibiotic hou he halicin, nona ka inoa i ka HAL 9000 kamepiula mai ka kiʻiʻoniʻoni "2001: A Space Odyssey". ʻO nā haʻawina o kāna hana in vitro e kūʻē i ka multiresistant Acinetobacter baumannii strain he manaʻo maikaʻi, akā ʻaʻole ia e hana kūʻē iā Pseudomonas aeruginosa - kekahi pathogen koʻikoʻi o ka haukapila. Ke nānā nei mākou i nā manaʻo hou aʻe o nā lāʻau lapaʻau i loaʻa i ke ʻano o luna, e hiki ai ke hōʻemi i ka pae mua o kā lākou ulu ʻana. ʻO ka mea pōʻino, aia nō nā haʻawina holoholona a me ke kanaka e hana ʻia e hoʻoholo ai i ka palekana a me ka pono o nā lāʻau hou ma lalo o nā kūlana maoli o ka maʻi.

  1. E heluhelu pū hoʻi: He maʻalahi ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi… ma ka haukapila. He aha kāu e loaʻa ai i ka maʻi?

No laila e hāʻawi mākou i ka hana o ka hana ʻana i nā lāʻau antibiotic hou i nā kamepiula i hoʻonohonoho pono ʻia i ka wā e hiki mai ana?

Ke hana ʻia nei kēia. Loaʻa iā mākou nā hale waihona puke nui o nā pūhui like ʻole me nā waiwai i ʻike ʻia a me nā ʻano hana. ʻIke mākou i ke ʻano o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana, e pili ana i ka nui, hiki lākou i nā kiko. Ua ʻike mākou i ko lākou mau ʻano kemika, kino a me nā mea olaola, me nā mea ʻawaʻawa. I ka hihia o nā lāʻau antimicrobial, pono mākou e hoʻoikaika e hoʻomaopopo pono i nā ʻano olaola o ka microorganism kahi a mākou e makemake ai e hoʻomohala i kahi lāʻau lapaʻau maikaʻi. Pono mākou e ʻike i ke ʻano o ka hoʻokumu ʻana i nā lesions a me nā kumu virulence.

No ka laʻana, inā he toxin ke kuleana o kāu mau hōʻailona, ​​​​pono ka lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻopau i kāna hana. I ka hihia o ka maʻi bacteria multi-antibiotic-resistant, pono e aʻo e pili ana i nā hana o ke kū'ē ʻana, a inā he hopena lākou mai ka hana ʻana o kahi enzyme e hydrolyzes i ka lāʻau antibiotic, ke ʻimi nei mākou i kāna mau mea paʻa. Ke hana ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka ʻenehana kūʻē, pono mākou e ʻimi i kahi mea e pili ana iā ia.

Pono paha mākou e hoʻomohala i nā ʻenehana no ka hoʻolālā ʻana i nā lāʻau antibiotic "tailor-made", i hoʻohālikelike ʻia i nā pono o nā kānaka kikoʻī a i ʻole i nā maʻi maʻi bacteria?

He mea maikaʻi loa ia, akā ... i kēia manawa, i ka manawa mua o ka mālama ʻana i kahi maʻi, ʻaʻole mākou i ʻike i ke kumu etiological (ke kumu o ka maʻi), no laila hoʻomaka mākou i ka lāʻau lapaʻau me kahi ʻano ākea o ka hana. Hoʻokahi ʻano bacteria maʻamau ke kuleana no nā maʻi he nui i loko o nā ʻiʻo like ʻole o nā ʻōnaehana like ʻole. E lawe mākou i kumu hoʻohālike i ka staphylococcus gula, kahi e hoʻoulu ai, i waena o nā mea ʻē aʻe, nā maʻi ʻili, pneumonia, sepsis. Akā ʻo ka pyogenic streptococcus a me Escherichia coli ke kuleana no nā maʻi like.

Ma hope o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka hopena moʻomeheu mai ka microbiological laboratory, ka mea e haʻi ʻaʻole wale i ka microorganism i kumu ai ka maʻi, akā i ke ʻano o kona ʻano lāʻau lapaʻau, hiki iā ʻoe ke koho i kahi antibiotic i "kūpono" i kāu mau pono. E hoʻomaopopo hoʻi i kēlā ʻO ka maʻi i hana ʻia e ka pathogen hoʻokahi ma nā wahi ʻē aʻe o ko mākou kino ke koi aku i kahi lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻeno ka mea, ʻo ka hopena o ka lāʻau lapaʻau e hilinaʻi ʻia i kona neʻe ʻana ma ke kahua o ka maʻi a, ʻoiaʻiʻo hoʻi, ka naʻau o ka mea etiological. Pono mākou i nā lāʻau antibiotic hou, ʻelua ākea ākea, ke ʻike ʻole ʻia ke kumu etiological (empirical therapy) a me ka haiki, ke loaʻa iā mākou kahi hopena hoʻokolohua microbiological (targeted therapy).

Pehea e pili ana i ka noiʻi ʻana i nā probiotics pilikino e pale pono i kā mākou microbiome?

I kēia manawa, ʻaʻole hiki iā mākou ke kūkulu i nā probiotics me nā ʻano i makemake ʻia, ʻike liʻiliʻi mākou e pili ana i kā mākou microbiome a me kona kiʻi i ke olakino a me nā maʻi. He ʻokoʻa loa ia, paʻakikī, a ʻaʻole ʻae ʻia nā ʻano o ka hānau ʻana maʻamau iā mākou e hoʻomaopopo piha. Manaʻo wau e hāʻawi i nā haʻawina metagenomic i hana pinepine ʻia o ka ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū e hāʻawi i ka ʻike koʻikoʻi e hiki ai i nā hana hoʻoponopono i manaʻo ʻia i loko o ka microbiome.

Pono paha ʻoe e noʻonoʻo e pili ana i nā koho lapaʻau ʻē aʻe no nā maʻi bacterial e hoʻopau i nā lāʻau antibiotic?

Pono mākou e hoʻomanaʻo he ʻokoʻa ka wehewehe ʻana o ka lāʻau antibiotic mai ka mea mua, ʻo ia hoʻi ka huahana o ka microbial metabolism. I mea e maʻalahi ai, Ke manaʻo nei mākou i nā lāʻau antibiotic he mau lāʻau antibacterial āpau, me nā mea synthetic, e like me linezolid a i ʻole fluoroquinolones.. Ke ʻimi nei mākou i nā waiwai antibacterial o nā lāʻau lapaʻau i hoʻohana ʻia i nā maʻi ʻē aʻe. Eia naʻe, kū mai ka nīnau: pono anei ʻoe e haʻalele i kā lākou hoʻolako i nā hōʻailona kumu? Inā ʻaʻole, hiki koke iā mākou ke kūʻē iā lākou.

Nui nā kūkākūkā a me nā hoʻokolohua noiʻi e pili ana i kahi ala ʻē aʻe i ka hakakā ʻana i nā maʻi ma mua. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻo ke ala maikaʻi loa ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā kano. Eia nō naʻe, me nā ʻano microbes like ʻole, ʻaʻole hiki kēia ma muli o nā palena o kā mākou ʻike i nā mīkini pathogenic, a me nā kumu ʻenehana a me nā kumu kūʻai. Ke hoʻoikaika nei mākou e hōʻemi i ko lākou pathogenicity, e laʻa me ka kaupalena ʻana i ka hana ʻana o nā toxins a me nā enzyme koʻikoʻi i ka pathogenesis o ka maʻi a i ʻole ma ka hoʻonele ʻana iā lākou i ka hiki ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ke kino, ʻo ia ka manawa mua o ka maʻi. Makemake mākou e noho maluhia lākou me mākou.

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Prof. dr hab. med. Waleria Hryniewicz he loea ma ke kahua o ka microbiology lapaʻau. Ua alakaʻi ʻo ia i ke Keʻena ʻo Epidemiology a me Clinical Microbiology o ka National Medicines Institute. ʻO ia ka luna o ka National Antibiotic Protection Program, a hiki i ka makahiki 2018 ʻo ia ka mea aʻoaʻo aupuni ma ke kahua o ka microbiology olakino.

Paipai ka papa hoʻoponopono:

  1. Ua loaʻa i ke kanaka ka maʻi maʻi coronavirus wale nō - kahi nīnauele me prof. Waleria Hryniewicz
  2. Ka maʻi maʻi ma kēlā me kēia ʻohana. Nīnauele me prof. Szczylik
  3. Kanaka ma ke kauka. Nīnauele me Kauka Ewa Kempisty-Jeznach, MD

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