He aha ka spirogyra
ʻO Spirogyra kekahi o nā algae i aʻo nui ʻia ma ka honua, i ʻike ʻia i ʻelua mau kenekulia i hala. Loaʻa iā ia nā filament lālā ʻole (cylindrical cell), e noho ana i nā loko mehana, hou a paʻakai iki a me nā kahawai a puni ka honua, me he mea lā e like me ka pulupulu e lana ana ma ka ʻili a uhi i lalo.
He aha ka pōʻino iā Baikal
Aia i laila ka wai akaka, ʻōmaʻomaʻo, limu ʻala ʻala. ʻO ke kapakai i ʻālohilohi i ke one maʻemaʻe ma mua, ua lepo a me ka puʻu. No nā makahiki he nui, ua pāpā ʻia ka ʻauʻau ʻana ma nā kahakai kaulana o Lake Baikal ma muli o ka ʻike weliweli o E. coli i loko o ka wai, i hānai maikaʻi ʻia i ka wai lepo.
Eia kekahi, hoʻoneʻe ka spirogyra i nā endemic (nā ʻano e noho wale ana ma Baikal - ka moʻolelo a ka mea kākau): gastropods, Baikal sponges, a ʻo lākou ka mea e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ai i ka mālamalama aniani o ka loko. Noho ʻo ia i ka ʻāina hānau o ka yellowfly goby, ʻo ia ka meaʻai a ka Baikal omul. ʻAʻole hiki ke lawaiʻa i ke kai. Hoʻopili ʻo Spirogyra i nā kahakai o ka loko me kahi papa mānoanoa, pala, ʻawaʻawa i ka wai, ʻaʻole kūpono ia no ka ʻai.
No ke aha i hānau nui ai ka spirogyra
No ke aha i ulu nui ai ka algae, ka mea i noho mālie a me ka maluhia ma mua i ka nui maʻamau i loko o ka loko a ʻaʻole i hoʻopilikia i kekahi? Manaʻo ʻia ʻo Phosphates ke kumu nui o ka ulu ʻana, no ka mea, hānai ʻo spirogyra iā lākou a ulu ikaika ma muli o lākou. Eia kekahi, hoʻopau lākou i nā microorganism ʻē aʻe, hoʻomaʻemaʻe i nā ʻāina no ka spirogyra. ʻO ka Phosphates kahi mea hoʻomomona no ka spirogyra, aia lākou i loko o ka pauka holoi maʻalahi, hiki ʻole ke holoi me ka ʻole, a nui ka poʻe i mākaukau ʻole e kūʻai i nā pauka makamae.
Wahi a ka luna hoʻomalu o ka Limnological Institute Mikhail Grachev, aia ka nui o ka spirogyra ma kahakai, ʻaʻole hoʻomaʻemaʻe nā hale lapaʻau i kekahi mea, kahe ka wai lepo mai lākou, ʻike nā mea a pau, akā ʻaʻole lākou e hana. A ma ka laulā, kamaʻilio ka poʻe loea e pili ana i ka pōʻino o ke kūlana kaiapuni a puni ka loko, ʻo ia ka hopena o ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i nā ʻōpala mai nā kamaʻāina kūloko a me nā mea hoʻomaha, a me nā hoʻokuʻu ʻana mai nā ʻoihana ʻoihana.
Ka mea a ka poe akamai i olelo ai
Ua ulu maikaʻi ʻo Spirogyra i kahi wahi mahana, a ma Baikal ke anuanu ka wai, no laila ʻaʻole ia i kū i waena o nā mea kanu ʻē aʻe ma mua. Akā, ʻo ka hānai ʻana i nā phosphates, ulu maikaʻi ia i ka wai anuanu, hiki ke ʻike ʻia me ka maka maka i ka pūnāwai, ua hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka hau, a ke noho nei ʻo ia i nā ʻāina hou.
ʻO ke ala e hoʻoponopono ai i ka pilikia ma muli o ʻekolu mau ʻanuʻu. ʻO ka hana mua ke kūkulu ʻana i nā hale lapaʻau hou. ʻO ka lua ma ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i ke kahakai. I mea e hoʻomaʻemaʻe ai i ka wai, ʻaʻole pono ʻoe e hōʻiliʻili wale i ka spirogyra mai ka ʻili, akā mai ka lalo. A he hana lōʻihi loa kēia, no ka mea, pono e wehe i 30 kenimika o ka lepo i mea e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ai i kona luku ʻia (loaʻa ka spirogyra e hoʻomaka ana mai ke kahakai a hiki i ka hohonu o 40 mika). ʻO ke kolu ka pāpā ʻana i ka hoʻokahe ʻana i ka wai mai nā mīkini holoi i ka wai o nā muliwai Selenga, Upper Angara, Barguzin, Turka, Snezhnaya a me Sarma. Akā, inā hōʻole ka poʻe noho a pau o ka ʻāina ʻo Irkutsk a me ka Repubalika o Buryatia i ka pauka makamae, he mau makahiki ia e hoʻihoʻi hou ai i ka kaiaola o ka loko, ua hoʻokumu ʻia no nā makahiki he nui a he naʻaupō ke manaʻoʻiʻo e wikiwiki koke ia. hoʻōla.
Panina
Ua ʻōlelo kekahi poʻe luna he nui loa ka loko i hiki ʻole i ka ʻala ke pulu, akā ua hōʻole ʻia kēia ʻōlelo e ka poʻe ʻepekema. Ua ʻimi lākou i lalo a ʻike ʻia aia ma kahi hohonu o 10 mau mika he nui, nā ʻāpana he nui o nā spirogyra. ʻO nā papa haʻahaʻa, no ka nele o ka oxygen, pala, hoʻokuʻu i nā mea ʻawaʻawa, a iho i lalo i kahi hohonu loa. No laila, hōʻiliʻili nā waihona o nā algae popopo ma Baikal - lilo ia i lua compost nui.
Aia i loko o Lake Baikal he 20% o ka wai maʻemaʻe o ka honua, ʻoiai ʻo kēlā me kēia kanaka ʻeono o ka honua e ʻike i ka nele o ka wai inu. Ma Rusia, ʻaʻole pili kēia, akā i ka wā o ka hoʻololi ʻana i ke aniau a me nā pōʻino i hana ʻia e ke kanaka, hiki ke loli ke kūlana. He mea noʻonoʻo ʻole ka mālama ʻana i kahi waiwai waiwai, no ka mea, ʻaʻole hiki i ke kanaka ke ola me ka wai ʻole no nā lā ʻelua. Eia kekahi, ʻo Baikal kahi huakaʻi hoʻomaha no nā Lūkini he nui. E hoʻomanaʻo kākou ʻo ka loko he waiwai aupuni no Rusia a na kākou ke kuleana.