kaanemia he pilikia olakino maʻamau i hōʻike ʻia e a nele i ke koko ʻulaʻula. ʻO ke koko ʻulaʻula nā pūpū i loaʻa i loko o ke koko. Hoʻohana ʻia lākou, ma waena o nā mea ʻē aʻe, e hāʻawi i ka oxygen i nā ʻiʻo a me nā ʻāpana.

Hiki i ka poʻe me ka anemia ke manaʻo ua luhi et pau ka mahu ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi ma mua o ka maʻamau, no ka mea, pono e hana ikaika ko lākou naʻau e hoʻolako i ko lākou kino me ka oxygen.

Wahi a ka World Health Organization, 25% o ka heluna kanaka o ka honua i loaʻa i ka anemia¹. ʻO ka hapalua o kēia mau hihia i manaʻo ʻia e pili ana nele meaʻai i loko Ka hao. na wahine he mau manawa kaumaha, keiki a ʻO nā kamaliʻi liʻiliʻi a me nā wahine hāpai ka nui o ka pilikia o ka anemia.

Nā kumu

Hiki i kekahi mau kūlana ke hoʻoulu i ka anemia.

• A pauʻa hao.
• A kakaumoa vitamin.
• A maʻi maʻi a i ʻole ka maʻi iwi iwi.
• A maʻi maʻi genetika, e alakaʻi ana i kahi laʻana i ka luku wikiwiki ʻana o nā ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula.
• A ʻo ka hemorrhage, ʻo ia hoʻi, he kahe koko ma waho o nā kīʻaha koko.

ʻO nā ʻano nui o ka anemia

• Anemia hemahema hao. ʻO ia ke ʻano maʻamau o ka anemia. ʻO nā wā kaumaha a me ka ʻai haʻahaʻa i ka hao ke kumu maʻamau. Hoʻololi ka anemia deficiency i ka nui o nā keʻena koko ʻulaʻula, a lilo i mea liʻiliʻi ma mua o ka maʻamau (microcytic anemia). No ka ʻike hou aku, e ʻike i kā mākou Iron Deficiency Anemia fact sheet.
• Anemia ma muli o ka nele o ka huaora. ʻO kēia ʻano anemia e hoʻopuka ana i nā pūnaʻi koko ʻulaʻula nui loa (macrocytic anemia). ʻO ka mea maʻamau ka mea i loaʻa ma muli o ka nele o ka huaora B12 a i ʻole ka huaora B9 (ʻakika folic). Hiki ke hana mua ma muli o ka lawa ʻole o ka ʻai ʻana o kēia huaora, ka ʻai ʻole ʻana i ka ʻōpū, a i ʻole kahi maʻi i kapa ʻia he anemia pernicious. No ka ʻike hou aku, e ʻike i kā mākou B12 deficiency anemia fact sheet.
• Anemia ma muli o ka ma'i mau. ʻO nā maʻi maʻi mau loa (a i kekahi manawa kā lākou lapaʻau ʻana) hiki ke hōʻemi i ka nui o nā keʻena koko ʻulaʻula e holo ana i loko o ke koko. ʻO kēia ka hihia me ka maʻi kanesa, ka maʻi Crohn a me nā maʻi ʻeha e like me ka rheumatoid arthritis. Hiki ke hoʻoulu ʻia ka maʻi anemia no ka mea e hūnā ana nā puʻupaʻa i ka erythropoietin, ka hormone e hoʻoulu ai i ka hana ʻana o nā ʻāpana koko ʻulaʻula. Eia nō naʻe, paʻa kēia mau mea i ko lākou nui maʻamau a me nā hiʻohiʻona (normocytic anemia).
• Anemia hemorrhagic. ʻO ke kahe koko nui ma hope o kahi pōʻino koʻikoʻi, ʻokiʻoki a hānau keiki paha, no ka laʻana, hiki ke hoʻoulu koke i ka anemia. Hiki ke alakaʻi i kekahi pilikia o ka ʻōpū (ka maʻi peptic, polyps intestinal a i ʻole ka maʻi maʻi colorectal), akā i kēia manawa ke kumu o ka emi iki ʻana o ke koko i loko o ka waihona (i kekahi manawa ʻike ʻole ʻia), no ka manawa lōʻihi.
• Hemolytic anemia. Hōʻike ʻia kēia ʻano anemia e ka luku wikiwiki ʻana i nā ʻāpana koko ʻulaʻula. Hiki ia ma muli o ka hopena o ka ʻōnaehana pale (autoimmune a i ʻole ka maʻi maʻi), i ka loaʻa ʻana o nā toxins i loko o ke koko, i nā maʻi (no ka laʻana, malaria), a i ʻole he congenital (sickle cell anemia, thalassemia, etc.). Hoʻopilikia nui ka ʻano congenital i nā poʻe o ka ʻApelika.
• Anemia sideroblastic. Hoʻopili kēia huaʻōlelo i kahi pūʻulu o nā anemias loaʻa ʻole kahi hiki ʻole i ke koko ʻulaʻula ke hoʻoponopono i ka hao i loko o ka hemoglobin. He pilikia enzymatic kēia no ka hoʻoilina a i loaʻa paha. ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ke koko ʻulaʻula ma mua o ka maʻamau.
• Anemia anplastic (a i ʻole aplastic). Loaʻa kēia maʻi kakaʻikahi i ka wā ʻaʻole e hoʻohua hou ka iwi iwi i nā pūnaʻi koko. No laila, ʻaʻole wale ka nele o nā ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula, akā pū kekahi o nā keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo a me nā platelets koko. I ka 50% o nā hihia, hoʻokumu ʻia ka anemia aplastic e nā mea ʻawaʻawa, kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau a i ʻole ka ʻike ʻana i ka radiation. Hiki ke wehewehe ʻia e nā maʻi koʻikoʻi, e like me ke kanesa o ka iwi iwi (no ka laʻana, leukemia).

PalekanaEND_LINK

No ka mea ʻaʻole hiki i kekahi ke hilinaʻi i nā hōʻailona wale nō e hoʻokumu i kahi PalekanaEND_LINK, pono e hana i kahi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua o a hāpana koko. ʻO ka helu koko piha (helu koko piha) ke kauoha maʻamau e ke kauka.

Eia nō 3 mau palena nui :

• Hemoglobin pae : ke kuʻina o ka hemoglobin (ka puaʻa hanu i loko o ke koko ʻulaʻula) i loko o ke koko, i hōʻike ʻia ma ka grams o ka hemoglobin no ka lita o ke koko (g / l) a i ʻole 100 ml o ke koko (g / 100 ml a i ʻole g / dl ).
• pae hemacrit : ka lakio, i hōʻike ʻia ma ke ʻano pākēneka, o ka leo i noho ʻia e nā keʻena koko ʻulaʻula o kahi hāpana koko (i hele ma ka centrifuge) e pili ana i ka nui o ke koko holoʻokoʻa i loko o kēia hāpana.
• Helu koko ʻulaʻula : ka heluna o ke koko ʻulaʻula i loaʻa i loko o ka nui o ke koko, i hōʻike maʻamau ʻia i loko o nā miliona o ke koko ʻulaʻula ma ka microliter o ke koko (miliona / µl).

Nā waiwai maʻamau

hoʻopuka. ʻO kēia mau waiwai no ka hemoglobin a me ka hematocrit ka mea maʻamau no 95% o nā kānaka. ʻO kēia ke ʻano he 5% o nā poʻe i loaʻa nā waiwai "non-standard" i ke olakino maikaʻi. Eia hou, hiki i nā hopena ma nā palena haʻahaʻa o ka maʻamau ke hōʻike i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka anemia inā ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe.

kekahi nā ho'āʻo toto hiki ke koi ʻia i mea e wehewehe ai i kahi hōʻailona a e ʻike i ke kumu o ka anemia. Ma muli o ka hihia, ka nānā ʻana o ka decals ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula, the dosage of Ka hao a i ʻole ʻokoʻa nā wikamina i ke koko, etc.