ʻO ka iʻa Bleak: kiʻi a me ka wehewehe, kahi e loaʻa ai, pehea e hopu ai

Bleak - no ka ʻohana carp kahi iʻa liʻiliʻi a alakaʻi i ka nohona pelagic ma nā ʻano wai like ʻole, nā waihona like ʻole. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kēia ʻano iʻa e kona ʻano ponoʻī o ka inoa hoʻokahi, aia kekahi mau subspecies kokoke. ʻO Bleak, ma waho aʻe o kona inoa nui, he nui nā mea ʻē aʻe, e like me perch, sebel, silyavka, buckle, shakleya, top melter.

Hewa ka inoa i'a

He nui ka poʻe e huikau me ka inoa o nā ʻano iʻa ʻē aʻe, no ka naʻaupō paha. Ua kapa pinepine ʻia ka pōʻeleʻele penei:

• ʻO Chebak, pili ka inoa i ka roach Siberia.
• Sprats, akā ʻo ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ʻo ke Kai ʻEleʻele a i ʻole Baltic sprat.
• ʻO ka maka keʻokeʻo, akā ʻo ka iʻa i kapa ʻia ʻo sapu.
• ʻehaʻeha. Hāʻawi ʻia kēia inoa i ka iʻa ʻawaʻawa.
• ʻO Bystryanka, e noho ana i nā muliwai me ka wai maʻemaʻe a me ka oxygen.
• ʻO Verkhovka, i kapa ʻia ʻo oatmeal.

Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale i nā bleaks, tops a me ka hoʻokē ʻai like me kekahi inā ʻike ʻoe i ka helu o nā unahi ma ka ʻāpana laina lateral: 52-55, 12-14 a me 44-50. Aia kekahi mau hōʻailona ʻē aʻe e pili ana i ka nui, ka ʻano a me nā kumu ʻē aʻe e ʻike ʻia ai kēia mau iʻa.

Poka: wehewehe

ʻO Bleak kahi iʻa liʻiliʻi he pōkole kona ola, he 5-6 mau makahiki wale nō, ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā lālā ʻē aʻe o ka ʻohana carp, e like me ka crucian carp, hiki ke ola a hiki i 12 mau makahiki, roach me ke kaʻina ola a hiki i 20 mau makahiki. , carp, e ola ana ma kahi o 35 makahiki. ʻO ka lōʻihi loa o ka bleak ma kahi o 15 knm, me ke kaumaha ʻaʻole iʻoi aku ma mua o 60 grams. ʻOiai ʻike ʻia ka poʻe kakaʻikahi, ʻoi aku ka nui, ʻoi aku ke kaumaha a hiki i 100 grams a hiki i 20 knm ka lōʻihi. ʻO kēia mau hiʻohiʻona i manaʻo ʻia he ʻano no ka pōʻeleʻele.

• ʻAʻole kiʻekiʻe ke kino, akā elongated, ʻaneʻane pololei ke kua a me ka ʻōpū convex iki.
• Hoʻopau ka huelo i kahi ʻeleʻele nui me kahi ʻoki hohonu.
• Hoʻopili ikaika ʻia nā ʻaoʻao o ka pōʻeleʻele.
• ʻO ka unahi o kēia iʻa he kala metala me ka pauku aniani.
• ʻAhinahina-uliuli ke kua me ka ʻoliva.
• Māmā ka ʻōpū.
• Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā ʻili me ka ʻulaʻula a i ʻole ka ʻulaʻula melemele.

ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona o ka pōʻeleʻele, ʻo ia ka wehe maʻalahi ʻana o kona mau unahi ke hoʻopili ʻia me kahi ʻili paʻa. No laila, ʻaʻole paʻakikī ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i kēia iʻa, ua lawa ka wili me ka paʻakai i loko o kahi pahu nui.

Loaʻa i ka iʻa pelagic kahi ʻano kala maʻamau o nā poʻo ʻeleʻele a me nā lalo māmā no ka pale ʻana iā lākou iho mai nā mea ʻaihue lalo a me nā manu i nā kūlana mālamalama.

ola

Mai ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka pūnāwai a hiki i ka hopena o ka hāʻule, mālama ʻia ka pōʻeleʻele (sebel) ma kahi hohonu a hiki i 70 knm mai ka ʻili o ka wai. Ke alakaʻi nei ia i ka ʻohana o ke ola, no laila ke neʻe nei ia a puni ka waihona i nā ʻohana nui e ʻimi ai i ka meaʻai. I nā kūlana i loaʻa ai nā iʻa ʻāhiu i loko o ka waihona, hoʻokumu ka pōʻeleʻele i nā ʻohana liʻiliʻi i ʻike ʻole ʻia e nā mea ʻaihue a ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi. ʻOiai ʻaʻole nui ka iʻa, maikaʻi kāna hana sprint, hiki iā ia ke ola i loko o ia mau kūlana paʻakikī.

Koho ka poʻe ʻeleʻele i nā wahi maʻemaʻe a hohonu e haʻalele koke i ka hoʻouka ʻana o kahi mea ʻaihue. No laila, ʻaʻole makemake ka poʻe ʻeleʻele i nā wahi i ulu nui ʻia me nā mea kanu wai, he mea keakea ia i ka neʻe wikiwiki ʻana o kēia iʻa.

No ka loaʻa ʻana o ka meaʻai nona iho, piʻi aʻe ka pōʻeleʻele ma kahi kokoke i ka ʻili o ka waihona, kahi e hopu ai i nā inike ma ka lele a i ʻole e hoʻāʻo e kuʻi iā lākou i lalo me ka ehu. I ka manawa like, lele nui ʻo ia mai ka wai. Pēlā nō ʻo ia i nā lā ʻohu, i ka wā e lele ai nā ʻohana midges a me nā mea ʻē aʻe ma kahi kokoke i ka ʻili o ka wai ma muli o ke kaumaha o nā ʻēheu mai ka wai. I ka wā e loaʻa ai ka ʻinikena i loko o ka wai no kekahi kumu, lilo koke lākou i mea ʻai, no ka ʻeleʻele a me nā iʻa ʻē aʻe. Me ka hiki ʻana mai o ke anuanu maoli, neʻe ʻo bleak (sebel) i kahi hohonu hohonu. I ka hoʻoilo, aia ka pōʻeleʻele i ke ʻano o ka animation hoʻokuʻu ʻia a kali i ke anuanu i nā lua hoʻoilo ma hope o nā ʻelele ʻē aʻe o nā cyprinids. Ma keia mokuaina, a hiki i ka manawa hau.

Kūā

Noho kēia iʻa liʻiliʻi ma kahi kokoke i nā kino wai a pau, kahi i ʻike ʻia e ka nele o nā mānoanoa ikaika o nā mea kanu, a me ka hele ʻana o kahi au palupalu. I ka manawa like, hiki iā ia ke noho i loko o nā kino wai me nā kūlana wela like ʻole. Maikaʻi ʻo ia i loko o nā waihona me ka wai mahana a me ke anuanu.

Kūleʻa nā kahawai haʻahaʻa mālie i nā kūlana a pau e ʻoluʻolu ai ka sebel. I ka manawa like, pono e loaʻa nā panakō mālie a me kahi kahawai wili i loko o ka waihona. ʻAʻole ʻoluʻolu no ka pōʻeleʻele ke hoʻopiha ʻole ʻia ka wai me ka oxygen, a nui nā limu lana i loko o ka loko. Ma kēia ʻano, ʻaʻole loa e ʻike ʻia ka pōʻeleʻele i loko o nā loko a i ʻole nā ​​loko me ka wai paʻa.

ʻAi o ka pōʻeleʻele

ʻO ka pōʻeleʻele ka meaʻai nui i ka zooplankton, e neʻe ana i loko o ke kolamu wai a ʻike ʻia e ka noho ʻana o nā meaʻai nui. I ka manawa like, hiki i ka pōʻeleʻele ke hopu i kekahi mau pepeke e neʻe ana ma kahi kokoke i ka wai, ma ka ʻili o ka wai, a i ʻole e loaʻa iā lākou iho i loko o ka wai ma hope o ka hāʻule ʻana mai nā mea kanu. Eia kekahi laʻana, hiki i kēia:

• Namu, nalo, midges.
• Dolgonozhki, mokritsy, nalu.
• Lepe, papillons, liona.
• Mea ʻai kumu, phorids, tahini.

Ke lele nui ʻia nā nalo, ʻai wale ka pōʻeleʻele i kēia mau inike. Hiki i kēia iʻa liʻiliʻi ke ʻai i nā mea kanu i lawe ʻia e ke au, a me nā limu liʻiliʻi, ʻoiai he liʻiliʻi. I ka manawa like, ʻaʻole hōʻole ka poʻe ʻeleʻele i ka maunu i hāʻawi ʻia iā ia, ma ke ʻano o ka palaoa, ka ilo lepo, ke koko a i ʻole ka ilo.

Pehea ka pōʻeleʻele o ka pua

I ka loaʻa ʻana o ka lōʻihi ma kahi o 5-7 knm, hiki ke hiki i ka makahiki 2 a i ʻole 3 o ke ola, lilo kēia iʻa i ke kanaka makua. Ke piʻi ka mahana o ka wai i + 15-17 degere, hoʻomaka ka pōʻeleʻele e hoʻoulu i ka hohonu pāpaʻu, ma nā ʻāpana he nui (ma kahi o 4). Hiki ke loaʻa i kēlā me kēia clutch mai 3 a 5 tausani hua. I nā kūlana o ka mahana mahana, hiki ke hoʻopau i ka spawning i kekahi mau lā. Ke anu a lōʻihi ka pūnāwai, hiki i ka hoʻoulu ʻana i hoʻokahi mahina, a ʻoi aku paha.

He mea nui ka Bleak, no ka mea, aia ma kahi o 350 mau hua no ka gram o ke kaumaha. Paʻa loa nā hua, no laila ua paʻa paʻa i nā mea kanu, ma nā snags a me nā kumu paʻa ʻē aʻe. ʻO nā hua manu, e pili ana i ke ʻano o ke aniau, e ulu ana no ka lōʻihi o 7 lā. Ma hope o ka hānau ʻana, ʻāʻā ka iʻa i loko o nā ʻohana a hoʻomaka e ʻai i ka plankton. I ka makahiki mua o ke ola, hiki i ka pōʻeleʻele ke ulu a hiki i 5 knm, loaʻa ke kaumaha ma kahi o 8 grams.

ʻAno pōuliuli

Ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo Azov-Black Sea shemaya ka pili pili loa o ka pōʻeleʻele. Hoʻonui ʻo Shemaya i ka lōʻihi a hiki i 35 cm a loaʻa ke kaumaha a hiki i 800 grams. E like me ke kānāwai, aia kekahi poʻe i ke kaumaha ma mua o 200 grams i nā hopu. Ua loaʻa iā Shemaya kona inoa ma muli o kona ʻono maikaʻi loa. Unuhi ʻia mai ka Persian, he iʻa aliʻi ʻo shemaya. ʻO ka noho ʻana o ka iʻa aliʻi e uhi ana i nā muliwai i ʻāpana o nā kīʻaha o ke Kai ʻEleʻele, Azov a me Caspian, a me nā wahi kai paʻakai liʻiliʻi o kēia mau kai like. ʻO ka ʻai ʻana o ka shemai nā iniseti, zooplankton, crustaceans, ilo, larvae a me nā iʻa liʻiliʻi, ʻoiai i ka liʻiliʻi. ʻAʻole ʻokoʻa ka hiʻohiʻona o ka shemai me ka ʻeleʻele, koe wale nō ka nui, ke kino ākea a me ka waihoʻoluʻu ʻalani o nā pectoral fins.

Nā ala e hopu ai i ka pōʻeleʻele

No ka mea ʻaʻole ʻokoʻa ka bleak (sebel) i nā ʻāpana koʻikoʻi, a laila no ka hopu ʻana iā ia e pono ai ʻoe i kahi pahu lana māmā me kahi laina lawaiʻa me ke anawaena o 0,14-0,16 mm a me kahi leash me ka mānoanoa o 0,1 a. 0,12 mm. Ma muli o nā kūlana o ka lawaiʻa, ʻaʻole pono e hoʻohana i kahi alakaʻi lahilahi, ʻoiai hiki ke hana me ke alakaʻi ʻole. Ma keʻano maʻamau, pono ʻoe i kahi lana māmā a maʻalahi, e like me ka hulu kuihi, ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ma mua o 3 grams. Pono e hoʻohana ʻia nā makau liʻiliʻi, ʻaʻole ʻoi aku ma mua o ka helu 16-20 ma ka pae honua. Ma ke ʻano he maunu, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i ka ilo koko, ka ilo a i ʻole ka ʻōpala lepo, ʻaʻole i nā ʻāpana nui. Hoʻonohonoho ʻia ka hohonu ma kahi o 10 cm (ka liʻiliʻi), no ka mea makemake ka sebel e hānai kokoke i ka ʻili o ka wai. Hiki ke hopu ʻia ʻo Bleak me ka lele a i ʻole nā ​​koʻokoʻo wili e hoʻohana ana i ka lele a i ʻole ka lele ma ke ʻano he maunu.

Hiki ke waiho ʻia ma ka home i loko o ka aquarium. Eia hou, hiki i ka bleak ke lilo i maunu ola maikaʻi loa no ka hopu ʻana i nā iʻa predatory nui, no ka mea he mea pono ia i ka ʻai o nā iʻa predatory.

Pono ka ʻikepili gastronomic o kēia iʻa liʻiliʻi i ka nānā kūikawā. Inā ʻoe e hana i ka meaʻai canned mai ia mea i loko o ka ʻōmato a i ʻole ka aila, a laila he ʻono maoli kēia. Eia kekahi, hiki ke puhi ʻia ka pōʻeleʻele, hoʻomaloʻo, paʻi ʻia, stewed, etc. ʻO nā huaʻōlelo ʻē aʻe, ʻoiai kona liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi, hiki iā ʻoe ke kuke i kekahi kīʻaha mai ia mea.

ʻO ka hopu ʻana i kahi pōwehiwehi me ke koʻokoʻo lana he mea kupanaha ka ʻike ʻana i nā nahu ma hope o kekahi. Inā ʻoe e hopu i kēia iʻa me ka manaʻo, ʻaʻole loa e waiho ʻia ʻoe me ka ʻole o ka iʻa. I loko o hoʻokahi hola hiki iā ʻoe ke hopu i nā haneli iʻa, kahi āu e hauʻoli nui ai.