Contents
He aha ka epilepsy?
Epilepsy he maʻi neuropsychiatric maʻamau me kahi ʻano latent mau o ka papa. ʻOiai ʻo kēia, ʻo ka hiki ʻana o ka epileptic seizures hikiwawe ke ʻano maʻamau no ka maʻi. Hoʻokumu ʻia ia ma muli o ke ʻano o ka nui o ka hoʻoulu ʻana (nā hoʻokuʻu nerve) ma kekahi mau wahi o ka lolo.
ʻO ka maʻi maʻi, hōʻike ʻia kēlā mau hopu ʻana e kahi maʻi pōkole o ka sensory, motor, mental and autonomic functions.
ʻO ke alapine o ka ʻike ʻana i kēia maʻi ma ka awelika 8-11% (ka hoʻonui ʻia o ka hoʻouka kaua) ma waena o ka lehulehu o ka heluna kanaka o kēlā me kēia ʻāina, me ka nānā ʻole i ka wahi o ka climatic a me ka hoʻomohala waiwai. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻike kēlā me kēia kanaka 12 i kekahi mau microsigns o ka epilepsy i kekahi manawa.
Manaʻo ka hapa nui o ka poʻe ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻōla ʻia ka maʻi o ka epilepsy, a he ʻano "hoʻopaʻi akua." Akā, hōʻole loa ka lāʻau lapaʻau hou i kēlā manaʻo. Kōkua nā lāʻau antiepileptic e hoʻopau i ka maʻi ma 63% o nā maʻi, a ma 18% e hōʻemi nui i kāna mau hōʻike maʻi.
ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau nui ka lāʻau lapaʻau lōʻihi, maʻamau a mau loa me ke ʻano ola olakino.
He ʻokoʻa nā kumu o ka epilepsy, ua hui ʻo WHO iā lākou i loko o nā pūʻulu aʻe:
Idiopathic - he mau hihia kēia i ka wā i hoʻoili ʻia ai ka maʻi, pinepine i nā hanana o nā hanauna. ʻO ke kino, ʻaʻole i hōʻino ʻia ka lolo, akā aia kahi hopena kūikawā o nā neurons. ʻAʻole kūlike kēia ʻano, a loaʻa nā hopu no ke kumu ʻike ʻole;
Symptomatic - aia mau ke kumu no ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka foci o nā impulses pathological. ʻO kēia paha ka hopena o ka trauma, ka ʻona, nā ʻōpū a i ʻole cysts, malformations, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. ʻO kēia ke ʻano o ka epilepsy "ʻike ʻole ʻia", no ka mea, hiki ke hoʻouka ʻia ka hoʻouka ʻana e ka mea hoʻonāukiuki liʻiliʻi, e like me ka makaʻu, ka luhi a me ka wela;
Cryptogenic - ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻokumu pololei i ke kumu maoli o ka hiki ʻana mai o ka impulse foci uncharacteristic (manawa manawa).
I ka manawa hea e hiki mai ai ka epilepsy?
ʻO ka hopu ʻana i nā hihia he nui i ʻike ʻia i nā keiki hānau hou me ke kino kiʻekiʻe. ʻAʻole naʻe kēia manaʻo i ka wā e hiki mai ana e loaʻa i ke kanaka ka epilepsy. Hiki ke ulu kēia maʻi i kēlā me kēia kanaka a i kēlā me kēia makahiki. Eia naʻe, ʻoi aku ka maʻamau o nā keiki a me nā ʻōpio.
ʻO 75% o ka poʻe me ka epilepsy he poʻe ma lalo o 20 mau makahiki. ʻO ka poʻe i ʻoi aku ma mua o ka iwakālua, ʻo nā ʻano ʻeha a i ʻole ka hahau ʻana ka hewa. Pūʻulu pilikia - ka poʻe ma mua o kanaono makahiki.
Nā hōʻailona epilepsy
Hiki ke ʻokoʻa nā hōʻailona o ka epileptic seizures mai kēlā me kēia maʻi. ʻO ka mea mua, pili nā hōʻailona ma kēlā mau wahi o ka lolo kahi i puka ai ka hoʻokuʻu pathological a pālahalaha. I kēia hihia, e pili pono nā hōʻailona i nā hana o nā ʻāpana i hoʻopilikia ʻia o ka lolo. Aia paha nā pilikia o ka neʻe ʻana, nā maʻi ʻōlelo, ka piʻi ʻana a i ʻole ka emi ʻana o ke kani ʻana o ka ʻiʻo, ka hemahema o nā kaʻina noʻonoʻo, ma ke kaʻawale a me nā hui like ʻole.
ʻO ka paʻakikī a me ka hoʻonohonoho o nā hōʻailona e pili pū i ke ʻano kikoʻī o ka epilepsy.
ʻO ka hopu ʻana iā Jacksonian
No laila, i ka wā o ka hopu ʻana iā Jacksonian, uhi ʻia ka huhū pathological i kekahi wahi o ka lolo, me ka ʻole o ka hoʻolaha ʻana i nā poʻe e pili ana, a no laila e pili ana nā hōʻike i nā pūʻulu muscle i wehewehe ʻia. ʻO ka maʻamau, he pōkole nā maʻi psychomotor, ʻike ke kanaka, akā ʻike ʻia ia e ka huikau a me ka nalowale o ka pilina me nā poʻe ʻē aʻe. ʻAʻole ʻike ka mea maʻi i ka hemahema a hōʻole i nā hoʻāʻo e kōkua. Ma hope o kekahi mau minuke, maʻamau loa ke kūlana.
Hoʻomaka ka ʻāʻī ʻana a i ʻole ka helu ʻana i ka lima, ka wāwae, a i ʻole ka wāwae haʻahaʻa, akā hiki iā lākou ke laha i ka hapa holoʻokoʻa o ke kino a i ʻole e lilo i ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa nui. I ka hihia hope, ʻōlelo lākou i ka hopu ʻana i ka lua.
Loaʻa ka grand mal seizures i nā ʻano like ʻole:
Nā mea mua - he mau hola ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o kahi hoʻouka kaua, hopu ʻia ka mea maʻi e kahi kūlana weliweli, i hōʻike ʻia e ka piʻi ʻana o ka hauʻoli hopohopo. ʻO ka manaʻo o ka hana pathological i loko o ka lolo e ulu mālie, e uhi ana i nā keʻena hou a pau;
hoʻopaʻapaʻa tonic - paʻa loa nā ʻiʻo a pau, kiola ke poʻo i hope, hāʻule ka mea maʻi, paʻi i ka papahele, pio kona kino a paʻa i kēia kūlana. Huli uliuli ka maka ma muli o ka pau ʻana o ka hanu. He pōkole ka manawa, ma kahi o 30 kekona, kakaʻikahi - a hiki i hoʻokahi minuke;
ʻO ke kuʻi ʻana o Clonic – ʻo nā ʻiʻo a pau o ke kino ke hoʻopaʻa wikiwiki nei. Hoʻonui ka salivation, e like me ka huʻa mai ka waha. Ka lōʻihi - a hiki i 5 mau minuke, ma hope o ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana o ka hanu, nalowale ka cyanosis mai ka maka;
Kāhāhā - i ka manaʻo o ka hana uila pathological, hoʻomaka ka inhibition ikaika, hoʻomaha nā ʻiʻo a pau o ka mea maʻi, hiki ke hoʻokuʻu ʻia i ka mimi a me nā feces. Nalo ka ʻike o ka mea maʻi, ʻaʻohe reflexes. ʻO ke kaʻina hana a hiki i 30 mau minuke;
moe.
Ma hope o ke ala ʻana i ka mea maʻi no kekahi mau lā 2-3, hiki ke ʻeha ke poʻo, nāwaliwali, a me nā pilikia kaʻa.
Hoʻouka liʻiliʻi
Hoʻomaka liʻiliʻi nā hoʻouka kaua. Loaʻa paha kahi ʻano o nā ʻiʻo o ka helehelena, kahi hāʻule ʻoi loa o ka leo ʻiʻo (ma muli o ka hāʻule ʻana o ke kanaka) a i ʻole, ʻo ka ʻāʻī ʻana i nā ʻiʻo āpau ke hoʻokuʻu ka mea maʻi i kekahi kūlana. Mālama ʻia ka ʻike. Malia paha he manawa "ʻole" - he haʻalele. Hoʻokuʻu ka mea maʻi no kekahi mau kekona, hiki ke ʻōwili i kona mau maka. Ma hope o ka hoʻouka ʻana, ʻaʻole ia e hoʻomanaʻo i ka mea i hana ʻia. Hoʻomaka pinepine ka hopu ʻana liʻiliʻi i nā makahiki kula.
Kūlana epilepticus
ʻO ke kūlana epilepticus kahi ʻano o ka hopu ʻana e hahai ana kekahi i kekahi. I nā wā ma waena o lākou, ʻaʻole i loaʻa hou ka ʻike o ka mea maʻi, ua hoʻemi i ka leo ʻiʻo a me ka nele o nā reflexes. Hiki i kāna mau haumāna ke hoʻolahalaha, ʻokiʻoki a i ʻole nā nui like ʻole, wikiwiki a paʻakikī paha ka pulse. Pono kēia maʻi i ka lāʻau lapaʻau koke, e like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia e ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka hypoxia o ka lolo a me kona edema. ʻO ka loaʻa ʻole o ka lāʻau lapaʻau i ka manawa e alakaʻi ai i nā hopena hiki ʻole ke hoʻololi a me ka make.
Loaʻa koke ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā maʻi epileptic a pau i ka manawa.
Nā kumu o ka epilepsy
ʻAʻohe kumu maʻamau o ka epilepsy e hiki ke wehewehe i kona hanana. ʻAʻole ia he maʻi hoʻoilina ma ke ʻano maoli, akā i kekahi mau ʻohana i loaʻa i kekahi o nā ʻohana i kēia maʻi, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka maʻi. Ma kahi o 40% o nā poʻe maʻi me ka epilepsy he pili pili me kēia maʻi.
Nui nā ʻano o ka maʻi epileptic. He okoa ko lakou ko'iko'i. ʻO ka hoʻouka kaua ʻana i hoʻokahi wale nō hapa o ka lolo ke hewa, ua kapa ʻia ʻo ka hoʻouka hapa a i ʻole ka hoʻouka ʻana. Inā pili ka lolo holoʻokoʻa, a laila kapa ʻia kēlā ʻano hoʻouka ʻana he generalized. Aia nā hoʻouka like ʻole: hoʻomaka lākou me kahi ʻāpana o ka lolo, ma hope ua uhi lākou i ke kino holoʻokoʻa.
ʻO ka mea pōʻino, i loko o kanahiku pakeneka o nā hihia, ʻaʻole maopopo ke kumu o ka maʻi.
ʻO nā kumu o ka maʻi e ʻike pinepine ʻia: ʻeha lolo, ʻeha, ʻōpū o ka lolo, nele i ka oxygen a me ke koko i ka hānau ʻana, nā maʻi o ka lolo (malformations), maningitis, viral a me nā maʻi parasitic, abscess lolo.
He maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi?
ʻO ka mea kānaluaʻole,ʻo ka hikiʻana o nā lolo lolo i nā kūpuna ke alakaʻi i kahi kūlana kiʻekiʻe o ka laweʻana i ka paʻakikī holoʻokoʻa o ka maʻi i nā mamo -ʻo kēia me kaʻano idiopathic. Eia kekahi, inā he genetic predisposition o nā pūnaewele CNS i ka hyperreactivity, ʻo ka epilepsy ka nui o ka hiki ke hōʻike i nā mamo.
I ka manawa like, aia kahi koho lua - symptomatic. ʻO ka mea koʻikoʻi ma aneʻi ʻo ka ikaika o ka hoʻoili genetic o ke ʻano kūlohelohe o nā neurons lolo (ka waiwai o ka excitability) a me ko lākou kūʻē ʻana i nā hopena kino. No ka laʻana, inā hiki i kahi kanaka me nā genetics maʻamau ke "kūʻē" i kekahi ʻano o ka puhi ʻana i ke poʻo, a laila ʻo kekahi, me kahi predisposition, e pane aku iā ia me ka hopu ʻana o ka epilepsy.
No ke ʻano cryptogenic, ʻaʻole i aʻo ʻia, a ʻaʻole maopopo ke kumu o kona hoʻomohala ʻana.
Hiki iaʻu ke inu me ka epilepsy?
ʻO ka pane maopopo ʻole ʻaʻole! Me ka epilepsy, i kekahi hihia, ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke inu i nā mea inu ʻawaʻawa, inā ʻaʻole, me ka 77% hōʻoiaʻiʻo, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻonāukiuki i ka hoʻopiʻi convulsive maʻamau, ʻo ia ka mea hope loa i kou ola!
ʻO ka epilepsy kahi maʻi neurological koʻikoʻi loa! Ma muli o nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo a me ke ʻano "kūpono", hiki i nā kānaka ke noho maluhia. Akā i ka hihia o ka hōʻino ʻana i ka regimen lāʻau lapaʻau a i ʻole ka mālama ʻole ʻana i nā pāpā (ka waiʻona, nā lāʻau lapaʻau), hiki ke hoʻonāukiuki ʻia kahi kūlana e hoʻoweliweli pololei i ke olakino!
He aha nā hoʻokolokolo e pono ai?
I mea e ʻike ai i ka maʻi, nānā ke kauka i ka anamnesis o ka mea maʻi iā ia iho, a me kona ʻohana. He paʻakikī loa ka hana ʻana i kahi hōʻailona pololei. He nui nā hana a ke kauka ma mua o kēia: nānā ʻo ia i nā hōʻailona, ke alapine o ka hopu ʻana, wehewehe ʻia ka hopu ʻana - kōkua kēia i ka hoʻoholo ʻana i kona ulu ʻana, no ka mea, ʻaʻole hoʻomanaʻo ka mea i loaʻa i ka maʻi. I ka wā e hiki mai ana, e hana i ka electroencephalography. ʻAʻole ʻeha ke kaʻina hana - he hoʻopaʻa ʻia ia o ka hana a kou lolo. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻenehana e like me ka computed tomography, positron emission a me magnetic resonance imaging.
He aha ka wānana?
Inā mālama pono ʻia ka epilepsy, a laila ma ke kanawalu pākēneka o nā hihia ke ola nei nā poʻe me kēia maʻi me ka ʻole o ka hopu ʻana a me ke kau ʻole ʻana i ka hana.
Pono nā kānaka he nui e lawe i nā lāʻau antiepileptic i ko lākou ola holoʻokoʻa e pale i ka hopu ʻana. I nā hihia kakaʻikahi, hiki i ke kauka ke ho'ōki i ka lawe ʻana i ka lāʻau inā ʻaʻole i loaʻa ka maʻi maʻi no kekahi mau makahiki. He pōʻino ka maʻi maʻi maʻi no ka mea e like me ka ʻūhā (hiki ke hiki ke loaʻa inā hāʻule ke kanaka i lalo i ka uluna, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe) a i ʻole ka hāʻule ʻana e hōʻeha a make paha. Eia kekahi, hiki ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka epileptic seizures no ka manawa pōkole, hiki ke alakaʻi i ka hopu ʻana i ka hanu.
No ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa tonic-clonic maʻamau, hiki ke make. Pono nā poʻe i ʻike i kēia mau hoʻouka ʻana i ka nānā mau, ma ka liʻiliʻi mai nā ʻohana.
He aha nā hopena?
ʻIke pinepine ka poʻe maʻi me ka epilepsy i kā lākou hopu ʻana i ka makaʻu i nā poʻe ʻē aʻe. Ua pilikia paha nā keiki i ka haʻalele ʻia e nā hoa papa. Eia kekahi, ʻaʻole hiki i nā keiki liʻiliʻi me ia maʻi ke komo i nā pāʻani haʻuki a me nā hoʻokūkū. ʻOiai ke koho pololei ʻana o ka lāʻau antiepileptic, hiki mai ke ʻano hyperactive a me nā pilikia aʻo.
Pono e kaohi ʻia ke kanaka ma kekahi mau hana – no ka laʻana, kaʻa kaʻa. ʻO ka poʻe i maʻi koʻikoʻi me ka epilepsy pono e nānā i ko lākou kūlana noʻonoʻo, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia mai ka maʻi.
Pehea e mālama ai i ka epilepsy?
ʻOiai ke koʻikoʻi a me ka pōʻino o ka maʻi, me ka hōʻoia ʻana i ka manawa a me ka mālama pono ʻana, hiki ke mālama ʻia ka epilepsy i ka hapalua o nā hihia. Hiki ke loaʻa kahi kala paʻa ma kahi o 80% o nā maʻi. Inā hana ʻia ka maʻi maʻi no ka manawa mua, a hoʻokō koke ʻia kahi papa o ka lāʻau lapaʻau, a laila i loko o ʻelua hapakolu o nā mea maʻi me ka maʻi epilepsy, ʻaʻole e hoʻi hou ka hopu ʻana i ka wā o ko lākou ola ʻana, a i ʻole e mae no kekahi mau makahiki.
Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia ka epilepsy, e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka maʻi, ke ʻano, nā hōʻailona a me nā makahiki o ka mea maʻi, e hana ʻia e ke ʻano hana ʻoki a conservative. Hoʻohana pinepine lākou i ka mea hope, no ka mea ʻo ka lawe ʻana i nā lāʻau antiepileptic e hāʻawi i kahi hopena maikaʻi paʻa ma kahi o 90% o nā maʻi.
ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau o ka epilepsy e pili ana i nā pae nui:
Nā diagnostics ʻokoʻa - hiki iāʻoe ke hoʻoholo i keʻano o ka maʻi a me keʻano o ka hopuʻana i mea e koho ai i ka lāʻau kūpono;
Hoʻokumu i nā kumu - ma ke ʻano maʻamau (maʻamau) o ka epilepsy, pono ka nānā pono ʻana i ka lolo no ka hele ʻana o nā hemahema o ke kino: aneurysms, benign a malignant neoplasms;
Kāohi hopu - makemake ʻia e haʻalele loa i nā mea pilikia: hana nui, nele i ka hiamoe, stress, hypothermia, inu waiʻona;
Hoʻokuʻu i ke kūlana epilepticus a i ʻole ka hopu hoʻokahi - hana ʻia ma ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka mālama pilikia a me ke kuhikuhi ʻana i hoʻokahi lāʻau anticonvulsant a i ʻole kahi lāʻau lapaʻau.
He mea nui ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ke kaiapuni e pili ana i ka ʻike a me ke ʻano kūpono i ka wā o ka hopu ʻana, i ʻike ka poʻe i ka pale ʻana i ka mea maʻi me ka epilepsy mai nā ʻeha i ka wā hāʻule a me ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa, e pale aku i ka poho a me ka nahu ʻana i ke alelo a hoʻomaha i ka hanu.
Lapaʻau lapaʻau no ka epilepsy
ʻO ka lawe mau ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau i kuhikuhi ʻia e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke hilinaʻi hilinaʻi i kahi ola mālie me ka ʻole o ka hopu ʻana. ʻAʻole ʻae ʻia ke kūlana i ka wā e hoʻomaka ai ka mea maʻi e inu i nā lāʻau lapaʻau ke ʻike ʻia kahi aura epileptic. Inā ua lawe ʻia nā lāʻau lapaʻau i ka manawa, ʻaʻole i ala mai nā harbingers o ka hoʻouka kaua e hiki mai ana.
I ka wā o ka mālama conservative o ka epilepsy, pono e mālama ka mea maʻi i kēia mau lula:
E nānā pono i ka papa kuhikuhi o ka lawe ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau a mai hoʻololi i ka dosage;
ʻAʻole pono ʻoe e kuhikuhi i nā lāʻau ʻē aʻe iā ʻoe iho ma ka ʻōlelo aʻo a nā hoaaloha a i ʻole ke kauka lāʻau lapaʻau;
Inā pono e hoʻololi i kahi analogue o ka lāʻau i kuhikuhi ʻia ma muli o kona nele i ka pūnaewele lāʻau lapaʻau a i ʻole ke kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe loa, e hoʻomaopopo i ke kauka hele a loaʻa i ka ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo no ke koho ʻana i kahi pani kūpono;
Mai ho'ōki i ka mālama ʻana i ka hiki ʻana i nā dynamics maikaʻi paʻa me ka ʻae ʻole o kāu neurologist;
E hoʻomaopopo i ke kauka i ka manawa kūpono no nā hōʻailona maʻamau a pau, nā loli maikaʻi a maikaʻi ʻole paha i ke kūlana, ke ʻano a me ke olakino ākea.
ʻOi aku ma mua o ka hapalua o nā mea maʻi ma hope o ka ʻike mua ʻana a me ke kau ʻana o kahi lāʻau antiepileptic e ola me ka ʻole o ka hopu ʻana no nā makahiki he nui, e pili mau ana i ka monotherapy i koho ʻia. ʻO ka hana nui a ka neuropathologist ke koho i ke ʻano kūpono. E hoʻomaka i ka lāʻau lapaʻau o ka epilepsy me nā mea liʻiliʻi, ʻoiai ke nānā pono ʻia ke kūlana o ka mea maʻi. Inā ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻōki koke ʻia ka hopu ʻana, e hoʻonui mālie ʻia ka dosage a hiki i ke kala ʻana.
ʻO ka poʻe maʻi me ka maʻi epileptic seizures e kuhikuhi ʻia i kēia mau pūʻulu o nā lāʻau lapaʻau:
Carboxamide - Carbamazepine (40 rubles no ka pōpō o 50 papa), Finlepsin (260 rubles no ka ʻeke o 50 mau papa), Actinerval, Timonil, Zeptol, Karbasan, Targetol (300-400 rubles no ka ʻeke o 50 mau papa);
Valproates - Depakin Chrono (580 rubles no ka ʻeke o 30 mau papa), Enkorat Chrono (130 rubles no ka ʻeke o 30 papa), Konvuleks (i nā hāʻule - 180 rubles, i ka syrup - 130 rubles), Convulex Retard (300-600 rubles no ka ʻeke 30 -60 papa), Valparin Retard (380-600-900 rubles no kēlā me kēia ʻeke o 30-50-100 mau papa);
Phenytoins - Difenin (40-50 rubles no ka pā o 20 papa);
Phenobarbital - ka hana hale - 10-20 rubles no ka ʻeke o 20 papa, Luminal analogue haole - 5000-6500 rubles.
ʻO nā lāʻau lapaʻau mua i ka mālama ʻana i ka epilepsy me nā valproates a me nā carboxamides, hāʻawi lākou i kahi hopena therapeutic maikaʻi a hoʻemi i nā hopena ʻaoʻao. Kuhi ʻia ka mea maʻi i ka 600-1200 mg o Carbamazepine a i ʻole 1000-2500 mg o Depakine i kēlā me kēia lā, e pili ana i ka nui o ka maʻi. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka dosage i 2-3 dosis i ka lā.
Ua manaʻo ʻia nā lāʻau lapaʻau Phenobarbital a me phenytoin i kēia lā, hāʻawi lākou i nā hopena ʻaoʻao weliweli, hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka ʻōnaehana nerve a hiki ke hoʻohui, no laila hōʻole nā neuropathologists hou iā lākou.
ʻO ka maʻalahi o ka hoʻohana ʻana he mau ʻano valproates lōʻihi (Depakin Chrono, Encorat Chrono) a me carboxamides (Finlepsin Retard, Targetol PC). Ua lawa ka lawe ʻana i kēia mau lāʻau 1-2 manawa i ka lā.
Ma muli o ke ʻano o ka hopu ʻana, mālama ʻia ka epilepsy me kēia mau lāʻau:
Hoʻopiʻi ākea - kahi paʻakikī o nā valproates me Carbamazepine;
ʻO ke ʻano idiopathic - nā valproates;
Hele ʻole – Ethosuximide;
Hoʻopaʻa myoclonic - ʻaʻohe hopena o ka valproate, phenytoin a me carbamazepine wale nō.
ʻO nā mea hou loa i waena o nā lāʻau antiepileptic - nā lāʻau lapaʻau Tiagabine a me Lamotrigine - ua hōʻoiaʻiʻo iā lākou iho i ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa, no laila inā ʻae ke kauka a hāʻawi kālā, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke koho ʻana iā lākou.
Hiki ke noʻonoʻo ʻia ka hoʻopau ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma hope o ʻelima mau makahiki o ke kala mau ʻana. Hoʻopau ʻia ka mālama ʻana i ka epilepsy ma ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa ʻana i ke ʻano o ka lāʻau a hiki i ka hāʻule ʻole ʻana i loko o ʻeono mahina.
Ka wehe ʻana i ke kūlana epilepticus
Inā loaʻa ka mea maʻi i kahi kūlana epileptic (ʻo ka hoʻouka ʻana i nā hola he nui a i ʻole nā lā), ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia ʻo ia me kekahi o nā lāʻau lapaʻau o ka hui sibazon (Diazepam, Seduxen) ma kahi ʻano o 10 mg no 20 ml o ka glucose. hoʻonā. Ma hope o 10-15 mau minuke, hiki iā ʻoe ke hana hou i ka injection inā mau ke kūlana epilepticus.
I kekahi manawa ʻaʻole pono ʻo Sibazon a me kāna mau analogues, a laila hele lākou i Phenytoin, Gaxenal a i ʻole sodium thiopental. ʻO kahi hopena 1-5% i loaʻa i ka 1 g o ka lāʻau lapaʻau e lawelawe ʻia i loko o ka intravenously, e hana ana i ʻekolu mau minuke hoʻomaha ma hope o kēlā me kēia 5-10 ml i mea e pale ai i ka hōʻino ʻana i ka hemodynamics a me / a i ʻole ka hopu ʻana i ka hanu.
Inā ʻaʻole kōkua nā injections i ka lawe ʻana i ka mea maʻi mai kahi kūlana epileptic, pono ia e hoʻohana i ka inhaled solution o ka oxygen me ka nitrogen (1: 2), akā ʻaʻole pili kēia ʻano i ka manawa pōkole o ka hanu, hāʻule a coma. .
ʻO ka lapaʻau ʻana i ka epilepsy
I ka hihia o ka maʻi maʻi maʻi ma muli o ka aneurysm, abscess, a i ʻole ka lolo lolo, pono nā kauka e hana i ke ʻoki e hoʻopau i ke kumu o ka hopu ʻana. He mau hana paʻakikī loa kēia, i hana mau ʻia ma lalo o ka anesthesia kūloko, no laila e noʻonoʻo ka mea maʻi, a e like me kona kūlana, hiki ke hoʻomalu i ka pono o nā ʻāpana o ka lolo ke kuleana no nā hana nui loa: motor, ʻōlelo, a ʻike maka.
ʻO ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo ke ʻano kino o ka epilepsy e hāʻawi maikaʻi iā ia iho i ka lāʻau lapaʻau. I ka wā o ka hana ʻana, hana ke kauka lapaʻau i kahi ʻoki piha o ka lobe kino o ka lolo, a i ʻole e wehe wale i ka amygdala a / a i ʻole ka hippocampus. He kiʻekiʻe loa ka holomua o ia mau hana - a hiki i 90%.
I nā hihia koʻikoʻi, ʻo ia hoʻi, nā keiki me ka hemiplegia congenital (underdevelopment o kekahi o nā hemispheres o ka lolo), hana ʻia kahi hemispherectomy, ʻo ia hoʻi, ua hoʻopau loa ʻia ka maʻi hemisphere i mea e pale ai i nā pathologies honua o ka ʻōnaehana nerve, me ka epilepsy. He maikaʻi ka wānana no ka wā e hiki mai ana o ia mau pēpē, ʻoiai he nui ka hiki o ka lolo o ke kanaka, a ua lawa ka hemisphere no ke ola piha a me ka noʻonoʻo maopopo.
Me ke ʻano idiopathic i ʻike mua ʻia o ka epilepsy, ʻo ka hana o ka callosotomy (ʻoki ʻana i ka corpus callosum, e hāʻawi ana i ka kamaʻilio ma waena o nā hemispheres ʻelua o ka lolo). Mālama kēia hana i ka hoʻi hou ʻana o ka epileptic seizures ma kahi o 80% o nā maʻi.
ʻO ke kōkua mua
Pehea e kōkua ai i ka maʻi inā loaʻa iā ia kahi hoʻouka kaua? No laila, inā hāʻule koke ke kanaka a hoʻomaka ʻo ia e hoʻokuʻu i kona mau lima a me kona mau wāwae, e hoʻolei i kona poʻo i hope, e nānā a hoʻopaʻa pono i ka nui o nā haumāna. He maʻi epileptic kēia.
ʻO ka mea mua, e neʻe aku mai ke kanaka aku i nā mea āpau i hiki iā ia ke hāʻule i luna ona i ka wā o ka hopu ʻana. A laila e huli ma kona ʻaoʻao a kau i kahi mea palupalu ma lalo o ke poʻo e pale ai i ka ʻeha. Inā luaʻi ke kanaka, e hoʻohuli i ko lākou poʻo i ka ʻaoʻao, i kēia hihia, e kōkua kēia i ka pale ʻana i ke komo ʻana o ka luaʻi i loko o ka ʻōpū hanu.
I ka wā o ka epileptic seizure, mai hoʻāʻo e inu i ka mea maʻi a mai hoʻāʻo e hoʻopaʻa ikaika iā ia. ʻAʻole lawa kou ikaika. E noi i kekahi e kelepona i ke kauka.
ʻO ka mea mua, e neʻe aku mai ke kanaka aku i nā mea āpau i hiki iā ia ke hāʻule i luna ona i ka wā o ka hopu ʻana. A laila e huli ma kona ʻaoʻao a kau i kahi mea palupalu ma lalo o ke poʻo e pale ai i ka ʻeha. Inā luaʻi ke kanaka, e hoʻohuli i ko lākou poʻo i ka ʻaoʻao, i kēia hihia, e kōkua kēia i ka pale ʻana i ka luaʻi mai ke komo ʻana i ka ʻōpū hanu.
I ka wā o ka epileptic seizure, mai hoʻāʻo e inu i ka mea maʻi a mai hoʻāʻo e hoʻopaʻa ikaika iā ia. ʻAʻole lawa kou ikaika. E noi i kekahi e kelepona i ke kauka.