ʻO Cholera

Hōʻike ākea o ka maʻi

ʻO kēia kahi maʻi ʻōpū huehue, i hele pū me ka hōʻino ʻia o ka ʻōpū liʻiliʻi, ke kaulike electrolyte, ka make wai o ke kino a, ʻo ka hopena, ʻona o ke kino. Hiki i kēia maʻi quarantine weliweli ke make inā ʻaʻole e mālama koke ʻia.

Hoʻolahalaha pinepine ʻo Cholera ma ke ʻano he ahulau^[4]… Hiki ke nānā ʻia kēia maʻi weliweli ma ke ʻano he meaola lāʻau. I kēlā me kēia makahiki, ʻehā miliona mau hihia o ka maʻi me kēia maʻi i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka honua. ʻO ka mea nāwaliwali loa i kēia mea i manaʻo ʻia he stratum o ka heluna kanaka e noho nei i nā kūlana unsanitary. No laila, hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā foci endemic nui ma Latin America, hema hikina a me ʻApelika Hema. Kū ka hanana kiʻekiʻe i ke kau kau wela-kau.

I ka wā mua, ʻo India kahi wahi wela o ka maʻi, akā i ke kenekulia 19, me ka ulu ʻana o ke kālepa, ua pāhola ʻia ke kolera a puni ka honua. A mai ia manawa, ua hoʻoluliluli ʻia ke kanaka mai kēlā manawa i kēia manawa e nā laha ʻana o ke kolela. I ke kenekulia 19 mua, i ka wā o ke ahulau mua, ka make o ka maʻi kolera i loko o nā miliona. ʻO ka lua o ka maʻi ahulau i hala ma kahi o 20 mau makahiki a hala ʻo Iapana, ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa a me ʻEulopa. ʻO ke kolu o ka maʻi ahulau i manaʻo ʻia he make loa. Ua hoʻomaka nā ʻepekema Pelekane e noiʻi i nā kumu o ka laha ʻana o ke kolera a hoʻomohala i nā ala e mālama ai. ʻOiai kēia, a hiki i ka waena o ke kenekulia 20, ua make kēia maʻi weliweli i miliona mau ola.^[3]… I kēia manawa ʻaʻole pālahalaha nui ka maʻi, akā hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā laha ʻana o ke kolera mai kēlā manawa kēia manawa i nā ʻāina kūkulu.

Nā kumu o ke kolera

ʻO ke kumu o ka hoʻomohala ʻia ʻana o ke kolera cholera vibrio, ka mea i loaʻa i ka flora o ka hapa nui o nā wai. Akā ma aneʻi he nui nā kuleana o ka helu o nā microorganism no ka nui o ka wai. No ka maʻi, pono e ale ʻia i hoʻokahi miliona vibrios.

ʻAʻole kūpaʻa ʻo Vibrio cholerae i ka waikawa hydrochloric, no laila inā komo ka hapa liʻiliʻi o nā microorganism i loko o ka ʻōpū, e make lākou. Me ka acidity haʻahaʻa, hoʻemi ʻia ka helu o nā microorganism i lawa no ka maʻi ʻana me ka cholera i nā manawa he nui. Mālama ka ʻōpū gastrointestinal i ke ala no ka maʻi, hiki i nā cholera vibrios ke hele ma laila i nā ala aʻe:

• pili-ʻohana;
• ma o nā lima haumia;
• ke ale nei i ka wai ʻoiai e ʻau ana i nāʻauwai me ka wai haumia;
• ke ʻai nei i nā hua a holoi ʻole ʻia;
• ma ka launa ʻana me kekahi mea maʻi;
• ke ʻai ʻana i ka iʻa iʻa (mākeke, ʻōpala) a me nā iʻa maloʻo i loaʻa ʻole ka mālama ʻana i ka wela kūpono

Hoʻopili kēia maʻi weliweli i nā mākua a me nā keiki, i ka manawa maʻamau i nā mahina mahana. Hiki iā ia ke lawe mai 10 mau hola a i 5 mau lā ma waena o ka lawe ʻana o Vibrio cholerae a ma mua o ka ʻike ʻia ʻana o nā ʻōuli mua, akā maʻamau ka lōʻihi o ka hoʻopiʻi ʻana he 2-3 mau lā.

Nā hōʻailona Cholera

Kaukaʻi ʻia i nā ʻōuli maʻiola, hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka cholera i:

1. 1 palapala holoi - ʻike ʻia ia e ka neʻe ʻana o hoʻokahi ʻōpū me ke olakino maʻamau. A laila e hoʻomaikaʻi hou ʻia nā ʻōuli - aia ka makemake e hoʻohaunaele, hoʻopiʻi ka poʻe maʻi no nā noho wai hoʻokuʻu a me ka hōʻoluʻolu ʻole i loko o ka ʻōpū;
2. 2 pepa maʻalahi - kūleʻa nā noho a he 5 mau manawa i ka lā, ʻaʻole lōʻihi aku ka maʻi ma mua o 2 mau lā, ʻoiai ke ʻoluʻolu nei ke olakino o ka mea maʻi, hopohopo iki ʻo ia no ka luhi a me ka make wai;
3. 3 ʻo Cholera ke kūʻokoʻa maʻamau, i kekahi mau kumuwaiwai ua kapa ʻia ia he make wai o ke kekelē 2. Me kēia ʻano maʻi, holomua ka holomua o ke kolera, a ʻoi aku ka nui o ka neʻe ʻana o ka ʻōpū, ke hopohopo nei ka mea maʻi no ka luaʻi ʻana, ʻaʻole hele pū me ka nausea. Aia he mau hōʻailona maopopo o ka make wai o ke kino, e like me ka make wai ʻole ʻole, e hoʻoliʻiliʻi ka turgor o ka ʻili, e mae nā membrane mucous, hoʻemi nui ka mimi. I kēia hihia, ʻike ʻia nā neʻe ʻana o ka ʻōpū wai a hiki i 10 mau manawa i ka lā, hiki i nā ʻūlū o nā lima a me nā wāwae, hiki ke maʻalahi ka tachycardia a me ke kani o ka leo. ʻO Cholera i kēia palapala ma kahi o 5 mau lā;
4. 4 ʻano koʻikoʻi a i ʻole ke kekelē ʻekolu o ka make wai e ʻike ʻia e nā ʻōuli koʻikoʻi koʻikoʻi: nā noho a me nā luaʻi. Hoʻohiluhilu i loko o ka ʻōpū a me nā lālā, ua nāwaliwali ka leo, a lohe iki ʻole ʻia. Lili ka ʻili o nā wāwae a me nā pāma i kahi helehelena o ka helehelena, ʻoi aku ka helehelena o ka maka i ka maka: hāʻule nā ​​maka maka, ʻike ʻia ka cyanosis o nā earlobes a me nā lehelehe. Ua hōʻea ʻo Tachycardia i nā paʻi he 3 i kēlā me kēia minuke. Pulse like thread, ke kō kaomi emi;
5. 5 ʻano koʻikoʻi loa Hoʻohālikelike i ka ulu wikiwiki ʻana o ka cholera, kahi e hoʻomaka koke ai me ka luaʻi mau ʻana a me nā noho maha. ʻIke maoli i loko o kekahi mau hola, hāʻule ka mahana o ke kino o ka mea maʻi i 35 kekelē. Loaʻa ka nāwaliwali nui, ka hanu a me ka anuria, hiki i ka hiamoe ke lilo i koma. Lilo ka ʻili i ka ashy, ʻoniʻoki mau ke kino, huki ʻia ka ʻōpū, lilo ka helehelena i mea ʻole.

Nā pilikia o ke kolera

I nā hihia koʻikoʻi, hiki ke ulu i nā pilikia kikoʻī:

• Hōʻike ʻo cholera typhoid iā ia iho i ke ʻano o ka diphtheria colitis, ʻoiai e hiki i nā huehue i ka ʻili, e like me ka maʻi ʻula;
• ʻo Chyloropopic uremia, ka mea e hele mau me ka hoʻokō kōpaʻa.

Kū aʻe nā pilikia pono ʻole i ka cholera ke hoʻopili ʻia kahi maʻi ʻelua. ʻO ka hapanui pinepine, paʻakikī ʻia ka cholera e ka pulumonia nui. Inā nalowale kahi nui o ka wai, hiki i ka haʻalulu hypovolemic.

Me ka therapy untimely, he pākēneka kiʻekiʻe o ka make o ka cholera

Kāohi Cholera

ʻAʻole haʻalele ka cholera i lawe ʻia i ka pale ʻana, no laila, hiki ke loaʻa hou i ka maʻi. ʻO nā hana pale nui ka:

• inu wale i ka wai hoʻomaʻemaʻe a i hoʻolapalapa ʻia paha;
• mai ʻauʻau i ka wai lepo a kamaʻāina ʻole paha;
• holoi pono i kou mau lima ma hope o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka lua a ma mua o ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka meaʻai;
• ka lāʻau ʻana o ka poʻe i ka laha ʻana o ke kolera;
• hoʻolaha i ka ʻike ma waena o ka heluna kānaka e pili ana i kahi o nā wahi kōkua kōkua olakino pōpilikia i nā wahi i laha ʻia ai ka maʻi;
• ka hana ʻana i nā hana i kuhi ʻia i ka hoʻolaha ʻana i nā pono hana i ka pale ʻana i ke kolera;
• ke ʻike ʻia nā ʻeke o cholera, pane koke a pane koke me ka pane multisectoral.

Ka lāʻau Cholera i ka lāʻau lapaʻau

Hiki ke hoola koke ʻia ʻo Cholera me ke kipa manawa ʻana i ke kauka. I ka lā mua, e uku no ka nalo nui o ka wai, kuhikuhi ʻia nā mea maʻi a hiki i 6 liters o nā paʻakai rehydration waha. No nā mea maʻi nui, i mea e pale aku ai i ka haʻalulu make wai, kuhikuhi ʻia nā infusions intravenous ma ka helu o 1 lita no 10 kg o ke kaupaona o ka mea maʻi. Hoʻohana ʻia nā mea antimicrobial e hakakā i ka maʻi pākī. Hoʻohana maikaʻi ʻia nā enterosorbents i ka lāʻau.

E nānā!

ʻAʻole kuleana ke alakaʻi no nā hoʻāʻo e hoʻohana i ka ʻike i hāʻawi ʻia, a ʻaʻole ia e hoʻohiki ʻaʻole e hōʻeha iā ʻoe iho. ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻohana i nā mea e kuhikuhi ai i ka lāʻau lapaʻau a hana i kahi kuhi. E nīnau mau i kāu kauka loea.