Le cholesterol he kino momona pono no ka hana o ke kino. Hoʻohana nui ʻia ia i ka haku ʻana o nā membrane cell a lawelawe, ma waena o nā mea ʻē aʻe, he "mea maka" no ka synthesis o nā hormones (steroids).

Eia nō naʻe, hiki ke hōʻeha i ka cholesterol keu aku no ka mea e ulu aʻe i loko nā kīʻaha koko a e hana i na papa i kapaiaatherosclerosis hiki i ka hopena ke hoʻonui i ka pilikia cardiovascular.

ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka Cholesterol i loko o ke koko: no laila pono e lawe ʻia i laila e nā protein, kahi e hana ai i nā paʻakikī i kapa ʻia he lipoproteins.

Hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia ʻo Cholesterol me nā ʻano "mea lawe" i ke koko:

• o ka LDL (No lipoproteins haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa): ʻO ka LDL-cholesterol ka mea i manaʻo ʻia he "kino" cholesterol. Ke kumu ? Lawe ʻo LDL i ka cholesterol mai ke ake a i ke koena o ke kino. Inā loaʻa ka LDL-cholesterol i ka nui loa, pili ia me ka piʻi ʻana o ka maʻi cardiovascular.
• o ka Hdl (No nā lipoproteins kiʻekiʻe): Ua kapa pinepine ʻia ka cholesterol HDL ma ke ʻano he "maikaʻi" cholesterol. ʻO kēia no ka mea ʻo ka hana a HDL ʻo ia ka "pump" cholesterol mai ke koko a lawe aku i ke ake, kahi e mālama ʻia ai. No laila, loaʻa iā lākou ka hopena o ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka cholesterol i loko o ke koko, a ʻo ke kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o HDL e pili ana me kahi pilikia cardiovascular haʻahaʻa.
• o ka VLDL (No lipoproteins haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa loa): hāʻawi nui lākou i ka lawe ʻana i kekahi ʻano momona, triglycerides.

Loaʻa ka cholesterol koko mai ka meaʻai akā mai ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo endogenous synthesis, i loko o ke ake.

ʻO ke ana ʻana o ke kiʻekiʻe o ka cholesterol koko (cholesterolemia) hana mau ʻia, ʻoi aku ma hope o 40 mau makahiki (a i ʻole 35 mau makahiki no nā kāne a me 45 mau makahiki no nā wahine), me ka manaʻo e ʻike hypercholesterolemia a hana i kahi " pili lipid “. Pono e hana ʻia kēia loiloi i hoʻokahi manawa i kēlā me kēia 5 mau makahiki ma hope o kēia makahiki.

Hiki ke hōʻike ʻia ke ana, ma waena o kekahi:

• ma mua o ke kau ʻana i ka contraception
• i loko o ke kanaka i ka cholesterol-hoʻohaʻahaʻa lapaʻau, e nānā i ka pono o ka lapaʻau
• inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā hōʻailona e hōʻike ana i ka cholesterol kiʻekiʻe (nā puʻupuʻu ʻili i kapa ʻia xanthomas).

ʻO ka hōʻiliʻili cholesterol e ʻike i ka nui o ka cholesterol, akā ma ka LDL-cholesterol,  HDL-kolekole a me ka huina cholesterol / HDL ratio, e kōkua ana i ka loiloi ʻana i ka pilikia cardiovascular. I ka manawa like, lawe ʻia kahi ana triglyceride koko.

Hoʻoholo ʻia ka cholesterol e ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ke koko i loko o kahi keʻena hoʻokolohua lapaʻau.

E hāʻawi ke kauka iā ʻoe i nā ʻōlelo aʻo e pili ana i ka pono e hoʻokē ʻai a ʻaʻole paha, ʻaʻole e inu i ka waiʻona ma mua o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana a e lawe (a ʻaʻole paha) kāu mau lāʻau, inā ʻoe e mālama ʻia.

Ma muli o ka hopena, hiki i ke kauka ke hoʻoholo inā e hoʻomaka a ʻaʻole i kahi lāʻau i kapa ʻia " hypolipémiant ”A i ʻole” hypocholestérolémiant », I mea e emi ai ka momona o ke koko, ina he kiekie loa. Hoʻokaʻawale mākou:

• hypercholesterolemia maʻemaʻe: kiʻekiʻe LDL-kolesterol pae.
• Hypertriglyceridemia maʻemaʻe: kiʻekiʻe triglyceride pae (≥ 5 mmol / l).
• ʻO ka hyperlipidemia hui ʻia: hoʻokiʻekiʻe ʻia ka LDL-cholesterol a me nā pae triglyceride.

Manaʻo ʻia ka waihona kaulike inā:

• LDL-cholesterol <1,60 g / l (4,1 mmol / l),
• HDL-kolesterol> 0,40 g / l (1 mmol / l),
• triglycerides <1,50 g / l (1,7 mmol / l).

Eia nō naʻe, pili nā ʻōlelo lapaʻau i ka makahiki o ka mea maʻi a me nā mea pilikia ʻē aʻe. Ua ʻokoʻa iki lākou mai kēlā ʻāina a i kēia ʻāina.

Ma ka laulā, hoʻomaka ka mālama ʻana (dietetic a / a i ʻole ka hoʻokele lāʻau) inā ʻoi aku ka nui o ka LDL-cholesterol ma mua o 1,6 g / l (4,1 mmol / l) akā ke kiʻekiʻe loa ka hopena o ka maʻi cardiovascular (hypertension, diabetes, ka mōʻaukala cardiovascular, etc.), hiki ke hoʻomaka ka mālama ʻana inā ʻoi aku ka nui o ka pae LDL-cholesterol ma mua o 1 g / l.