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Hoʻokaʻawale i ka sperm me ke ʻano Ericsson
No ka mea ua hoʻoholo ʻia ke kāne o ka pēpē ma muli o ke ʻano o ka sperm (X a i ʻole Y) e hui pū me ka hua, ua lawa ia e ʻike i ka poʻe e lawe ana i nā chromosomes i makemake ʻia e nā mākua. Ma ke kumumanaʻo, ʻoiaʻiʻo nō hiki ke koho i ka sperm "kane" a me "female". ma o nā ʻenehana genetic. ʻOi aku ka DNA o ka sperm X ma mua o ka sperm Y, no laila ua ʻoi aku ke kaumaha ma mua o Y. No laila hiki ke maʻalahi ke koho ʻia. Aia maanei ʻO ke ʻano Ericsson, i kapa ʻia ma muli o ke kanaka ʻepekema nāna i ʻike. Hana ʻia ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o ka spermatozoa ma nā cell sorters a i ʻole ma nā kolamu gradient serum albumin. Ke waiho nei ka pololei o kēia ʻenehana i ka nui o ka makemake. a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi no ke koho ʻana i nā kaikamahine. Ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, hāʻawi nā kaukani o nā keʻena lapaʻau kūikawā i ka hana hou ʻana i ke koho ʻana i ka wahine prenatal mai ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i ka sperm. No laila, loaʻa i nā keʻena keʻena kahi sperm i haku ʻia me ka sperm X a i ʻole Y sperm, a hoʻopaʻa ʻia i loko o ka ʻōpū o ka wahine ma ke ʻano o ka hoʻomake ʻana.
Preimplantation genetic diagnostic (PGD) e koho i ke kāne o ke keiki
I kēia lā, ʻo ka ʻenehana wale nō i hilinaʻi 100% i ke koho ʻana i ke kāne o ka pēpē ʻo PGD (preimplantation diagnostic). Ua pāpā ʻia kēia ʻano hana ma ʻEulopa inā ʻaʻohe pahuhopu therapeutic.. ʻO kēia ka hihia ke koho mākou i nā embryos no ka maʻalahi maʻemaʻe (koho o ke kāne o ke keiki). Ma Palani, ua hoʻoponopono paʻa ʻia ʻo PGD e ka kānāwai bioethics o 2011. Mālama ʻia ia no nā mākua i hiki ke hoʻoili ʻia kahi maʻi genetic koʻikoʻi i kā lākou keiki. I ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana, hōʻiliʻili ʻia nā oocytes o ka makuahine e hiki mai ana i mālama ʻia i ka mālama hormonal. A laila hana mākou i ka fertilization in vitro. Ma hope o kekahi mau lā o ka moʻomeheu, nānā ʻia hoʻokahi cell mai kēlā me kēia embryo i loaʻa pēlā. A laila ʻike mākou inā he wahine a he kāne paha ka embryo a ma mua o nā mea a pau, inā he olakino. ʻO ka hope loa, ua hoʻokomo ʻia nā embryos maʻi ʻole i loko o ka ʻōpū o ka wahine. He kumukūʻai loa kēia ʻano a ʻo ka hapa o ka hāpai ʻana i loaʻa e noho haʻahaʻa loa, ma kahi o 15%.
Hiki iā mākou ke hoʻomaopopo maʻalahi i ke koho ʻana i ke kāne o ka pēpē ma kēia ʻano hana he mea nui nā pilikia pili pono. Ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa a ma nā wahi ʻē aʻe o ka honua, akā naʻe, ʻaʻole hoʻopaʻapaʻa kēia nīnau. Ua ʻae ʻia ka ʻike genetic o nā embryos ma hope o IVF, me ka nānā ʻole i nā manaʻo o nā mākua e hiki mai ana. Ua lilo ia i ʻoihana momona. Ma Kaleponi a me Texas, hāʻawi nā kauka i nā kāne i ke koho o ke koho ʻana i ke kāne o kā lākou keiki ma kahi o $ 25. ʻO Dr Steinberg, he paionia ma ke kula, ʻo ia ke poʻo o ka Fertility Institute, aia ma Los Angeles. Hoʻokomo ʻia kona hoʻokumu ʻana i nā ʻAmelika mai nā ʻāina āpau, akā ʻo nā Kanada kekahi. Ua hoʻohiki ʻo ia i kēia lā e koho i ke kala o nā maka o kāna keiki.
Ke koho ʻana i ke kāne o kāu pēpē: koho ʻana i ka ʻōpū
ʻO kekahi ʻano nīnau ʻē aʻe:hoʻopaʻa keiki koho. Ma ke kumumanaʻo, hiki iā mākou ke ʻike inā e kali ana mākou i kahi keikikāne a i ʻole he kaikamahine i ka wā o ka ultrasound 2nd, a i ʻole ma kahi o ka pule 22nd o ka hāpai ʻana. Akā me ka holomua o ka genetics, hiki iā mākou ke ʻike i ka wahine ma muli o kahi hoʻāʻo koko makuahine i lawe ʻia mai ka pule 8 o ka hāpai ʻana. No ka mea, aia ka DNA fetal i nā mea liʻiliʻi i ke kahe koko o ka makuahine. Ma Palani, mālama ʻia kēia ʻano hana no nā makuahine hāpai e hoʻoili i kahi maʻi genetic.. Pehea inā loaʻa kēia mau hoʻāʻo genetic? Ma ka Pūnaewele, hāʻawi nā pūnaewele ʻAmelika e hoʻouna i kekahi mau kulu koko e ʻike ai i ke kāne o kāu keiki. Ma hope o kēlā ? Hana ʻia ka hoʻomake ʻana inā ʻaʻole kūpono ke kāne?
E hoʻomanaʻo, ua pāpā ʻia kēia mau hana a pau ma Farani, akā ua ʻae ʻia ma nā wahi ʻē aʻe, ʻo ia hoʻi ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, kahi i hana ai ka "ka moe koloheLaha loa. Ke kamaʻilio nei mākou no "ʻohana kaulike« e koho i ke koho ʻana i ke kāne o ka pēpē e hiki mai ana i uka no ka mālama ʻana i ke kaulike o ke keikikāne me ke kaikamahine i loko o ka ʻohana.
Ke koho ʻana i ke kāne o ka pēpē me ka ʻai: ʻO ke ʻano o Kauka Papa
Ua ʻike ʻia e Pr Stolkowski ke ʻano o Dr Papa, i kapa ʻia hoʻi ʻo ka papa ʻai a kaulana ʻia e Dr François Papa, ka maʻi maʻi. Loaʻa i ka makemake i kekahi mau meaʻai a me ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka ʻai ʻana i nā ʻano meaʻai ʻē aʻe e hoʻonui ai i kou manawa e loaʻa ai kahi kaikamahine a keikikāne paha. Hoʻokumu ʻia ia ma ka hoʻololi ʻana o nā huna huna a me ka pH o ka vaginal. Hōʻike kēia ʻano hana i nā helu kūleʻa ma kahi o 80%, ʻoiai ʻaʻole nele nā haʻawina ʻepekema e hōʻoia i kēia hopena.
Ke helu ʻana i ka lā ovulation e loaʻa ai ke keikikāne a he kaikamahine paha
Ua hōʻike ʻia ka hana a Dr Landrum Shettles he ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki o ka sperm Y (ʻo ia ka hopena o ka XY, ʻo ka ʻōhua kāne, ʻoiai ʻo ka hua manu X) ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki ma mua o ka sperm X (female). ʻOi aku ka lohi o X sperm, akā ola lōʻihi lākou i loko o ka lua o ka ʻōpū. No laila, ʻoi aku ka pili o kou moe ʻana i ka ovulation, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi keikikāne. ʻO ka mea ʻē aʻe, ʻoi aku ka nui o kou aloha ʻana mai ka ovulation, ma kahi o 3 a 4 mau lā ma mua o ka lā ovulation, ʻoi aku ka nui o kou hoʻonui ʻana i kou manawa e loaʻa ai kahi kaikamahine.
Ma ke ano like, aia ke ʻano o nā kūlana moe. No ka mea, ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki o ka Y sperm, ʻo ka moekolohe me ke komo hohonu e hāpai i ka hānau ʻana o kahi pēpē kāne, ʻoiai ʻo ka moe ʻana me ke komo pāpaʻu e hāpai i ka hānau ʻana o kahi kaikamahine.