Le haukaʻe i he kaʻina hana lapaʻau i loaʻa ʻohiʻohi sela ma ka hamo ʻana me kahi pulupulu liʻiliʻi, kahi spatula a i ʻole kahi pulupulu kūikawā. Ke kau ʻia ma luna o kahi paheʻe aniani, nānā ʻia nā cell ma lalo o kahi microscope e nānā i nā mea ʻino.

ʻO ka smear maʻamau Pāpaʻi pap. ʻO kēia kahi loiloi gynecological e pili ana i ka lawe ʻana i nā pūnaewele mai kapi a e nānā iā lākou ma lalo o kahi microscope i mea e nānā ai i ko lākou helehelena (i mea e ʻike ai i ka maʻi kanesa a i ʻole nā ​​​​ʻeha precancerous).

Hiki ke hana ʻia nā ʻano mea ʻē aʻe, e like me:

• le anal smear : lawe ana i na keena mai ke kapa o ka anus a nana ia malalo o ka microscope e ike ai ina ua loaa ia lakou kekahi mau loli ano e hiki ai ke alakai i ka ma'i kanesa.

• le kāʻili koko : ʻo ia ka hoʻolaha ʻana i kahi koko liʻiliʻi ma luna o ke aniani paheʻe a nānā ʻia ma lalo o kahi microscope, ʻoiai e nānā inā loaʻa nā ʻano like ʻole o ke koko a ʻaʻole paha i loaʻa nā ʻano like ʻole.

• ai ole ia o ka microbiological smear, lawe ʻia no ka laʻana ma ka ʻāʻī: lawe i kahi laʻana i mea e hoʻokō ai i nā hoʻokolohua bacteriological a mycological.

E hoʻomanaʻo i ka cervix, aia ma waena o ka vagina akōpū, ka noho paha onā maʻi papillomavirus (a i ʻole human papillomavirus, HPV), nā maʻi i hoʻoili ʻia ma ka moekolohe a hiki ke hoʻoulu i nā sela i hoʻopilikia ʻia i nā maʻi maʻi maʻi. No laila, 70% o nā maʻi ʻōpū o ke kīpē ma muli o kahi maʻi mua me ka papillomavirus. ka Ka maʻiʻeha he maʻi leo ʻole, ʻike ʻole ʻia nā hōʻailona lōʻihi. ʻO ia ka lua o ke kumu nui o ka maʻi kanesa i nā wahine ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa, a me kāna wehewehe no laila he mea nui loa. Wahi a ka National Cancer Institute, ma Farani, ua ʻōlelo ʻia e hoʻopaʻa ʻia i kēlā me kēia ʻekolu makahiki, ma waena o 25 a 65 mau makahiki.

Ma Quebec, kapa ʻia kēia hoʻokolokolo " hoao PAP A i ʻole ʻo Papanicolaou smear (i kapa ʻia ma muli o ke kauka nāna i hoʻokomo i kahi).

Hoʻokomo ʻia ka mea maʻi i kahi kūlana gynecological i ka wā e hoʻolauna ke kauka i kahi kikoʻī i mea e kāpae aku ai paia o ka waha. A laila wehe ʻo ia i nā cell mai ka ʻili o ka ʻōpū me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi pulupulu kūikawā a i ʻole ka pulupulu liʻiliʻi. He wikiwiki ka loiloi.

Hoʻokomoʻia nā pūnaewele ma luna o kahi paheʻe aniani, hoʻopaʻaʻia a hoʻohuiʻia kahi kala. Hoʻouna ʻia lākou i kahi keʻena hoʻokolohua no ka loiloi ma lalo o kahi microscope. No ka mea, ʻaʻole like ke ʻano o nā pūnaʻi maʻi maʻi me nā mea maʻamau, hiki ke ʻike ʻia.

Ma muli o ke ʻano o nā pūnaewele, hiki i ke kauka ke hoʻoholo inā he maʻamau ia a i ʻole he maʻi maʻi, precancerous a i ʻole ka maʻi kanesa ka maʻi o ka pūpū.

Hiki i kēia hoʻāʻo ke nānā i ka ulu o nā hunaola precancerous a i ʻole e hoʻi hou mai ke kanesa ma hope o ka mālama ʻana.

E hoʻomaopopo he mea nui ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa maʻamau, no ka mea ʻaʻole ʻo ka smear kahi hoʻāʻo hilinaʻi 100% a hiki ke loli nā cell i ka manawa.

Inā ʻaʻohe mea ʻino i nā smears ʻelua, pono e hana hou i ka nānā ʻana i kēlā me kēia 2 a i ʻole 3 mau makahiki.

Inā hōʻike ka hoʻokolokolo i kahi mea ʻino, hiki i ke kauka ke hana i nā hoʻokolohua ʻē aʻe:

• he ho'āʻo viral, e hōʻoia i ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi papillomavirus a i ʻole ka maʻi hū

• he biopsy

E hoʻomanaʻo he lāʻau lapaʻau e kūʻē i ka maʻi maʻi cervical, kahi e pale ai i nā ʻano nui o ka papillomavirus. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole pani kēia lāʻau lapaʻau i ka loiloi ʻana i ka smear, ka mea e pono ai.