Ua manaʻo ʻia ua hoʻonui ʻia ka nui o nā vegans ma UK e 360% i nā makahiki he ʻumi i hala iho nei, me kahi o 542 poʻe i lilo i vegan. He lāhui kanaka aloha holoholona ka ʻōlelo Pelekania, me nā holoholona ma kahi o 000% o nā hale, me 44 miliona mau ʻīlio ma UK. He mea maʻamau ia ma ia mau uku, hoʻomaka ka mana o ka veganism e laha i ka meaʻai holoholona. ʻO ka hopena, ua hoʻomohala ʻia nā meaʻai meaʻai meaʻai a me nā ʻīlio vegan.
He ʻai meaʻai maoli nā pōpoki, ʻo ia hoʻi, pono lākou e ʻai i ka ʻiʻo e ola ai, akā hiki i nā ʻīlio, ma ke kumumanaʻo, ke noho i ka meaʻai mea kanu - ʻaʻole naʻe ʻo ia ka manaʻo e kau ʻoe i kāu pipi i kēlā ʻai.
ʻīlio a me nā ʻīlio hae
ʻO ka ʻīlio hale he subspecies o ka ʻīlio hae hina. ʻOiai ua ʻokoʻa ko lākou ʻokoʻa ma nā ʻano he nui, hiki i nā ʻīlio a me nā ʻīlio ke hoʻohui a hoʻohua i nā keiki ola a momona.
ʻOiai he poʻe hahai holoholona maikaʻi nā ʻīlio hae, hiki ke loli nui kā lākou meaʻai ma muli o ke kaiapuni a me ke kau. Ua hōʻike ʻia nā haʻawina o nā ʻīlio hae ma Yellowstone Park i ka US i kā lākou ʻai ʻana i ke kauwela e pili ana i nā rodents liʻiliʻi, nā manu, a me nā invertebrates, a me nā holoholona nui e like me ka moose a me nā hoki. Ua ʻike ʻia naʻe, me kēia, ʻo nā mea kanu, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā mea kanu, he mea maʻamau i kā lākou ʻai - 74% o nā laʻana o ka ʻīlio hae i loaʻa iā lākou.
e pili ana i nā ʻīlio hae ua ʻai lākou i nā cereals a me nā huaʻai. Aia ka pilikia ma ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ʻaʻole i manaʻo nā haʻawina i ka nui o ka ʻai o nā ʻīlio hae i loko o nā mea kanu. No laila, paʻakikī ke hoʻoholo i ke ʻano o nā ʻīlio omnivorous a me nā ʻīlio home.
Akā, ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole like nā ʻīlio me nā ʻīlio hae ma nā mea āpau. Ua manaʻo ʻia ua hānai ʻia ka ʻīlio ma kahi o 14 mau makahiki i hala aku nei - ʻoiai ua hōʻike ʻia nā hōʻike genetic hou e hiki ke hana ʻia ma mua o 000 mau makahiki i hala. Nui nā mea i loli i kēia manawa, a i nā hanauna he nui, ua hoʻonui ʻia ka manaʻo o ke kanaka a me ka meaʻai i nā ʻīlio.
I ka makahiki 2013, ua hoʻoholo ka poʻe noiʻi Suedena e loaʻa i ka genome o ka ʻīlio ka nui o nā code e hana ana i kahi enzyme i kapa ʻia ʻo amylase, ʻo ia ke kī i ka hoʻoemi ʻana i ka starch. ʻO ia hoʻi, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā ʻīlio ma mua o nā ʻīlio hae i ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka starch—i loko o nā kīʻaha, nā pī, a me nā ʻuala. Hōʻike paha kēia i ka hānai ʻia ʻana o nā ʻīlio home i ka palaoa a me ka palaoa. Ua ʻike pū ka poʻe noiʻi i kahi mana o kahi enzyme ʻē aʻe i koʻikoʻi i ka ʻai ʻana o ka starch, maltose, i nā ʻīlio home. Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā ʻīlio hae, ʻoi aku ka like o kēia enzyme i loko o nā ʻīlio me ke ʻano i loaʻa i nā herbivores e like me nā bipi a me nā omnivores e like me nā ʻiole.
ʻO ka hoʻololi ʻana o nā ʻīlio i kahi meaʻai mea kanu i ka wā o ka home ʻaʻole wale ma ke kiʻekiʻe o nā enzymes. I loko o nā holoholona a pau, pili ka bacteria i loko o ka ʻōpū i ke kaʻina hana o ka digestion i kekahi degere a i ʻole. Ua ʻike ʻia he ʻokoʻa loa ka microbiome ʻōpū i loko o nā ʻīlio mai ko nā ʻīlio hae - ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka maʻi bacteria i loko o ia mea e uhaʻi i nā ʻakika a i kekahi manawa e hoʻopuka i nā waikawa amino i loaʻa mau i ka ʻiʻo.
Nā hoʻololi kino
ʻOkoʻa loa ke ʻano o kā mākou hānai ʻana i kā mākou ʻīlio mai ka ʻai ʻana o nā ʻīlio hae. ʻO ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka meaʻai, ka nui a me ka maikaʻi o ka meaʻai i ka wā o ke kaʻina hana home i hoʻemi ʻia ka nui o ke kino a me ka nui o nā niho o nā ʻīlio.
Ua hōʻike ʻia ma ʻAmelika ʻĀkau, ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o nā ʻīlio hānai i ka poho a me ka haki ʻana o nā niho ma mua o nā ʻīlio hae, ʻoiai ua hānai ʻia lākou i nā meaʻai palupalu.
He hopena koʻikoʻi ka nui a me ke ʻano o ka iwi poʻo o ka ʻīlio i ko lākou hiki ke nahu i ka meaʻai. ʻO ka ulu ʻana o ka hoʻohua ʻana o nā ʻīlio ʻīlio me nā waha pōkole e hōʻike ana e hoʻopau hou ana mākou i nā ʻīlio hale mai ka ʻai ʻana i nā iwi paʻakikī.
Kanu mea kanu
ʻAʻole nui nā noiʻi i hana ʻia no ka hānai ʻana i nā mea kanu i nā ʻīlio. Ma ke ʻano he omnivores, pono e hiki i nā ʻīlio ke hoʻololi a hoʻoheheʻe i nā meaʻai meaʻai meaʻai i hoʻomoʻa maikaʻi ʻia i loaʻa nā meaʻai pono i loaʻa mau mai ka ʻiʻo. Ua ʻike ʻia kahi haʻawina he kūpono ka meaʻai meaʻai meaʻai i hana ʻia no nā ʻīlio holo kaʻa. Akā e hoʻomanaʻo ʻaʻole i hana ʻia nā meaʻai holoholona a pau i ke ala kūpono. Ua hōʻike ʻia kahi haʻawina ma USA he 25% o nā meaʻai ma ka mākeke ʻaʻole i loaʻa nā meaʻai āpau e pono ai.
Akā, ʻaʻole maikaʻi ka meaʻai meaʻai homemade no nā ʻīlio. Ua ʻike ʻia kahi haʻawina ʻEulopa i nā ʻīlio 86 ʻoi aku ka hapa o ka hapa i ka protein, nā waikawa amino pono, ka calcium, ka zinc, a me nā huaora D a me B12.
He mea pono nō hoʻi e noʻonoʻo i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o ka ʻai ʻana i nā iwi a me ka ʻiʻo hiki ke hoʻoikaika maikaʻi i ka ʻano o nā ʻīlio, a he hana leʻaleʻa a hoʻomaha no lākou. Ma muli o ka waiho wale ʻia ʻana o nā ʻīlio pipi ma ka home a ʻike i nā manaʻo mehameha, hiki i kēia mau manawa ke lilo i mea maikaʻi loa no kāu pipi.