Ua kākau ʻia kāna puke mālama keiki i 1943, a no nā makahiki he nui i kōkua i nā mākua ʻōpio e hānai i nā pēpē. Akā, e like me kā ka pediatrician ponoʻī i ʻōlelo ai, ua loli nā manaʻo e pili ana i ka ulu ʻana a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā keiki, ʻoiai ʻaʻole wikiwiki. Hoʻohālikelike
I kekahi manawa, ua nui ka walaʻau a Beniamina Spock me ka paʻi ʻia o ke alakaʻi lapaʻau “Ke Keiki a me kāna mālama”. Noise i kahi manaʻo maikaʻi o ka huaʻōlelo. ʻO ka mea mua, i kēlā mau lā, maikaʻi ʻole ka ʻike, a no nā mākua ʻōpio he nui, he ola maoli ka puke. A ʻo ka lua, ma mua o Spock, manaʻo ka pedagogy pono e hānai maoli ʻia nā keiki mai kahi moe i kahi ʻuhane kokoke i Spartan: ka hoʻopaʻi (e hānai i nā manawa he 5 a pololei i ka papa kuhikuhi, mai lawe pono ʻole iā lākou), ʻoʻoleʻa (ʻaʻohe palupalu a aloha), kikoʻī (pono hiki, ʻike, hana, a pēlā aku.). A ua komo koke ʻo Kauka Spock i loko o ka psychoanalysis keiki a aʻoaʻo i nā mākua e aloha wale i kā lākou keiki a hāhai wale i ka ʻōlelo a ko lākou puʻuwai.
A laila, ʻaneʻane 80 mau makahiki i hala aku nei, ua lawe ka kaiāulu i kahi kulekele aʻo hou me kahi bang, a ua hoʻolaha koke ʻia a puni ka honua. Akā inā, ma ka mea holoʻokoʻa, ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻopaʻapaʻa me ka pediatrician ʻAmelika - ʻo wai, inā ʻaʻole ʻo ka makuahine a me ka makuakāne, i ʻike ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o kā lāua keiki, a laila ua loaʻa iā Spock nā mea kūʻē i ka mālama olakino. ʻO kekahi o kāna ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo ua hala ka manawa. Akā he nui nā mea e pili mau ana. Ua hōʻiliʻili mākou i kēlā a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.
Pono ʻo pēpē i kahi e hiamoe ai
"He mea nui ka pēpē hānau hou ma mua o ka maikaʻi ma mua o ka nani. No nā pule mua, e kūpono ia i ka pālua, a me ka hīnaʻi, a i ʻole ka pahu a huki paha mai ka mea lole. ”
Inā nani ka pēpē i loko o ka ʻie wicker-cradle i nā pule mua o ke ola, a laila i loko o ka pahu a i ʻole pahu. E huli aʻe ka maʻalahi Dubious no ka keiki hānau hou. I ke ao hou, aia nā pēpē a me nā moe moe ma nā ʻeke āpau a me nā ʻono, a ʻaʻohe mea e noʻonoʻo e kau i kā lākou pēpē i kali ʻia i loko o kahi drawer mai ka lole. ʻOiai ʻaʻole ma mua loa, ua ʻōlelo nā pediatric no ka manawa mua ka pahu moe maikaʻi loa no ke keiki he pahu maoli. Ma Pinelana, no ka laʻana, hāʻawi lākou i kahi pahu me kahi dowry i nā haukapau makuahine a ʻōlelo ʻia e waiho i ka pēpē i loko.
"Ke kali nei ʻoe i kahi pēpē, e noʻonoʻo e kūʻai i kahi mīkini holoi. ʻO kēia ala e mālama ai i ka manawa a me ka hoʻoikaika. ʻAʻole maikaʻi ʻole e kiʻi i nā mea kōkua mīkini ʻē aʻe i ka home. “
E ʻōlelo hou aʻe, paʻakikī i kēia manawa ke loaʻa nā hale me ka ʻole o nā mīkini holoi. Ma kahi o 80 mau makahiki i hala aku nei mai ka paʻi ʻia ʻana o ka puke, ua holomua ka ʻohana holoʻokoʻa a lilo ʻo Kauka Spock, e nānā ana i ka wā e hiki mai ana, e hauʻoli no nā makuahine āpau: ʻaʻole wale nā mīkini holoi a me nā mea holoi holoi i lilo i automated, akā ʻo nā ʻōmole ʻaila hoʻi. , nā mea hana yogurt, nā mea hoʻomehana waiū a me nā pauma umauma hoʻi.
“Paipai ʻia he ʻekolu mau thermometers: no ke ana ʻana i ka mahana o ke kino o ke keiki, ka mahana o ka wai ʻauʻau a me ka mahana o ka lumi; pulupulu, mai ia oe e wili ai ka hae; pākeke kuhiliʻole me ka poʻi no nā pale pale ".
No nā makahiki he nui, ua paipai nā kauka i ke ana kuʻekuʻe lima o ke ana wela o ka wai, kahi ʻano ʻoi aku ka hilinaʻi a me ka wikiwiki. Ua kū mākou i ka wili ʻana iā Vata, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka ʻoihana. Eia kekahi, ua kapu loa ʻia e piʻi i loko o nā pepeiao akahai o ka pēpē me ka flagella pulupulu a i ʻole nā chopsticks. Ua hoʻololi kūleʻa ʻia nā bākeke me ke poʻi me nā mīkini holoi. A i ka manawa i hoʻohana maoli ai ko mākou mau tūtū wahine a me nā makuahine i nā bākeke enameled, nā diapers i hoʻolapalapa ʻia no nā hola he nui, kāpīpī ʻia me ke kopa pēpē grated.
"E lōʻihi paha nā pālule. Kūʻai koke i ka nui i ka makahiki i ka 1 makahiki. ”
I kēia manawa ua ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o nā mea āpau: ka mea makemake, a kau i kāna pēpē. I hoʻokahi manawa, ua paipai nā pediatrics Soviet i nā pēpē e hoʻopaʻa paʻa i ʻole e hoʻoweliweli ʻia e kā lākou neʻe reflex ponoʻī. ʻO nā makuahine i kēia manawa i loko o ka haukapila e komo ana i nā lole pēpē a me nā kākini, e ʻalo mau nei i ke kāʻei. Akā no ke kenekulia i hala, manaʻo kānalua ʻia nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo - ma hope o nā mea āpau, no ka makahiki mua, ulu ka pēpē ma ka awelika e 25 kenimika, a ʻaʻohe ʻoluʻolu a maʻalahi hoʻi kahi kapa komo nui.
"ʻO kēlā mau kamaliʻi i pakele ʻole me nā 3 mua a pau o ka mahina, e ʻānai ʻia paha lākou. Ke hiki i ka manawa o ke keiki e hiamoe ai, hiki iā ʻoe ke haʻi iā ia me ka minoʻaka, akā paʻa loa ʻo ia ka manawa no kona hiamoe. I ka ʻōlelo ʻana i kēlā, e hele, inā paha e walaʻau ʻo ia no kekahi mau minuke. ”
ʻOiaʻiʻo, nui nā mākua i hana pēlā, a laila hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ke keiki i ka moena. Akā ʻo ka hapanui o lākou e alakaʻi ʻia e ka noʻonoʻo maʻamau, ʻaʻole lākou e ʻae i ke keiki hānau hou, hoʻoluliluli lākou ia i ko lākou mau lima, ʻapo lākou, lawe lākou i ka pēpē i ko lākou wahi moe. A ʻo nā ʻōlelo aʻo e pili ana i ka "ʻae ʻana i kahi keiki e uē" i manaʻo ʻia ʻo kekahi o nā hana ʻino loa.
"Aʻo ʻia e aʻo i kahi keiki mai ka hānau a hiamoe ma kona ʻōpū, inā ʻaʻole ʻo ia e noʻonoʻo. Ma hope, ke aʻo ʻo ia e ʻolokaʻa, e hiki iā ia ke hoʻololi i kāna kūlana iā ia iho. ”
Ua maopopo i ke kauka ka hapanui o nā keiki e ʻoluʻolu e hiamoe ma ko lākou ʻōpū. A ke moe nei ma kou kua he mea hoʻoweliweli ke ola (inā luaʻi ke keiki, ʻeha ʻo ia). I kekahi mau makahiki ma hope mai, ua ʻike ʻia nā noiʻi olakino o kahi hanana weliweli e like me ka maʻi o ka make koke ʻana o ke keiki, a ua kuhihewa loa ʻo Spock. ʻO ke kūlana o ke pēpē ma ka ʻōpū i piha i nā hopena i hiki ʻole ke hoʻoliʻiliʻi.
"ʻO ka manawa mua e hoʻopili ʻia ai kahi keiki i ka umauma ma kahi o 18 mau hola ma hope o ka hānau ʻana."
Ma kēia, ʻokoʻa nā manaʻo o nā pediatric Lūkini. Kēlā me kēia hānau hānau laka, a he nui nā kumu pili i ka manawa o ka paʻa umauma mua. ʻO ka maʻamau ho'āʻo lākou e hāʻawi i ka pēpē i kona makuahine ma hope koke o kona hānau ʻana, kōkua kēia i ka pēpē e hōʻemi i nā hopena o ke koʻikoʻi hānau, a me kona makuahine - e hoʻoponopono i ka hana ʻana o ka waiū. Manaʻo ʻia ʻo ke kōkua o ka colostrum mua e hana i ka ʻōnaehana pale a me ka pale ʻana mai nā maʻi āpau. Akā i ka nui o nā haukapila makuahine Lūkini e koi ʻia e hoʻomaka e hānai i kahi keiki hānau hou ma hope o 6-12 mau hola.
"Pono e hoʻokomo i ka papa kuhikuhi a ka makuahine hānai i kekahi o nā meaʻai aʻe: ʻalani, ʻōmato, kāpī hou, a hua hua paha."
I kēia manawa ma nā mea e pili ana i ka hānai ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana i ka pēpē, nui ke kūʻokoʻa o nā makuahine. Akā ma Rūsia, ua haʻalele ʻia nā huahana i kapa ʻia mai ka papa inoa wahine ma nā keʻena olakino. ʻO nā hua citrus a me nā huaʻai - nā allergens ikaika, nā mea kanu hou a me nā huaʻai e kōkua i ke kaʻina hana o ka fermentation i loko o ke kino, ʻaʻole wale ka makuahine, akā ʻo ka pēpē hoʻi ma o ka waiū o ka makuahine (ʻoiai ke hānai ʻia ke pēpē). ʻO ka mea maʻamau, ua ʻōlelo ʻo Kauka Spock i nā pēpē e hoʻolauna i nā meaʻai pēpē, e hoʻomaka me nā huahana "hoʻokūkū". No ka laʻana, ka wai ʻalani. A mai ka 2-6 mahina, e ʻono ke keiki, e like me Benjamin Spock, i ka ʻiʻo a me ke ake. ʻOkoʻa ka manaʻo o ka poʻe meaʻai meaʻai Lūkini: ʻaʻole ma mua o 8 mau mahina, ʻaʻole hiki i nā ʻōpū ʻōpiopio o ke keiki ke ʻeli i nā kīʻaha ʻiʻo, no laila, i ʻole e hana ʻino, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka wikiwiki me ka lure ʻiʻo. A ʻōlelo ʻia e kali me ka wai no hoʻokahi makahiki, he mea liʻiliʻi lākou.
“Pololei ka waiū mai ka bipi. E hoʻolapalapa ʻia ia no 5 mau minuke. ”
I kēia manawa, ʻaʻohe paha pediatrician o ka honua e aʻoaʻo e hānai i kahi pēpē pēpē me ka waiū o ka bipi, a me ke kō. A ʻōlelo ʻo Spock. Maliʻa paha i kona manawa he kakaikahi ka hopena o ka maʻi ʻaʻai a he emi ka noiʻi ʻepekema e pili ana i ka makaʻu o ka waiū o ka bipi wahine i ke kino o ke keiki. I kēia manawa ʻae ʻia ka umauma a waiū wale nō. Pono e ʻōlelo ʻia ʻo kā Spock ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo no ka hānai ʻana ka mea i hōʻino loa ʻia.
"ʻO ke kō maʻamau, kō kōpaʻa, syrup kānana, kahi hui o dextrin a me soda kō, lactose. E paipai ke kauka i ke ʻano o ke kō e manaʻo ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi no kāu keiki. ”
ʻO nā mea nutrisy o kēia manawa mai kēia papa hana i ka weliweli. ʻAʻohe kō! ʻIke ʻia ka glucose kūlohelohe i ka waiū umauma, ka waiū waiū i hoʻopili ʻia, puree hua. A lawa kēia no ka pēpē. E mālama mākou i kekahi ʻano me ka ʻole o ka syrup syrup a me ka hui dextrin.
"ʻO ke keiki e kaupaona ana ma kahi o 4,5 kg a me ka ʻai maʻamau i ke ao ʻaʻole pono ia e hānai pō."
I kēia lā he manaʻo kūlike ko nā pediatric. ʻO ka hānai ʻana i ka pō e hoʻonāukiuki i ka hana o ka hormone prolactin, kahi e hiki ai i ka hānai ʻana i ka hānai. Wahi a nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo a ka WHO e hānai ai i ka pēpē e pono ai i kāna noi, i nā manawa a pau āna e koi ai.
"ʻAʻole wau e kākoʻo i ka hoʻopaʻi kino, akā manaʻo wau he mea hōʻemi ia ma mua o ka hoʻonāukiuki kuli lōʻihi. ʻO ka hahau ʻana i kahi keiki, alakaʻi ʻoe i ka ʻuhane, a hāʻule nā mea āpau i kahi. ”
No kekahi manawa lōʻihi, ʻaʻole hoʻopaʻi ʻia ka hoʻopaʻi kino o nā keiki no ka lawehala i loko o ke kaiāulu. Eia kekahi, i mau kenekulia i hala aku nei i Lūkia a hiki i kahi kumu ke hoʻopaʻi i kāna mau haumāna me nā koʻokoʻo. Manaʻo ʻia i kēia manawa ʻaʻole hiki ke hahau i nā keiki. ʻAʻole loa. ʻOiai nui nā hoʻopaʻapaʻa e pili ana i kēia pilikia.
"Hana ke komikina, hōʻike kīwī a me nā kiʻi ʻoniʻoni i ka ulu ʻana o ka lawehala ʻōpio?" ʻAʻole wau e hopohopo e pili ana i kahi keiki ʻeono makahiki o ke kaulike e nānā ana i kahi kīwī paniolo ma ke kīwī. ”
ʻIke mākou i nā makaʻu hoʻomākeʻaka a me ka naive o nā mākua i noho i ka waena o ke kenekulia i hala, akā ʻo ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ua pili kēia pilikia. ʻO ke kahe o ka ʻike e hoʻopōʻino ai i ka manaʻo o ke keiki, kahi i hiki ai i nā keiki o ke kula hou ke hele a nui loa. A pehea e hoʻopili ai kēia hanauna i ka hanauna i ʻike ʻole ʻia. Ua manaʻo ʻo Kauka Spock: "Inā maikaʻi ke keiki i ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka hana home, hoʻolōʻihi ʻo ia i ka manawa ma waho, me nā hoa aloha, ʻai a hiamoe i ka manawa kūpono a inā ʻaʻole makaʻu nā papahana hoʻoweliweli iā ia, e ʻae wau iā ia e nānā i nā hōʻike kīwī a e hoʻolohe i ka lekiō e like me ka makemake. ʻAʻole wau e hōʻino iā ia no ia mea a me ka hōʻino iā ia. ʻAʻole kēia e hoʻokau iā ia e aloha i nā polokalamu kīwī a me nā lekiō, akā ʻo ka mea ʻē aʻe. ”A ma kekahi ʻano pololei ʻo ia: ʻono ka hua i pāpā ʻia.
Hoʻomau ʻia me kā Kauka Spock ʻolelo aʻoaʻo i kēia manawa ma ka ʻaoʻao aʻe.
“Mai makaʻu i ke aloha aku iā ia a ʻoluʻolu hoʻi. He mea nui ia no kēlā keiki kēia keiki e pelo, ʻakaʻaka iā ia, kamaʻilio a pāʻani me ia, aloha iā ia a akahai me ia. ʻO kahi keiki nele i ke aloha a me ke aloha e ulu anuanu a pane ʻole. ”
I ke kaiāulu o kēia au, he kūlohelohe kēia a he mea paʻakikī paha ke noʻonoʻo i ka mea i loaʻa ʻole. Akā ʻokoʻa nā manawa, nui nā ʻano hana like ʻole no ka hānai ʻana i nā keiki a me ka austerity pū kekahi.
“Aloha ʻoe i kāu keiki me he mea lā a poina i nā ʻano āna i loaʻa ʻole. ʻO kahi keiki i aloha ʻia a mahalo ʻia e like me kona ulu ʻana e lilo i kanaka hilinaʻi i kona mau hiki a aloha i ke ola. ”
Me he mea lā maopopo ke kākau manaʻo. Akā i ka manawa like, hoʻomanaʻo kekahi mau mākua iā ia, e hāʻawi ana i ke keiki i nā ʻano kula ulu ulu āpau, e koi ana i nā hopena a hoʻokau i ko lākou mau manaʻo ponoʻī e pili ana i ka naʻau a me ka nohona. He mea lapuwale maoli kēia no nā mākua a me kahi hoʻāʻo no nā keiki. Akā ʻo Spock, ka mea i loaʻa iā ia kahi naʻaupō naʻaupō a lanakila i ka Olympiad i ka hoe waʻa, i hoʻokahi manawa makemake e ʻōlelo i kahi mea ʻē aʻe: e nānā i nā pono maoli a me nā hiki o kāu keiki a kōkua iā ia i kēia ala. ʻO nā keiki āpau, ke ulu nei, ʻaʻole hiki ke lilo i diplomats me kahi ʻoihana akamai a i ʻole nā ʻepekema e ʻike nei i nā kānāwai hou o ka physics, akā hiki nō iā lākou ke lilo i ka hilinaʻi iā lākou iho a me ke kuʻikahi.
"Inā makemake ʻoe i ka hānai koʻikoʻi ʻana, e kūlike i ke ʻano o ke koi ʻana i nā loina maikaʻi, ka hoʻolohe pono ʻole a me ka pololei. Akā he mea ʻino ke koʻikoʻi inā kolohe nā mākua me kā lākou keiki a ʻoluʻolu ʻole mau iā lākou. ”
'Oftenlelo pinepine nā psychologists o kēia manawa e pili ana i kēia: ʻo ka mea nui i ka hānai ʻana he kūlike, kūlike a me kahi hiʻohiʻona pilikino.
"Ke pono ʻoe e ʻōlelo e pili ana i ka hana a ke keiki, mai hana pū me nā malihini, o hoʻohilahila ʻia ke keiki."
"Ke hoʻāʻo nei kekahi poʻe e" hāpai "i ke kūʻokoʻa i kahi keiki ma ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana iā ia wale no kahi manawa lōʻihi i kahi lumi, ʻoiai ke uē nei ʻo ia mai ka makaʻu. Manaʻo wau ʻaʻole hiki i nā hana kolohe ke lawe i nā hopena maikaʻi. ”
"Inā pili paʻa wale nā mākua i kā lākou keiki, lilo lākou i mea hoihoi ʻole no ka poʻe e kokoke ana iā lākou a ʻo kekahi hoʻi. Hoʻopiʻi lākou ua puni lākou i nā paia ʻehā ma muli o kahi keiki, ʻoiai lākou nō ka hewa no kēia. ”
"ʻAʻole ia he mea kupanaha i ka manawa e loaʻa i nā makuakāne ka manaʻo like ʻole i kāna wahine a me kāna keiki. Akā pono ke kāne e hoʻomanaʻo iā ia iho ua ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o kāna wahine ma mua ona. ”
"ʻO ka hopena o ke aʻo ʻana ʻaʻole kaukaʻi ʻia i ke ʻano o ke koʻikoʻi a akahai paha, akā i kou mau manaʻo no ke keiki a me nā loina o ke ola āu e hoʻokomo ai iā ia."
“ʻAʻole hānau ʻia kahi keiki he wahaheʻe. Inā wahaheʻe pinepine ʻo ia, ʻo ia ka mea e hoʻokau nui nei iā ia. ʻ sayslelo ka wahaheʻe ʻo kāna mea nui ia. ”
"Pono e aʻo ʻaʻole wale i nā keiki, akā i ko lākou mau mākua hoʻi."
"Lilo ka poʻe i mau mākua ʻaʻole no ka makemake e lilo i martyrs, akā no ka mea aloha lākou i nā keiki a ʻike i ko lākou ʻiʻo o ko lākou ʻiʻo. Aloha pū lākou i nā keiki no ka mea, i ka wā kamaliʻi, aloha ko lākou mau mākua iā lākou. ”
"Manaʻo nui nā kāne he kāne ʻole ka mālama keiki. Akā he aha ka mea e pale ai i ka makuakāne akahai a me ke kāne maoli i ka manawa like? ”
“Me he lāʻau lā ke aloha. ʻOiai inā ʻaʻole ia e hāʻawi i ka leʻaleʻa i ke kāne, ua maʻa iā ia, ʻaʻole hiki iā ia ke hana me ka ʻole. ”
"ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi e pāʻani i 15 no hoʻokahi minuke me kāu keiki, a laila e ʻōlelo," A i kēia manawa ua heluhelu wau i ka nūpepa, "ma mua o ka lilo o ka lā holoʻokoʻa i ka zoo, e hōʻino ana i nā mea āpau.