ʻO ka puʻukū Eustachian (i kapa ʻia ma hope o ka anatomist ʻo Renaissance ʻItalia ʻo Bartolomea Eustachio), i kapa ʻia i kēia manawa ka puʻupuʻu pepeiao, kahi aʻa e hoʻopili ana i ka pepeiao waena i ka nasopharynx. Hiki iā ia ke kahua o nā ʻano maʻi like ʻole me ka hopena ma ka hoʻolohe maikaʻi.

Hana ʻia i nā ʻāpana iwi hope a me kahi ʻāpana mua o kahi ʻano fibro-cartilaginous, ʻo ka Eustachian tube kahi auwai i kūlou aʻe i luna, e ana ana ma kahi o 3 cm ka lōʻihi a me 1 a 3 mm i ke anawaena i ka wā makua. Hoʻohui ia i ka pepeiao waena (i hana ʻia e ka lua tympanic a me ke kaulahao tympano-ossicular i hana ʻia e nā ossicle 3) i ka ʻāpana kiʻekiʻe o ka puʻu, ka nasopharynx. Wehe ʻia i hope ma hope o ka ihu ihu.

E like me ka kiwikā, wehe ka Tube eustachian i ka wā o ka ale ʻana a me ka ʻū ʻana. Pēlā e hiki ai ke hoʻopuni i ka ea i loko o ka pepeiao a mālama i ke kaomi like ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua o ka membrane tympanic, ma waena o ka pepeiao o loko a me waho. Mālama pū ʻia ka ea o ka pepeiao waena a me ke kahawai i ka ʻāʻī o nā huna o ka pepeiao, a pēlā e pale ai i ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana o nā huna kolohe i ka lua o ka eardrum. Ma o kāna mau hana o ka equipressure a me ke pale ʻana a me ka pale mechanical, hāʻawi ka paipu Eustachian i ka pono o ke kino a me ka hana kūpono o ka ʻōnaehana tympano-ossicular, a no laila i ka hoʻolohe maikaʻi.

E hoʻomaopopo he hiki ke hana i ka wehe ʻana o ka Eustachian tube ʻeleu ke piʻi ka piʻi o ka lewa, e ka moni wale ʻana inā nāwaliwali ke kaomi ma waena o ke kino a me waho, e like me ka laʻana i ka iho ʻana i kahi mokulele, i loko o ke ana, a pēlā aku. i mea e pale ʻole ai nā pepeiao. ", A i ʻole nā ​​maneuvers compensatory (Vasalva, Frenzel, BTV) ke piʻi nui ka piʻi o waho, e like me ka freediver.

I nā pēpē a me nā keiki, ʻoi aku ka pōkole o ka Tube eustachian (ma kahi o 18 mm ka lōʻihi) a ʻoi pololei. No laila ke piʻi nei nā huna huna nasopharyngeal i ka pepeiao o loko - kahi fortiori me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻole o ka ihu a me ka puhi ʻole ʻana - a laila hiki ke alakaʻi ʻia i ka media otitis ākea (AOM), i hōʻike ʻia e ka mumū o ka pepeiao waena me ke kū o ka wai retrotympanic. . Inā haʻalele ʻole ʻia, hele pū ka otitis me ka nalo ʻana o ka lohe ma muli o ka wai ma hope o ka eardrum. Hiki i kēia nalowale hoʻolohe hoʻolohe ke lilo i kumu, i nā keiki, o ka lohi o ka ʻōlelo, nā pilikia a me nā pilikia o ka hana. Hiki iā ia ke holomua i ka otitis mau me, me nā pilikia ʻē aʻe, ka nalo ʻana o ka lohe ma o ka perforation o ka eardrum a i ʻole ka hōʻino ʻana i nā ossicle.

ʻOiai i loko o nā mākua, ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ka Tube eustachian a piʻipiʻi iki i kona ʻano, ʻaʻole ia e pale i nā pilikia. Wehe ka pahu Eustachian i loko o nā puka ihu ma o kahi orifice liʻiliʻi i hiki ke lilo i mea maʻalahi ʻia; Hiki ke ālai maʻalahi i kāna isthmus ʻO ka hoʻohaunaele o ka uhi o ka ihu i ke anuanu, rhinitis a i ʻole kahi maʻi maʻi, adenoids, polyps i ka ihu, hiki i kahi tumo benign o ka lua ke pale i ka paipu eustachian a pale i ka ea pono o ka pepeiao waena, e hopena ana i nā ʻōuli maʻamau. .

Hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka hana ʻole o ka tubal e ka ālai ʻana o ka Tube eustachian. Hiki i kēia ke lahilahi a maikaʻi ʻole e wehe i ka physiologically, me ka ʻole o nā pathology i loaʻa, koe wale no kahi ʻano anatomical. ʻAʻole hoʻokani hou ka proboscis i kāna kuleana, ventilation a me ke kaulike kaulike ma waena o ka pepeiao waena a me ke kaiapuni e hana hou ʻole ʻia, e like me ka hoʻoheheʻe wai. E hōʻiliʻili i nā huna nui loa i ka lua tympanic. He pāpāho otitis mau.

Hiki i ke kīnā o Eustachian Tube ke alakaʻi i ka hoʻokumu ʻana i kahi ʻeke retraction o ka eardrum (retraction o ka ʻili o ka membrane tympanic) i hiki ai ke hoʻolohe i ka nalo ʻana a i kekahi mau mea luku. o ossicles.

ʻO ka Tube Tube Eustachian, a i ʻole ka nahu tubal, he ʻano ʻoi aku ka nui. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia ia e ka wehe kīnā ʻole, intermittently, o ka Tube eustachian. Hiki i ke kanaka ke lohe iā ia iho e ʻōlelo, ke pāʻani nei ka eardrum e like me kahi keʻena resonance.

I ke ʻano o ka hana pinepine ʻana o ka otitis media, ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana o ka tympanic, ka otitis serum-mucous me nā hopena auditory a me ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau, ke noi ʻia nei ma lalo o ka anesthesia ākea o nā aerator trans-tympanic, i kapa ʻia ʻo yoyos. . ʻO kēia nā ʻōnaehana i hoʻokomo ʻia ma o ka eardrum e hāʻawi i ka ea i ka pepeiao waena.

Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia e nā mea hoʻoponopono ʻōlelo a me nā physiotherapist, hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia i ka hoʻōla tubal i kekahi mau hihia o ka maʻi tubal. ʻO kēia nā hoʻoikaika kino a me nā hana pilikino ponoʻī e kuhikuhi ana i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka maikaʻi o nā mākala e pili ana i ka wehe ʻana i ka Tube eustachian.

Hāʻawi ʻia ka tuboplasty balloon, a i ʻole ka balbale tubal dilation i kekahi mau hale no kekahi mau makahiki. ʻO kēia hana ʻoki kino i hoʻomohala ʻia e ENT a me ka mea noiʻi Kelemania ʻo Holger Sudhoff i loko o ka hoʻokomo ʻana, ma lalo o ka anesthesia laulā, kahi catheter liʻiliʻi i loko o ka pahu Eustachian, e hoʻohana ana i kahi microendoscope. Hoʻokomo ʻia kahi baluna o kekahi mau 10 mm i loko o ka paipu a laila hoʻoheheʻe ʻia no 2 mau minuke, i mea e hoʻonui ai i ka paipu a no laila e hoʻokuʻu i nā kahawai maikaʻi o nā huna. ʻO kēia hopohopo wale nō nā mea maʻi makua, nā halihali o ka eustachian Tube hana pono ʻole me nā hopena i ka pepeiao.

No ka loiloi ʻana i ka hana o ka tuba, he ʻano ʻokoʻa nā hoʻokolohua a ke kauka ENT: 

• he otoscopy, kahi hōʻike ʻike maka o ka aʻa pepeiao e hoʻohana ana i kahi otoscope;
• audiometry e nānā i ka hoʻolohe ʻana
• Hana ʻia ka tympanometry me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi hāmeʻa i kapa ʻia he tympanometer. Hele mai ia ma ke ʻano o kahi hulina palapū palū i hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o ka aʻa pepeiao. Hoʻokumu ʻia kahi mea hoʻonāukiuki i ke kani o ka pepeiao. I ka probe like, kahi waha ʻelua e hoʻopaʻa i ke kani i hoʻihoʻi ʻia e ka membrane tympanic i mea e hoʻoholo ai i kona ikehu. I loko o kēia manawa, hiki i kahi hāmeʻa maʻalahi ke hoʻololi i ke kaomi ma muli o ka mīkini pahū holo. Hoʻouna ʻia nā hopena i ke ʻano o ke ālena. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Tympanometry e nānā i ke kū ʻana o ka wai i ka pepeiao waena, ka neʻe o ka ʻōnaehana tympano-ossicular a me ka nui o ke kahawai hoʻolohe ma waho. Hiki iā ia ke hana i ka hōʻailona, ​​i waena o nā mea ʻē aʻe, o ka media otitis ākea, ka maʻi tubal;
• nasofibroscopy;
• kahi scanner a i ʻole IMR.