ʻO ka trachea (mai ka latina trachia lalo), kahi lālā o ka ʻōnaehana hanu, e hoʻohui ana i ka larynx i ka bronchi.

wahi. Aia ma ka ʻaoʻao haʻahaʻa o ka ʻāʻī a me ka ʻaoʻao luna o ka thorax (1), ʻo ka trachea ka aʻa e hoʻonui ana i ka larynx. Hoʻopau ka trachea i ka pae o ka tracheal bifurcation e hoʻonui ana i nā bronchi nui ʻelua, ʻo ka bronchi nui ʻākau a hema (2).

'ole. Me ka lōʻihi o 10 i ka 12 cm, loaʻa i ka trachea kahi hanana fibro-cartilaginous elastis. Hana ʻia (2):

• ma nā paia o mua a me nā paia ʻaoʻao: mai 16 a 20 mau apo cartilaginous, ʻano lio, a me nā mea fibrous aia ma nā ākea ma waena o nā apo;
• ma ka paia hope: o kahi pūnaewele hoʻopili-muscular e hoʻopili ana i nā wēlau o nā apo.

Mucous. Hoʻopili ʻia ka loko o ka trachea me kahi membrane mucous i hana ʻia e 1 mau hunaola huna huna a me nā cilia cilia.

Hana hanu. Hiki i ka trachea ke hele i ka ea i ka bronchi.

Pale pale. Kōkua ka membrane membrane e uhi ana i ka trachea i ka pale ʻana i nā ake māmā i nā phenomena like ʻole (1):

• ʻo ka hūnā ʻana o ka mucus e hiki ai ke hōʻuluʻulu i nā mea haumia i loaʻa i ka lewa i hoʻoulu ʻia
• ka kipaku ʻia ʻana o ka lepo i waho e hoʻomaikaʻi i nā keena cilia

Eha ka 'ā'ī. ʻO ka pinepine o ke kumu viral, hiki i kēia hōʻailona ke kumu ʻia e ka hōʻino ʻana i ka trachea, keu hoʻi i ka hihia o ka tracheitis.

ʻAchelelo Tracheitis. Kūlike kēia pathology benign i ka lī ʻana o ka trachea. ʻO ka pinepine o ka kumu viral akā hiki ke hele i ka maʻi maʻi a i ʻole ka maʻi maʻi. Hiki i kēia ʻano ke hōʻike i kahi ʻano koʻikoʻi a hoʻomau paha i kahi ʻano mau. ʻO nā ʻōuli o ka tracheitis e kahe ana a paʻakikī i ka hanu ʻana i kekahi manawa.

Ka maʻi ʻaʻai o ka trachea. ʻO ia kahi ʻano laha ʻole o ke kanesa ʻāʻī (3).

ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau. Kaukaʻi ʻia i ka maʻi pilikino i hōʻike ʻia, hiki ke kuhikuhi ʻia kekahi mau lāʻau e like me ka suppressants batukū, nā lāʻau anti-inflammatory a antibiotics paha.

ʻO Chemotherapy, radiotherapy, hoʻomōhala hoʻomōhala. Kaukaʻi ʻia i ke ʻano o ka maʻi ʻaʻai a me kona holomua, hiki ke hoʻokō ʻia ka mālama ʻana me ka chemotherapy, radiotherapy a i ʻole hoʻomōhala hoʻomōhala ʻia.

ʻO keʻano maʻamau. Kaukaʻi ʻia i ke kahua o ka puʻupuʻu, hana ʻoki ʻia paha. Inā pono, hiki ke waiho i kahi prostesis tubular, ʻoi aku kahi stent, i mea e hāmama ai ka trachea (3).

Tracheotomy. I nā hihia koʻikoʻi loa, pili kēia hana i ka wehe i ka pae o ka larynx e ʻae ai i ka hele ʻana o ka ea a pale i ka asphyxiation.

Ke kaulike. ʻO ke ʻano o ka ʻeha i ka trachea e koi mua ai i kahi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua e loiloi i nā ʻōuli a ʻike i nā kumu o ka ʻeha.

ʻImi hoʻokolohua kiʻi. Hiki ke hana ʻia kahi ultrasound, kahi scan CT, a i ʻole MRI e hōʻoia i kahi kuhi.

I ka makahiki 2011, ua paʻi ka puke pai lapaʻau ʻo The Lancet i kahi ʻatikala e hōʻike ana i ka kūleʻa o kahi transacha trachea transplant. Ua hoʻokō ʻia kēia hana e kahi kime Kuekene nāna i hoʻomohala i kahi trachea i hana ʻia no ka mea maʻi me ka maʻi ʻaʻai hanu mua. Aia kēia trachea artific i kahi hanana manometric i lūlū ʻia me nā huna pū (4).