ʻO nā manamana lima (mai ka Latin digitus) nā hopena i haʻi ʻia i loko o ka hoʻonui ʻia o nā lima.

wahi. Aia nā manamana lima i ka laina me nā lima, ma nā ʻaoʻao luna a ʻaoʻao o ka pāma. ʻElima mau manamana lima (1):

• ʻO ka manamana lima ʻekahi, i kapa ʻia ka manamana nui a i ʻole pollux, ʻo ia wale nō ka manamana lima ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻaoʻao loa o ka lima. Hāʻawi ke kūlana iā ia i ka neʻe a me ka maikaʻi i ka hopu ʻana.
• ʻO ka manamana lima ʻelua, i kapa ʻia ka manamana lima, aia ma waena o ka manamana nui a me ka manamana waena.
• Aia ka manamana lima ʻekolu, i kapa ʻia ka manamana waena a i ʻole ka manamana lima, aia ma waena o ka kuhikuhi a me nā manamana lima. ʻO ia ke koʻi kuhikuhi no nā neʻe ʻaoʻao.
• ʻO ka manamana ʻehā, i kapa ʻia ka manamana lima, aia ma waena o ka manamana waena a me ka manamana liʻiliʻi.
• ʻO ka manamana lima ʻelima, i kapa ʻia ka manamana liʻiliʻi o ka lima a i ʻole ka manamana liʻiliʻi, aia i ka hoʻolōʻihi ʻia o ka lihi o ka lima.

Iwi iwi manamana. ʻO ka iwi o ka manamana lima i hana ʻia me nā phalanges. Me ka ʻokoʻa o ka manamana nui he ʻelua mau phalanges wale nō, haku ʻia kēlā me kēia manamana ʻekolu o nā phalanges (1), i haʻi ʻia ma waena o lākou.

• Hoʻomaopopo ʻia nā phalanges proximal me nā metacarpals, nā iwi o ka pāma, a lilo i nā ami metacarpophalangeal.
• Hōʻike ka phalanges waena me nā phalanges proximal a distal e hana i nā hono interphalangeal.
• Pili nā phalanges distal i nā wēlau o nā manamana.

'Ole o nā manamana. Ma kahi o ka iwi iwi, hana ʻia nā manamana lima (2) (3):

• nā ligament collateral, e hoʻokūpaʻa ana i nā metacarpophalangeal a me nā hono interphalangeal;
• nā pā palmar, aia ma nā papa palmar o nā hono;
• flexor a extensor tendons o nā manamana lima, e hoʻomaka ana mai nā ʻano nā mākala like ʻole o ka lima;
• ʻili;
• aia nā manamana lima ma ka wēlau o kēlā me kēia manamana.

Innervation a me ka vascularization. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā manamana lima e nā aʻalolo uila, nā lālā i puka mai ke aʻa waena, a me ke aʻalolo ulnar (2). Hāʻawi ʻia lākou e nā aʻa uila a me nā veins (3).

ʻO ke kūlana ʻike. Hoʻomaopopo nui nā manamana lima, e ʻae ana i ka ʻike nui o waho e ʻohiʻohi ma o ka hoʻopā ʻana a me ka hoʻopā (3).

Ka hana hoʻokō. ʻAe nā manamana lima i ka hopu ʻana, i kūlike i nā hana āpau e ʻae ana i ka paʻa (3).

Nā kuleana ʻē aʻe o nā manamana. He mea nui hoʻi nā manamana lima i ka hōʻike ʻana, ka meaʻai, a i ʻole nā ​​mea hoʻonani (3).

Hāʻawi ʻia i kā lākou hanana paʻakikī a me kā lākou hoʻohana mau, hiki i nā manamana lima ke hoʻopili ʻia e nā pathology he nui like ʻole nā ​​kumu.

Nā pathology iwi.

• ʻO ka haki o nā phalanges. Hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia a haki nā phalanges. Pono e hoʻokaʻawale i nā haʻihaʻi extra articular mai nā haʻihaʻi pili e pili ana i ka ami a koi i ka loiloi piha o nā leona. ʻO nā iwi haʻi o nā manamana lima ka mea e hoʻonā i ka neʻe ʻana o nā manamana (4).
• ʻO Osteoporosis: Hiki i kēia ʻano ke hoʻopili i nā phalanges a lilo i ka nui o ka iwi iwi i ʻike pinepine ʻia i ka poʻe ma mua o 60. Hoʻonui ia i ka palupalu iwi a paipai i nā bila (5).

Nā pathology hopohopo. Hiki i nā pathology hopohopo ʻokoʻa ke hoʻopili i nā manamana lima. ʻO kahi laʻana, carpal tunnel syndrome e pili ana i nā maʻi e pili ana i ka kaomi ʻana o ke aʻalolo waena ma ka pae o ka pūlima carpal, ʻoi aku ka pololei ma ka pae o ka pūlima. Hōʻike ia e like me ke kani ʻana i nā manamana lima a me ka nalo ʻana o ka ikaika o nāʻiʻo, ʻoi aku i ka pāma (6).

Nā maʻi muscular a me nā tendon. Hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia nā manamana lima e nā maʻi musculoskeletal, ʻike ʻia e like me nā maʻi ʻoihana a kū aʻe i ka wā nui, repetitive a i ʻole brutal solicitation o kahi lālā.

Nā pathology hui. Hiki i nā manamana lima ke noho o nā maʻi pū, i loko o ka hui ʻana o ka maʻi kōwao e hōʻuluʻulu ana i ka ʻeha e pili ana i nā hono, nā ligament, nā aʻa a me nā iwi. ʻO ka osteoarthritis ka ʻano maʻamau o ka maʻi o ka maʻi o ka maʻi a kuhikuhi ʻia e ka ʻaʻahu a me nā waimaka o ka cartilage e pale nei i nā iwi i nā hono. Hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia nā hui pāma e ka mumū i ka hihia o ka rheumatoid arthritis (7). Hiki i kēia mau kūlana ke alakaʻi i ka deformity o nā manamana lima.

Kāohi i ka haʻalulu a me ka ʻeha ma ka poho o ka lima. E kaupalena i nā haʻihaʻi a me nā maʻi musculoskeletal, pale ʻia e ka pale ʻana a i ʻole ke aʻo ʻana i nā neʻe kūpono kūpono.

Hōʻailona hōʻailona. I mea e hōʻemi ai i ka hōʻoluʻolu, keu hoʻi i ka hihia o carpal tunnel Syndrome, komo ke kumuhana i kahi mālamana i ka pō.

Hoʻomaʻo Orthopedic. Kaukaʻi ʻia i ke ʻano o ka haki, hoʻonoho ʻia ka plaster a i ʻole ke kēpau e immobilize i nā manamana lima.

Nā hōʻailona lapaʻau. Kaukaʻi ʻia i ka pathology diagnose, kekahi mau lāʻau i kauoha ʻia e hoʻoponopono a hoʻoikaika i ka iwi o ka iwi, a ʻae i ka decompression o kahi aʻalolo.

ʻO keʻano maʻamau. Kaukaʻi ʻia i ka maʻi maʻi i hōʻike ʻia, hiki ke hoʻokō ʻia kahi hana ʻoki, keu hoʻi i kekahi mau hihia o ka haki.

Ke kaulike. ʻO ka mea mua, hana ʻia kahi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua i mea e nānā a loiloi ai i nā ʻano a me nā hōʻailona kaʻa i ʻike ʻia e ka mea maʻi ma nā manamana lima.

ʻImi hoʻokolohua kiʻi. Hoʻohui pinepine ʻia ka hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua e kahi x-ray. I kekahi mau hihia, e hoʻohana nā kauka i kahi MRI, a i ʻole CT scan, e nānā a ʻike i nā leona. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka Scintigraphy a i ʻole ka densitometry iwi e nānā i nā pathology iwi.

ʻImi ʻimi uila. Hiki i ka electromyogram ke hoʻopaʻa i ka hana uila o nā aʻalolo a ʻike i nā leona hiki.

Hōʻailona o nā manamana lima. Aia nā hōʻailona he nui a puni nā manamana lima. ʻO kahi laʻana, aie ka manamana ʻehā i kona inoa "ring manamana" i ka hoʻohana ʻana o kēia manamana lima e komo i ke apo mare ma kekahi mau hoʻomana.