ʻO ka forearm kahi ʻāpana o ka lālā luna i hoʻonohonoho ʻia ma waena o ka kuʻe lima a me ka lima.

'ole. Hana ʻia ka forearm i ʻelua iwi: ʻo ka radius a me ka ulna (ʻike ʻia ʻo ka ulna). Hoʻopili pū ʻia lākou e kahi membrane interosseous (1). Ma kahi o iwakālua mau mākala e hoʻonohonoho ʻia a puni kēia axis a hāʻawi ʻia ma o ʻekolu mau ʻāpana ʻokoʻa:

• ke keʻena mua, kahi e hui pū ai i nā mākala a me nā mākala pronator,
• ka ʻaoʻao hope, nāna e hoʻohui pū i nā mākala extensor,
• ka ʻāpana kūwaho, ma waena o nā ʻāpana ʻelua o mua, kahi e hui pū ai i nā mākala extensor a me supinator.

Innervation a me ka vascularization. Kākoʻo ʻia ka ʻaoʻao o ka forearm e nā aʻa nui ʻekolu: ʻo nā aʻa waena a me ka ulnar ma ke keʻena mua a me ke aʻalolo radial ma nā ʻaoʻao hope a me nā ʻaoʻao ʻaoʻao. Lawe ʻia ke koko i ka forearm e ka ulnar artery a me ka radial artery.

ʻAe ka radius a me ka ulna i nā neʻe pronosupination forearm. Hana ʻia ʻo 2 pronosupination i ʻelua mau neʻe ʻokoʻa:

• ʻO ka neʻe ʻana o ka supination: hoʻonohonoho i ka poho o ka lima i luna
• ʻO ka neʻe ʻana o ka pronation: hoʻonohonoho i ka poho o ka lima i lalo

Nā hoʻoneʻe lima a me nā manamana lima. Hoʻonui nā mākala a me nā olonā i ka forearm e lilo i ʻāpana o ka musculature o ka lima a me ka lima. Hāʻawi kēia mau hoʻolōʻihi i ka forearm i kēia mau neʻe:

• ka lawe a hoʻokomo ʻana i ka pulima, a no laila e ʻae i ka lima e neʻe mai kahi a kokoke i ke kino
• flexion a hoʻonui i ka neʻe ʻana o nā manamana lima.

fractures. ʻO ka forearm pinepine ke kahua o nā haki, ʻo ka radius, ulna, a i ʻole ʻelua. (3) (4) ʻIke kikoʻī mākou i ka haki Pouteau-Colles ma ka pae o ka radius, a me ka olecranon, kahi e hana ana i ke kiko o ka kuʻe lima, ma ka pae o ka ulna.

osteoporosis. Loaʻa ka nui o ka iwi a hoʻonui i ka maka o nā haki i nā poʻe ma luna o 60 mau makahiki.

ʻO Tendinopathies. Hoʻonohonoho lākou i nā pathologies āpau i hiki ke hana ʻia i nā kaula. ʻO nā ʻōuli o kēia mau pathologies ʻehaʻeha i ka tendon i ka wā o ka hoʻoikaika ʻana. Hiki i nā kumu o kēia mau pathologies ke loli. I ka forearm, epicondylitis, i kapa ʻia hoʻi ʻo epicondylalgia, pili i ka ʻeha e ʻike ʻia i ka epicondyle, kahi ʻāpana o ka kuʻe lima. (6)

Hoʻoponopono. Kuhi lākou i nā tendinopathies e pili ana me ka mumū o nā uaua.

Lapaʻau ola. Kaukaʻi ʻia i ka maʻi, kauoha ʻia nā ʻano lapaʻau like ʻole e hoʻoponopono a hoʻoikaika paha i ka iwi o ka iwi a hoʻēmi paha i ka ʻeha a me ka mumū.

Lapaʻau ʻoki kino. Kaukaʻi ʻia i ke ʻano o ka haki, hiki ke hana ʻia kahi hana ʻoki pū me, e laʻa me ke kau ʻana i nā pine, kahi pā i hoʻopili ʻia a i ʻole kahi fixator kūwaho.

Ninaninau kino. Hoʻomaka ka hōʻoia me ka loiloi o ka ʻeha forearm e ʻike ai i kāna mau kumu.

ʻImi hoʻokolohua kiʻi. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka X-ray, CT, MRI, scintigraphy a i ʻole ka iwi densitometry e hōʻoia i ka ʻike.

ʻO ka epicondylitis kūwaho, a i ʻole ka epicondylalgia, o ka kuʻe lima i kapa ʻia ʻo "ʻelima kuʻekuʻe lima" a i ʻole "kuʻe lima o ka mea pāʻani tennis" mai ka manawa e hana mau ʻia i nā mea pāʻani leʻaleʻa. (7) ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka maʻa mau i kēia lā mahalo i ke kaona māmā o nā lāki o kēia wā. ʻO ka liʻiliʻi, pinepine ka epicondylitis o loko, a i ʻole ka epicondylalgia, i pili i ka “kuʻe lima o ke kolepa”.