Kiʻi a me ka wehewehe ʻana i ka iʻa hōkū ʻehā (Geastrum quadrifidum).

Iʻa hōkū ʻehā (Geastrum quadrifidum)

• Hōkū ʻāpana ʻehā
• Geastrum ʻehā-lobed

• Hōkū ʻāpana ʻehā
• Geastrum ʻehā-lobed
• Hōkū honua ʻehā ʻehā

Description

Hoʻopili mua ʻia nā kino hua, spherical, ma kahi o 2 cm ke anawaena, uhi ʻia me ka peridium, ma luna o ka ʻili āpau kahi i loaʻa ai nā kaula mycelial; makua - wehe ʻia, 3-5 cm ke anawaena. He ʻehā ʻāpana ka peridium, ʻo ia ka exoperidium a me ka endoperidium. ʻO ka exoperidium ma ke ʻano o ke kīʻaha, ʻekolu-papa a ʻelua paha, paʻa, haehae ʻia mai luna a lalo a waena i 4 mau ʻāpana like ʻole, kuhikuhi ʻia (mau ʻāpana), kūlou i lalo, a piʻi aʻe nā kino hua ma luna o nā lobes. , e like me nā "wāwae". ʻO ka papa mycelial waho he keʻokeʻo, felty, uhi ʻia me nā ʻāpana lepo, a nalowale koke. ʻO ka papa fibrous waena he keʻokeʻo a i ʻole isabella, maʻalahi. He keʻokeʻo ka ʻiʻo o loko, ua haehae ʻia hoʻi i 4 mau ʻāpana, e hoʻomaha ana me nā wēlau ʻoi ma nā kihi ʻoi o nā lobes o ka papa waho, a nalowale koke. He convex ke kumu. Piʻi ka waena me ka ʻaoʻao o loko o ke kino hua - ka gleba. ʻO gleba spherical a oval (ovoid) i uhi ʻia me ka endoperidium, 0,9-1,3 cm ke kiʻekiʻe a me 0,7-1,2 cm ākea. Ma ke kumu me kahi ʻōpala palahalaha, ma luna aʻe o ka endoperidium e hoʻopili ʻia a hoʻokumu ʻia kahi protrusion pōʻai maikaʻi (apophysis), ma luna e wehe ʻia me kahi lua, kahi i lako me kahi peristome haʻahaʻa. ʻO ka peristome he cone-cone, fibrous, me kahi pā ākea ākea, smoothly fibrous-ciliate, a puni kahi apo maopopo. ʻO ka wāwae he cylindrical a palahalaha iki paha, 1,5-2 mm ke kiʻekiʻe a me 3 mm mānoanoa, keʻokeʻo. ʻO ke kolamu me he pulupulu, ʻulaʻula-hinahina ma ka ʻāpana, 4-6 mm ka lōʻihi. Ua haehae pinepine ʻia kona exoperidium i 4, liʻiliʻi pinepine i 4-8 mau lobes kikoʻī ʻole, e kūlou ana i lalo, ʻo ia ke kumu e piʻi ai ke kino hua a pau ma luna o nā lobes, me he mea lā ma nā wāwae.

Nalo ka wāwae (ma ke ʻano kuʻuna).

ʻO Gleba ke oo ka pauka, ʻeleʻele-ʻulaʻula a ʻeleʻele. He ʻeleʻele, ʻeleʻele a ʻeleʻele paha nā spores.

Ke paʻi ʻia, hoʻopuehu nā spores ma nā ʻaoʻao āpau. He ʻoliva ʻeleʻele nā ​​spores.

NOHO A ME KA WA ULU

Ulu nui ka iʻa hōkū ʻehā ma luna o ka lepo one i ka deciduous, hui pū ʻia a coniferous - pine, spruce, pine-spruce a me spruce-broad-leaved nahele (ma waena o nā nila hāʻule), i kekahi manawa ma nā anthills i haʻalele ʻia - mai ʻAukake a ʻOkakopa. Hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma ko mākou ʻāina (ʻāpana ʻEulopa, Caucasus a me Siberia Hikina), ʻEulopa a me ʻAmelika ʻĀkau. Ua loaʻa iā mākou ma ka hikina hema o St. Petersburg i loko o kahi ululāʻau hui (birch a me spruce) ma lalo o kahi spruce kahiko ma nā nila i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ʻOkakopa (ua ulu nā halo ma ke ʻano he ʻohana).

KALUA ANA

He ʻano ʻokoʻa ka hiʻohiʻona o ka iʻa hōkū ʻehā a he ʻokoʻa loa ia mai nā halo o nā ʻohana a me nā ʻohana ʻē aʻe. Ua like ia me nā starlets ʻē aʻe, no ka laʻana, ka starfish arched (Geastrum fornicatum), nona ka exoperidium i māhele ʻia i ʻelua papa: ʻo ka waho me 4-5 pōkole, blunt lobes a me ka loko, convex i waenakonu, a me 4-5 lobes; ma luna o Geastrum i lei aliʻi (Geastrum coronatum) me kahi exoperidium ʻili a maʻemaʻe, e māhele ana i loko o 7-10 mau lobes hina-ʻeleʻele; ma Geastrum fimbriatum me ka exoperidium, i haehae ʻia i ka hapalua a i ʻole 2/3 - i loko o 5-10 (kakaʻikahi a hiki i 15) nā lobes like ʻole; ma luna o ka Starfish onioned (G. striatum) me ka exoperidium, haehaeia i 6-9 lobes, a me ka gleba hina hina; ma ka Shmiel's Starfish liʻiliʻi (G. schmidelii) me ka exoperidium e hana ana i 5-8 lobes, a me ka gleba me ka ihu nuku, ʻāhuʻu, ʻōniʻoniʻo; ma Geastrum triplex me ka puka fibrous ma luna o kahi gleba hina-ʻeleʻele.

Paʻa ia i nā lepo o nā ululāʻau deciduous a coniferous.