ʻO Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS), a i ʻole Acute Inflammatory Polyradiculoneuritis, he maʻi autoimmune e hoʻopōʻino ai i ke aʻalolo āpau a me ka lolo. Ua ʻōlelo ʻia he nui kēia maʻi lolo no ka mea maʻamau ka hoʻomaka ʻana me nā wāwae a me nā lima a laila palahalaha i ke koena o ke kino. Nui nā kumu, akā ʻoi aku ka nui o ka maʻi ma hope o ka maʻi, no laila kona inoa ʻē aʻe o ka polyradiculoneuritis postinfectious acute. ʻO kēlā me kēia makahiki ma Farani, 1 a 2 mau kānaka i 10 i hoʻopilikia ʻia e ka maʻi maʻi. (000) Ho'ōla hou ka hapa nui o ka poʻe i hoʻopilikia ʻia i loko o kekahi mau mahina, akā hiki i ka maʻi ke waiho i ka pōʻino nui, a i nā hihia liʻiliʻi, hiki ke alakaʻi i ka make, ʻo ka pinepine ma ka lolo o nā ʻiʻo hanu.

ʻIke ʻia ka ʻili a me nā ʻano ʻē aʻe ma nā wāwae a me nā lima, ʻano like pinepine, a palahalaha i nā wāwae, nā lima a me ke koena o ke kino. 'Oko'a ka 'ino a me ke ala o ka ma'i, mai ka nawaliwali o ka 'i'o ma'alahi a hiki i ka ma'i lolo o kekahi mau 'i'o, a ma nā hihia ko'iko'i, aneane pau loa ka lolo. ʻO 90% o nā mea maʻi e ʻike i ka pōʻino nui loa i ke kolu o ka pule ma hope o nā hōʻailona mua. (2) Ma nā ʻano koʻikoʻi, hiki ke hoʻoweliweli i ke ola ma muli o ka hōʻino ʻana i nā ʻiʻo o ka oropharynx a me nā ʻiʻo hanu, e hōʻike ana i ka pilikia o ka hanu ʻana a me ka hoʻomaha. Ua like loa nā hōʻailona me nā maʻi ʻē aʻe e like me botulism ((+ link)) a i ʻole maʻi Lyme.

Ma hope o ka maʻi, hoʻopuka ka ʻōnaehana immune i nā autoantibodies e hoʻouka a hōʻino i ka pū myelin e hoʻopuni ana i nā aʻalolo (axons) o nā aʻalolo peripheral, e pale ana iā lākou mai ka lawe ʻana i nā hōʻailona uila mai ka lolo a i nā ʻiʻo.

ʻAʻole ʻike mau ʻia ke kumu o ka maʻi Guillain-Barré, akā i loko o ʻelua hapakolu o nā hihia e loaʻa ia i kekahi mau lā a i ʻole mau pule ma hope o ka maʻi ʻaʻai, ka maʻi ʻāmāmā, ka maʻi maʻi ... ʻO ka maʻi ʻana e ka bacteria Campylobacter (kūpono no nā maʻi ʻōpū) ʻo ia kekahi o nā mea nui. mea pilikia. ʻOi aku ka kakaikahi, ʻo ke kumu o ke kano ʻana, ʻokiʻoki, a i ʻole trauma.

Hoʻopilikia pinepine ka maʻi i nā kāne ma mua o nā wahine a me nā pākeke ma mua o nā keiki (piʻi ka pilikia me ka makahiki). ʻO Guillain-Barré Syndrome ʻaʻole ia he maʻi lele a he hoʻoilina. Eia nō naʻe, hiki ke loaʻa nā predisposition genetic. Ma hope o ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa nui, ua hōʻoia maikaʻi ka poʻe noiʻi e hiki ke kumu o Guillain-Barré syndrome ma muli o ka maʻi me ka maʻi Zika. (3)

ʻElua mau lāʻau immunotherapy e hoʻopau i ka pōʻino o nā aʻalolo:

• ʻO Plasmapheresis, kahi e hoʻololi ai i ka plasma koko i loaʻa nā autoantibodies e hoʻouka i nā aʻalolo me ka plasma olakino.
• Hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o ke koko o nā antibodies (intravenous immunoglobulins) e hoʻopau i nā autoantibodies.

Pono lākou i ka haukapila a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi inā ua hoʻokō ʻia lākou i ka wā e kaupalena ʻia ai ka pōʻino i nā aʻalolo. No ka mea, i ka wā e hoʻopilikia ʻia ai nā aʻalolo i pale ʻia e ka puʻu myelin, hiki ʻole ke hoʻihoʻi ʻia ka hopena.

Pono e nānā nui ʻia i nā hemahema o ka hanu, ka puʻuwai a me ke kahe koko, a pono e kau ʻia ka mea maʻi ma luna o ka ventila kōkua inā hiki i ka maʻi maʻi i ka ʻōnaehana hanu. Pono paha nā kau hoʻoponopono no ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana i nā mākau kaʻa holo piha.

Maikaʻi ka wānana a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka ʻōpio o ka mea maʻi. Hoʻopau ʻia ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana ma hope o ʻeono a ʻumikūmālua mahina ma kahi o 85% o nā hihia, akā ma kahi o 10% o ka poʻe i hoʻopilikia ʻia e loaʻa i nā sequelae nui (1). ʻO ka maʻi maʻi ka make ma 3% a 5% o nā hihia e like me ka WHO, akā hiki i ka 10% e like me nā kumu ʻē aʻe. Loaʻa ka make ma muli o ka hopu ʻana i ka naʻau, a i ʻole ma muli o nā pilikia mai ka hoʻōla lōʻihi ʻana, e like me ka maʻi nosocomial a i ʻole pulmonary embolism. (4)