Ke hoʻopaʻapaʻa mau nei ka ʻike o kēia wahine i ka ʻepekema a me ka ʻepekema ʻole. Ua mihi ʻo Mahatma Gandhi ʻaʻole hiki iā ia ke hoʻopā i ka ʻaoʻao o kona ʻaʻahu, ua hoʻolaʻa ʻo Roerich i ka pena "Messenger" iā ia. Ua manaʻo kekahi iā ia he charlatan, he haʻi'ōlelo no Satanism, me ka hoʻokūpaʻa ʻana ua ʻaiʻē ʻo Hitler i ke kumumanaʻo o ke kūlana lāhui mai ka manaʻo o nā lāhui ʻōiwi, a ʻo nā seances āna i paʻa ai ʻaʻole he mea ʻē aʻe wale nō. Ua mahalo ʻia kāna mau puke a ua kapa ʻia ʻo frank compilation and plagiarism, kahi i hui pū ʻia ai nā aʻo a pau o ka honua.
Eia naʻe, a hiki i kēia manawa, ua paʻi maikaʻi ʻia nā hana a Helena Blavatsky a unuhi ʻia i nā ʻōlelo haole he nui, a loaʻa i nā mea pā a me nā mea hoʻohewa hou.
Ua hānau ʻia ʻo Helena Petrovna Blavatsky i loko o kahi ʻohana maikaʻi: ma ka ʻaoʻao o kona makuahine, ʻo ka mea kākau moʻolelo kaulana ʻo Elena Gan (Fadeeva), ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo "Russian George Sand", ua pili pono kona ʻohana me ka moʻolelo Rurik, a ua hele mai kona makuakāne mai ka ʻohana o ka helu o nā helu. Mackleenburg Gan (Kelemānia: Hann). ʻO ke kupuna wahine o ka ideologist e hiki mai ana o ka theosophy, ʻo Elena Pavlovna, he mea mālama ʻokoʻa loa ia o ka puʻu ahi - ua ʻike ʻo ia i ʻelima mau ʻōlelo, makemake ʻo ia i nā numismatics, aʻo i nā mystics o ka Hikina, a pili pū me ka ʻepekema Kelemania ʻo A. Humboldt.
Ua hōʻike ʻo Lena Gan liʻiliʻi i nā mākau kupaianaha i ke aʻo ʻana, e like me ka mea i ʻike ʻia e kona hoahānau, ʻo S.Yu ka mokuʻāina Lūkini koʻikoʻi. Ua hoʻopaʻa maoli ʻo Witte i nā mea āpau ma ka lele, ua loaʻa i kahi kūleʻa kūikawā ma ke aʻo ʻana i ka Kelemānia a me ke mele.
Eia naʻe, ua pilikia ke kaikamahine i ka hiamoe, lele i ke aumoe, hele a puni ka hale, hīmeni i nā mele. Ma muli o ka hana a ka makua kāne, ua neʻe pinepine ka ʻohana Gan, a ʻaʻole i lawa ka manawa o ka makuahine e hoʻolohe ai i nā keiki a pau, no laila ua hoʻohālike ʻo Elena i ka maʻi epileptic, ʻolokaʻa ma ka papahele, hoʻōho i nā wānana like ʻole, a Ua lawe ke kauwa makau i kahuna e mahiki i na daimonio. Ma hope aku, e unuhi ʻia kēia mau ʻuhane o ka wā kamaliʻi e kāna mau mea mahalo i mea hōʻike pololei o kona hiki i ka psychic.
ʻO ka make ʻana, ua ʻōlelo pololei ka makuahine o Elena Petrovna ua hauʻoli ʻo ia ʻaʻole pono ʻo ia e nānā i ka ʻawaʻawa o Lena a ʻaʻole loa i ke ola wahine.
Ma hope o ka make ʻana o ka makuahine, ua lawe ʻia nā keiki i Saratov e nā mākua o ka makuahine, nā Fadeevs. Ma laila, ua loa'a iā Lena kahi ho'ololi nui: he kaikamahine ola a wehe mua, makemake nui i nā pōle'ele a me nā hanana 'ē a'e, ua noho no nā hola i loko o ka hale waihona puke o kona kupuna wahine, 'o Elena Pavlovna Fadeeva, he mea 'ohi puke. Ma laila ʻo ia i makemake nui ai i ka ʻepekema kilokilo a me nā hana hikina.
I ka makahiki 1848, ua komo ʻo Elena i kahi male hoʻopunipuni me ka hope kiaʻāina kahiko o Yerevan, ʻo Nikifor Blavatsky, i loaʻa wale ke kūʻokoʻa piha mai kona mau ʻohana hoʻonāukiuki Saratov. ʻEkolu mahina ma hope o ka male ʻana, ua holo ʻo ia ma Odessa a me Kerch i Constantinople.
ʻAʻole hiki i kekahi ke wehewehe pololei i ka wā ma hope - ʻaʻole i mālama ʻo Blavatsky i nā diaries, a ua huikau kāna mau hoʻomanaʻo huakaʻi a ʻoi aku ka like me nā moʻolelo moʻolelo hoihoi ma mua o ka ʻoiaʻiʻo.
I ka wā mua, ua hana ʻo ia ma ke ʻano he mea holo lio ma ka circus o Constantinople, akā ma hope o ka haki ʻana i kona lima, haʻalele ʻo ia i ke kahua pāʻani a hele i ʻAigupita. A laila hele ʻo ia ma Helene, Asia Minor, hoʻāʻo pinepine e hiki i Tibet, ʻaʻole naʻe i holomua ma mua o India. A laila hele mai ʻo ia i ʻEulopa, hoʻokani ʻo ia ma ke ʻano he pianist ma Palisa a ma hope o ka pau ʻana i Lākana, kahi i ʻōlelo ʻia ai ʻo ia e hoʻomaka ana ma ke kahua. ʻAʻohe o kona ʻohana i ʻike pono i kona wahi, akā e like me ka hoʻomanaʻo ʻana o kekahi ʻohana, ʻo NA Fadeeva, hoʻouna mau kona makuakāne iā ia i ke kālā.
Ma Hyde Park, Lādana, i kona lā hānau i ka makahiki 1851, ua ʻike ʻo Helena Blavatsky i ka mea i ʻike mau ʻia i loko o kāna mau moeʻuhane - kāna kumu ʻo El Morya.
ʻO Mahatma El Morya, e like me kā Blavatsky i ʻōlelo ai ma hope, he kumu ia o ka Ageless Wisdom, a ua moeʻuhane pinepine ʻo ia iā ia mai ka wā kamaliʻi. I kēia manawa, ua kāhea ʻo Mahatma Morya iā ia e hana, no ka mea he misionari kiʻekiʻe ʻo Elena - e lawe mai i ka Hoʻomaka ʻUhane Nui i kēia ao.
Hele ʻo ia i Kanada, noho pū me nā kamaʻāina, akā ma hope o ka ʻaihue ʻana o nā wahine o ka ʻohana i kona mau kāmaʻa mai iā ia, ua lilo ʻo ia i mea hilahila me nā India a haʻalele i Mexico, a laila - ma 1852 - hoʻomaka i kāna huakaʻi ma India. Ua kuhikuhi ʻia ke ala iā ia e Guru Morya, a ʻo ia, e like me nā memo a Blavatsky, ua hoʻouna ʻo ia i kāna kālā. (Akā naʻe, ʻo ka NA Fadeeva hoʻokahi e ʻōlelo nei e pono nā ʻohana i noho ma Rūsia e hoʻouna i kāna kālā i kēlā me kēia mahina no ke ola).
Noho ʻo Elena i nā makahiki ʻehiku e hiki mai ana ma Tibet, kahi e aʻo ai ʻo ia i ka ʻuhane. A laila hoʻi ʻo ia i Lākana a loaʻa koke ka kaulana ma ke ʻano he piano. E hui hou ana me kāna Guru a hele ʻo ia i ʻAmelika.
Ma hope o ʻAmelika, hoʻomaka kahi huakaʻi hou: ma nā mauna Pōhaku a hiki i Kapalakiko, a laila Iapana, Siam a, hope, Calcutta. A laila hoʻoholo ʻo ia e hoʻi i Rusia, huakaʻi a puni ka Caucasus, a laila ma nā Balkans, Hungary, a laila hoʻi i St.
Eia naʻe, kānalua loa kekahi poʻe noiʻi e pili ana i kēia huakaʻi he ʻumi makahiki. Wahi a LS Klein, he kanaka kālaihonua a he anthropologist, i kēia mau makahiki he ʻumi i noho ai ʻo ia me nā ʻohana ma Odessa.
I ka makahiki 1863, hoʻomaka hou ka pōʻai huakaʻi he ʻumi makahiki. ʻO kēia manawa ma nā ʻāina Arab. Ma ke ola ʻana i ka ʻino ma ke kahakai o ʻAigupita, ua wehe ʻo Blavatsky i ka Hui ʻUhane mua ma Kairo. A laila, hoʻololi ʻo ia me he kanaka lā, hakakā ʻo ia me nā kipi o Garibaldi, akā ma hope o kona ʻeha nui ʻana, hele hou ʻo ia i Tibet.
He mea paʻakikī ke haʻi inā ua lilo ʻo Blavatsky i wahine mua, a he ʻokoʻa, he haole, i kipa aku iā Lhasa, akā naʻe, ua ʻike maopopo ʻia ua ʻike pono ʻo ia Panchen-lamu VII a ʻo kēlā mau kikokikona kapu āna i aʻo ai no ʻekolu makahiki, ua hoʻokomo ʻia i kāna hana "Voice of Silence". Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Blavatsky iā ia iho ma Tibet i hoʻomaka ai.
Mai ka makahiki 1870, hoʻomaka ʻo Blavatsky i kāna hana mesia. I ka USA, hoʻopuni ʻo ia iā ia iho me ka poʻe i makemake nui i ka spiritualism, kākau ʻo ia i ka puke "Mai nā ana a me nā hihiu o Hindustan", kahi e hōʻike ai ʻo ia iā ia iho mai kahi ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe - he mea kākau akamai. Aia ka puke i nā kiʻi kiʻi o kāna huakaʻi ma India a ua paʻi ʻia ma lalo o ka pseudonym Radda-Bai. Ua paʻi ʻia kekahi o nā ʻatikala ma Moskovskie Vedomosti, ua lanakila nui lākou.
I ka makahiki 1875, kākau ʻo Blavatsky i kekahi o kāna mau puke kaulana loa, ʻo Isis Unveiled, kahi āna i uhaʻi a hoʻohewa ai i ka ʻepekema a me ka hoʻomana, me ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa ʻana me ke kōkua o ka mysticism hiki ke hoʻomaopopo i ke ʻano o nā mea a me ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o ka noho ʻana. Ua kūʻai ʻia ke kahe ʻana i nā lā he ʻumi. Ua mokuahana ka ahahui heluhelu. Ua kāhāhā kekahi poʻe i ka noʻonoʻo a me ka hohonu o ka noʻonoʻo o kahi wahine i ʻike ʻole i ka ʻike ʻepekema, a ʻo nā mea ʻē aʻe i kapa ʻia kāna puke he ʻōpala nui, kahi i hōʻiliʻili ʻia ai ke kumu o ka Buddhism a me ka Brahmanism i ka puʻu hoʻokahi.
Akā ʻaʻole ʻae ʻo Blavatsky i ka hoʻohewa ʻana a i ka makahiki hoʻokahi e wehe i ka Theosophical Society, nona nā hana e hoʻomau nei i ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa. I ka makahiki 1882, ua hoʻokumu ʻia ke keʻena nui o ka hui ma Madras, India.
I ka makahiki 1888, kākau ʻo Blavatsky i ka hana nui o kona ola, ʻo The Secret Doctrine. Hoʻopuka ʻo Publicist VS Solovyov i kahi loiloi o ka puke, kahi i kapa ai ʻo Theosophy he hoʻāʻo e hoʻololi i nā postulates o Buddhism no ka hui atheistic ʻEulopa. Ua hoʻohui ʻia ʻo Kabbalah a me Gnosticism, Brahminism, Buddhism a me Hinduism ma kahi ʻano ʻano ʻē i nā aʻo a Blavatsky.
Hoʻopili nā mea noiʻi i ka theosophy i ke ʻano o ka syncretic philosophical a me nā aʻo hoʻomana. ʻO Theosophy ka "akua-akamai", kahi o ke Akua impersonal a hana ma ke ʻano he Absolute, a no laila ʻaʻole pono e hele i India a i ʻole e noho ʻehiku mau makahiki ma Tibet inā hiki ke loaʻa ke Akua ma nā wahi āpau. Wahi a Blavatsky, he hōʻailona ke kanaka o ka Absolute, a no laila, he priori, hoʻokahi me ke Akua.
Eia naʻe, ʻike ka poʻe hoʻohewa o Theosophy e hōʻike ana ʻo Blavatsky i ka Theosophy ma ke ʻano he pseudo-hoʻomana e koi ai i ka manaʻoʻiʻo ʻole, a ʻo ia iho e hana i ka manaʻo o Satanism. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole hiki ke hōʻole ʻia he mana ko nā aʻo a Blavatsky ma luna o nā cosmists Lūkini a ma luna o ka avant-garde ma ke kiʻi a me ke akeakamai.
Mai India, kona ʻāina hānau ʻuhane, ua haʻalele ʻo Blavatsky i ka makahiki 1884 ma hope o ka hoʻopiʻi ʻia ʻana e nā mana o India no ka charlatanism. Hoʻopili ʻia kēia me kahi manawa o ka hāʻule ʻole - ʻo kēlā me kēia ma hope o kekahi, hōʻike ʻia kāna mau hoax a me kāna mau hoʻopunipuni i ka wā hui. Wahi a kekahi mau kumu, hāʻawi ʻo Elena Petrovna i kāna mau lawelawe ma ke ʻano he kiu i ka lālā III o ka hoʻokolokolo aliʻi, ka naʻauao politika o ke Aupuni Lūkini.
A laila noho ʻo ia ma Belgium, a laila ma Kelemānia, kākau i nā puke. Ua make ʻo ia ma hope o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi maʻi i ka lā 8 o Mei, 1891, no ka mea, ʻo kāna poʻe mahalo i kēia lā ka "lā o ka lotus keʻokeʻo." Ua hoʻopuehu ʻia kona lehu ma luna o nā kūlanakauhale ʻekolu o ka Theosophical Society - New York, London a me Adyar.
A hiki i kēia manawa, ʻaʻohe loiloi unambiguous o kona ʻano. ʻO S.Yu ka hoahānau o Blavatsky. Ua ʻōlelo ʻino ʻo Witte iā ia ma ke ʻano he kanaka lokomaikaʻi me nā maka uliuli nui, nui ka poʻe hoʻohewa i ʻike i kāna kālena palapala kānalua ʻole. ʻO kāna mau hoax a pau i ka spiritualism ʻoi aku ka ʻike, akā ʻo nā piano e pāʻani ana i ka pōʻeleʻele a me nā leo o ka wā i hala ma mua o ka The Secret Doctrine, kahi puke i wehe i ka poʻe ʻEulopa i ke aʻo ʻana e hoʻohui i ka hoʻomana a me ka ʻepekema, he hōʻike ia no ka manaʻo noʻonoʻo, atheistic o ka poʻe i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke kenekulia XNUMX.
Ma 1975, ua hoʻopuka ʻia kahi peʻa leka ma India e hoʻomanaʻo ana i ka 100th anniversary o ka Theosophical Society. Hōʻike ia i ka ʻaʻahu a me ka motto o ka hui "ʻAʻohe hoʻomana kiʻekiʻe ma mua o ka ʻoiaʻiʻo."
Text: Lilia Ostapenko.