ʻO ka mesothelium kahi membrane e hoʻopili ana i ka hapa nui o nā mea o loko i mea e uhi ai a pale iā lākou. Hana ʻia ia i ʻelua papa o nā hunaola pālahalaha, ʻo kekahi o ia mea, ʻo ka papa o loko, hoʻopuni i nā ʻāpana like ʻole e like me ka akemāmā, ka puʻuwai a me ka ʻōpū, a ʻo ka lua, ʻo ka papa waho, he ʻano ʻeke e hoʻopuni ana i ka papa o loko. . Aia ka wai ma waena o kēia mau ʻāpana ʻelua o nā hunaola, kahi e kōkua ai i ka neʻe ʻana o nā meaola.

Hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia ka mesothelium i kekahi manawa e nā maʻi maʻi benign, a ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi loa, ʻo nā maʻi ʻaʻai i kapa ʻia ʻo mesotheliomas. Aia ia ma ka pleura pinepine pinepine ia, ʻo ia hoʻi ka mesothelium e uhi ana i ka akemāmā; i ka hapa nui o nā hihia, pili i ka asbestos. Akā ʻano laha loa kēia ʻano, aia, e like me nā helu mai ka High Authority for Health, 600 a 900 mau hihia hou i ʻike ʻia i kēlā me kēia makahiki ma Palani.

Hana ʻia ka mesothelium i ʻelua papa o nā hunaola pālahalaha i kapa ʻia he mau mesothelial. Ma waena o kēia mau papa ʻelua he wai. Hoʻopili nā Mesothelium i ka ʻaoʻao i loko o ka ʻoluʻolu o nā ʻāpana o nā kino o ke kanaka (i kapa ʻia he mau membrane serous). No laila, pale kēia mau huna pūnaewele ʻelua i ka thorax, ka ʻōpū a i ʻole ka puʻuwai.

He mau inoa ʻokoʻa ko ka mesothelium ma muli o kahi i waiho ʻia i loko o ke kino: e pili ana i nā akemāhā ʻo ia ka pleura, ʻo ka membrane e uhi ana i ka ʻōpū, ʻo pelvis a i ʻole ka viscera i kapa ʻia he peritoneum, a ʻo ka hope loa ʻo ka mesothelium e pale ai i ka puʻuwai i kapa ʻia ka pericardium (hoʻopuni pū ka pericardium i ke kumu o nā moku nui).

ʻO ke kinowai e kū nei ma waena o nā papa ʻelua o ka mesothelium e kōkua ai i ka neʻe o nā meaola. I ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, hoʻopuni pololei ka papa o loko i kēia mau ʻona kūloko, ʻoiai ʻo ka papa o waho ka ʻeke e hoʻopuni ana i ka papa o loko.

ʻO ka hana nui o ka epithelium ka pale ʻana i nā ʻōnaehana i hoʻopuni ʻia:

• ʻo ka mesothelium e hoʻopuni ana i ka māmā i kapa ʻia ʻo pleura: hōʻike ia i nā ʻano o nā ʻili uhi epithelial. Akā hiki nō iā ia ke hūnā i nā hunaola: ʻo ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, hūnā ia, ʻo ia hoʻi, nā cytokine a me nā mea ulu. Hoʻohui ʻia, ka hoʻopili ʻana o ka lymph a me ka neʻe ʻana o ka wai pleura i hoʻopili ʻia i nā hale o ka pleura. Hoʻopili kēia, i kikoʻī, i nā pores ma ka pae o ka parietal pleura, e ʻae ai i ka holo ʻana o ka lymphatic e pili pono me kahi pleura.
• ʻo ka peritoneum ka mesothelium kikoʻī o ka ʻōpū. Pono kēia peritoneum, i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, e noʻonoʻo iā ia iho me he meaola. Hoʻomaopopo kāna anatomy i ke kahe o ka wai peritoneal, ʻo ka motika nui o ia diaphragm pono. Eia hou, ʻo ka membrane peritoneal kekahi wahi nui o ka hoʻololi. ʻO ka mea hope loa, ua hoʻololi ʻia i kēia membrane i nā kikoʻī immunological lehulehu;
• ʻO ka pericardium, ʻo ia ka mesothelium e hoʻopuni ana i ka puʻuwai, i ka hana physiological o ka mālama ʻana i ka myocardium, akā no ka ʻae ʻana iā ia e paheʻe i ka wā o ka paʻa ʻana.

Hiki i nā hunaola o ka mesothelium i kekahi manawa ke hoʻololi i hoʻololi i ke ala a lākou e ulu a hana hewa ʻole ai paha.

• i kēia manawa ke kumu o ka hoʻokumu ʻia o nā tumors non-cancerous i kapa ʻia, no laila ke noi nei: no ka laʻana, ka tumro fibrous o ka pleura, a i ʻole ka mea i kapa ʻia he mesothelioma multcystic;
• aia kekahi mau maʻi ʻino o ka mesothelium, akā he maʻi maʻi ʻoi loa ia: ʻo 600 a 900 mau hihia i helu ʻia i kēlā me kēia makahiki ma Palani. Aia ia i loko o ka pleura i pinepine pinepine ia, mai ka 90% o nā mesotheliomas malignant e hoʻopili i kēia pleura, e lawe nei i ka inoa o ka pleot mesothelioma. ʻO kēia mesothelioma pleural malignant, ma ka hapanui o nā hihia, i kumu ʻia e ka hōʻike ʻana i asbestos. ʻAneʻane 70% o nā hihia o ka pleot mesothelioma e hana i nā kānaka. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻo ka mahele like o nā mesotheliomas i kēlā ʻano i nā asbestos i manaʻo ʻia ma 83% i nā kāne a me 38% i nā wahine, e like me nā kiʻi mai ka Haute Autorité de Santé (HAS). Eia hou, ua hōʻike ʻia ka pilina hopena hopena;
• i nā hanana rarer nui, ma kahi o 10%, hiki i kēia maʻi ʻaʻai ke hoʻopili i ka peritoneum, a kapa ʻia ʻo peritoneal mesothelioma;
• ʻO ka hopena, nā hihia kūikawā loa e pili ana i ka pericardium, ua kapa ʻia kēia maʻi ʻaʻai ʻo mesothelioma pericardial, a ʻoi aku ka ʻē aʻe, hiki ke hoʻopili i ka ʻōpū testicular.

ʻO ka hoʻokele therapeutic, i ka hanana o mesothelioma, kēia maʻi ʻaʻai liʻiliʻi loa, he loea loa ia: pono e kūkākūkā ʻia i ka hālāwai kūkā kūkākūkā multidisciplinary. Aia nā kikowaena loea i hoʻolaʻa ʻia no kēia maʻi ʻaʻai ma Palani, kahi ʻāpana o kahi pūnaewele i kapa ʻia ʻo MESOCLIN. Mālama ʻia kahi lapaʻau e kekahi kime kūloko. ʻO Chemotherapy me ka paʻakai peletrexed a me ka platinum ka mālama maʻamau.

ʻO ke ʻoki lāʻau no nā kumu lāʻau lapaʻau he pleuropneumonectomy hoʻonui ʻia akā ke kū mau nei ia: ʻoiaʻiʻo, hiki iā ia ke hopohopo wale i nā wā mua a me nā pae resectable o ka mesothelioma. Ke hana ʻia nei i kēia manawa i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua.

Pono e hāʻawi ʻia kahi wahi nui i ka mālama kākoʻo a me ka mālama palliative, i mea e mālama pono ai i ka mālama ʻana i kahi ola o ka mea maʻi. He mea nui ke kākoʻo a me ka entourage, a me ka hoʻolohe ʻana, ka hele pū ʻana, ke alo. Akā pono kākou e hoʻomanaʻo maoli he ʻano laha ʻole kēia ʻano tumo malignant a koe ka ʻokoʻa. No nā ala o ka noiʻi i kēia manawa, ke hoʻohiki nei lākou a me nā mea lawe i ka manaʻolana:

• no laila, aia kekahi mau noiʻi e nānā i nā interferons, me ka pahuhopu o ka pale ʻana i ke ala i ka holomua ʻana o kēia maʻi ʻaʻai e nā mea hoʻonāukiuki o ka palekana maoli.
• eia kekahi, eia nō naʻe i ke kahua noiʻi i kēia manawa, kahi hoʻolālā e hoʻohana ana i ka viritit antitumor i loko o ka maʻi ʻana i nā hunaola maʻi ʻino me kahi virus me ke kumu e alakaʻi ai i ko lākou hoʻopau. Eia nō naʻe, ʻike maka ʻia nā hunaʻi mesothelioma i kēia lapaʻau. Ua ʻike ʻia kahi hui Nantes e alakaʻi ʻia e Jean-François Fonteneau i ke kumu o ka hopohopo o kēia mau hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai mesothelial i kēia lapaʻau ʻana e ka virotherapy: pili kēia i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, i ka hapa nui o lākou, ua nānā lākou i ka nalo ʻana o nā gene e hoʻopili ana no ka ʻano. 1 interferons, nā molekiola i loaʻa nā waiwai antiviral. Wehe ʻia kēia ala i kahi ala i kahi hōʻike wānana, kahi mea e hiki ai ke wānana i ka pane o ka lapaʻau ʻana e ka virotherapy, a me nā hoʻolālā no ka hoʻonui ʻana i kona pono.

He paʻakikī ka ʻike ʻana i ka mesothelioma o ka hū e ʻike mua ai, a e komo pū kekahi me nā kaʻina holomua.

Ke kaulike

ʻAʻole pono nā ʻōuli mua:

• nā hōʻailona o ke komo ʻana i ka pleura: ka ʻeha o ka umauma, ʻūmū maloʻo, dyspnea (hoʻonui ʻia ka paʻakikī hanu me ka hoʻoikaika ʻana);
• hōʻino o ke kūlana maʻamau, me ka pohō kaumaha;
• nā hōʻailona o ka hoʻouka kūloko: ka umauma a me ka ʻeha poʻohiwi.

Pono e hoʻokomo i ka hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua, i kahi ʻano ʻōnaehana, ka nīnau e nānā ai i kahi hōʻike mua i ka asbestos, inā ma ka ʻoihana ʻoihana a i ʻole nā ​​ʻano ʻē aʻe, a e loiloi pū i ka hilinaʻi hiki i ka paka. E paipai ʻia ka haʻalele ʻana i ka paka.

NA POSA

Loaʻa i ka hana hoʻolālā kiʻi ʻōnaehana:

• he kukuna x. No laila ʻo kēlā me kēia kiʻi kānalua e alakaʻi i ka hana wikiwiki loa o kahi scanner thoracic;
• kahi scanner umauma, me ka injection o ka huahana iodinā hoʻohālikelike (i ka loaʻa ʻole o cont contication). Inā ikaika ka kānalua, hōʻike nā ʻōlelo paipai i ka manawa like e hana ai i nā ʻoki ʻana o ka ʻōpū o luna.

ʻO Biology

I kēia manawa, ʻaʻohe mea hōʻike no ka hoʻāʻo ʻana o nā māka tumo serum no nā hana diagnostics.

Anatomopathology

ʻO ka hope, e hōʻoia ʻia ka ʻike e nā laʻana biopsy. ʻO ka heluhelu pālua ʻana e kahi pathologist kūikawā i ka mesothelioma he mea nui (nā kauka no ka pūnaewele MESOPATH).

ʻO ke kumumanaʻo cell kekahi o nā kumumanaʻo nui o ka biology o kēia ao. ʻO kāna mau kumumanaʻo maʻamau ʻekolu e like me kēia: ma ka lima hoʻokahi, hana ʻia nā mea ola āpau i nā hunaola (hoʻokahi hunaola no nā meaola unicellular, kekahi mau pūnaewele no nā mea ola ʻē aʻe, inā he holoholona, ​​nā mea kanu a i ʻole nā ​​ʻalalā paha). No laila, ʻo ke kolamu ke kumu paʻa o ke kūkulu a me ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i nā meaola. ʻO ka hope, hele mai nā pūnaewele āpau mai nā pūnaewele i preexisted.

Lawe kēia kumumanaʻo pūnaewele i kona mau kumu mai ka XVI^e kenekulia ma Netherlands, mahalo i ka hana ʻana o ka microscope hui mua i hoʻolako ʻia me nā aniani ʻelua, na Zacharais Janssen. ʻO ka ʻepekema Holani ʻo Antoine Van Leuwenhoek kekahi e hana i kāna microscope mua, mahalo iā ia e ʻike ai i ka bacteria ma ka nānā ʻana i nā ʻāpana o ka tartar mai kāna mau niho ponoʻī. E ʻike ʻia nā hunaola mua e kekahi hoaaloha o Leuwenhoek's, ka ʻepekema ʻEnelani ʻo Robert Hooke.

ʻO nā ʻepekema ʻepekema ka hua o kahi elaboration lōʻihi, pinepine pinepine: ʻoiai, pili pinepine lākou i kahi hana o ke kūkulu ʻana e hoʻomaka ana mai nā ʻike a nā poʻe ʻē aʻe. E hoʻi i kahi kikoʻī kikoʻī i nā pūnaewele mesothelial, no ka ʻepekema ia mai ka hoʻomaka o ka 1865th kenekulia a mākou i ʻaiʻē ai i kahi ʻike nui. ʻO kēia meaolaola biolo mua ka inoa ʻo Edmund B. Wilson (1939-XNUMX) i nānā pono a wehewehe i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o kahi hua manu i loko o nā haneli he nui e hana i embryo, a me nā ʻāpana o ke kino e ulu ai nā hunaola. Eia kekahi, no ka moʻolelo, ʻo ia kāna haumāna ʻo Walter Sutton ma hope i ʻike i ke kuleana o nā chromosome ma ke ʻano he anakahi o ka heredity.

ʻO ka mea hope loa, ʻo kēia mau ʻike āpau āpau i lawe kikoʻī i ka ʻike e pili ana i ke kumuhana o nā pūnaewele mesothelial: ʻike ʻia ua kiʻi ʻia kēia mau mea, mai ka mesoblast, ka papa waena waena o ka embryo (ʻo ka embryo kahi ʻekolu mau papa i kū i ke kumu. o nā hunaola a pau o ke kino: endoderm, mesoderm a me ectoderm). I ka pae hope loa, pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia nā ʻāpana āpau i loaʻa mai i ka mesoderm e hana āpau a i ʻole ʻāpana o nā ʻāpana kūloko, koe wale nō ka ʻōnaehana hopohopo nāna i lawe mai ka ectoderm.