ʻO ke ana o ka helu o ka oxygen saturation kahi loiloi e hiki ai ke loiloi i ka hana o ka hematosis: ka oxygenation o ke koko. Hoʻohana nui ʻia kēia anamanaʻo o ka oxygen saturation i ka poʻe me ka pathology hanu.

Hāʻawi ke koko i ka oxygen i nā aʻa āpau a halihali i ka carbon dioxide i nā akemāmā no ka hoʻopau ʻana mai ke kino. Lawe ʻia kahi wahi liʻiliʻi o ka oxygen e ka plasma. Hāpai ʻia ka hapa nui e hemoglobin i nā hunaola ʻulaʻula.

Hōʻike ʻia ka oxygen oxygen ma nā ʻano ʻekolu:

• ka pākēneka o ka saturation o kāna mea lawe nui hemoglobin (SaO2),
• ke kaomi i kau i ke koko i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia (PaO2)
• kona nui i ke koko (CaO2).

I ke kīnā ʻole o ka hanu, loaʻa ka oxygen i ke koko a me ka nui o ke kalapona kalapona. Hiki ke ana ʻia i ke kekelē o ka oxygenation me nā ʻano ʻelua: saturation oxygen (SaO2, ana ʻia i ke koko arterial, SpO2 i ana ʻia e ka pulse oximeter a i ʻole saturometer) a me ka oxygen hapa paina (PaO2).

Hōʻike ka oxygen oxygen (SaO2) i ka mahele pākēneka o hemoglobin i piha i ka oxygen (oxyhemoglobin) e pili ana i ka huina hemoglobin i loaʻa i ke koko. Ana ʻia ka oxygen oxygen e nānā i ka hana o ka hematosis: oxygenation o ke koko.

Hiki ke ana ʻia i ka helu o ka māʻona oxygen ma nā ala ʻelua:

Ma ka lawe ʻana i ke koko arterial (nā ana kinoea koko).

Hoʻopili kēia i ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ke koko mai ke aʻa. ʻO ia wale nō kahi ʻenehana e ʻae ai i ke ana kūpono a me ka definitive o nā kinoea koko. ʻO ka ʻike ʻana i ke ana ʻana o ke kinoea arterial e ʻae i ka hoʻopili ʻana o ke kaulike acid-base (pH) a me ke ana o ke kaomi arterial i ka oxygen (PaO2) a me ke kalapona kalapona (PaCO2) e hiki ai ke ʻike i ka hanu mokuʻāina. ʻO ka saturation o hemoglobin me ka oxygen i ana ʻia e ka hāpana koko arterial e hōʻike ʻia ma Sao2. Hoʻopili pololei ʻia ka oxygen oxygen ma nā hunaola ʻulaʻula.

Me ka pulse oximeter a i ʻole saturometer (ala maʻalahi e hoʻohana ai)

ʻO ka pulse oximeter a i ʻole oximeter kahi mea hana e ana i ka oxygen i loko o ke koko. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia kēia hāmeʻa i nā haukapila e nānā i nā mea maʻi i loaʻa ka hanu hanu a i ʻole nā ​​mea komo i nā ventilatory kākoʻo (invasive ventilatory) (oxygen therapy). Hoʻokomo ʻia ia me kahi emitter a me kahi mea lawe uila e hiki ai ke hoʻoholo i ka momona o ka oxygen o ke koko.

Hoʻouna ia i ke kukuna o ke kukui ma o nā pūnaewele, ʻo ka manamana nui a manamanalima hou paha i nā mākua, akā ʻo ka ihu a me ka pepeiao pepeiao, a ʻo ka lima a me ka wāwae paha i nā keiki ʻōpio. ʻO ka mānoanoa oxygen o ka hemoglobin i ana ʻia e ka pulse oximetry i hōʻike ʻia e like me SpO2 (ka p e hōʻailona ana i ka hopena o ka pulsed). ʻLelo mākou i ka saturation pulsed o hemoglobin me ka oxygen.

Aia kekahi mau hōʻailona no ke ana ʻana i ka uku o ka oxygen saturation e ka saturometer i nā mākua:

• i ka wā anesthesia a i ʻole i ka lumi nānā ma hope o kahi hana
• I nā keʻena lāʻau lapaʻau pilikia
• I ka mālama nui ʻana, keu hoʻi no ka poʻe i kau ʻia ma ka ea a i ʻole.

I nā keiki, ke ana ʻia o ka nui o ka oxygen saturation rate he mau hōʻailona kekahi:

• ka nānā ʻana i ke koʻikoʻi o kahi pathology hanu (bronchiolitis, pneumonia, hānō, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe)
• loiloi i ke koʻikoʻi o ka bronchiolitis pēpē; kahi saturation o lalo o 94% kekahi o nā hōʻailona koʻikoʻi
• loiloi i ka pono o ka aerosol
• ʻike i kahi maʻi puʻuwai hiki i kahi keiki hānau hou cyanotic

Hana ʻia ke ana kinoea Arterial i ke alo o kahi kūlana hanu koʻikoʻi a i ke alo o kahi kānalua no kahi maʻi metabolic nui.

ʻO ka saturation oxygen maʻamau no ke kanaka olakino ma waena o 95% a me 100% kaukaʻi ʻia i ka makahiki. SpO2 (Pulsed saturation i ana ʻia me ka pulse oximeter). ʻAʻole lawa kēia ma lalo o 95%. Ke kamaʻilio nei mākou e pili ana i ka hypoxemia. Pili ka manaʻo o hypoxemia i kekahi lawa ʻole o ka oxygenation o ke koko a no laila ke emi ka SpO2 ma mua o 95%. Kuhi ka 90% palena i ka hypoxemia e kūlike i ka like o ka hanu ʻole.

ʻO ka saturation oxygen arterial maʻamau (SaO2) ma waena o 96% a me 98% i kahi ʻōpio makua he 95% i kahi kanaka ma mua o 70 mau makahiki. Ke emi ia ma mua o 90%, ʻōlelo ʻia ke kanaka i ka desaturation. Kūlike pū ka Desaturation i kahi kulu o nā helu saturation 4 i hoʻohālikelike ʻia i ka waiwai kumu (e laʻa me ka hoʻāʻo ʻana).

ʻO kahi "maʻamau" SpO2 no ke keiki e kūlike i kahi waiwai i ʻoi aku ma mua o 95%. ʻO kahi pae SpO2 ma lalo o 94% i kahi keiki kahi ʻike o ke koʻikoʻi a alakaʻi i ka haukapila. He mea nui ke ana ʻana i ka SpO2 i nā keiki, no ka mea he keiki wale nō ke cyanotic (ʻili polū) ke emi ka SaO2 ma mua o 75% a no ka mea ʻaʻole hana pinepine ʻia nā ana ʻana o ke aʻa arterial i nā keiki. Pono ka pulse oximeter no ka ʻike ʻana i ka hypoxia mua.

'Speaklelo mākou no ka hypoxemia ke emi ka waiwai saturation oxygen ma mua o 93%. ʻO ka makaʻu nui ka ʻeha ʻana o ke kelepona (ischemia) nā hopena mai ka lawa ʻole o ka lako o ka oxygen i nā ʻano like ʻole o ke kino. Hiki ke hana i ka hypoxemia ākea ma hope o ka exacerbation nui o ka hānō, ka puʻuwai puʻuwai nui, pneumonia a i ʻole kahi exacerbation koʻikoʻi o Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), ma hope o ka pulmonary embolism, pleural effusion, pneumothorax.

Hōʻike ʻia ka hypoxemia (oxygen saturation rate ma lalo o 93%) e ka pōkole o ka hanu, ka hanu ākea wikiwiki, ʻili bluish (cyanosis) akā ʻo kēia mau hōʻailona āpau ʻaʻole i kikoʻī a maʻalahi hoʻi ma mua o ka pulse oximetry.

Hiki i ka COVID-19 ke kumu o ka helu haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa oxygen. ʻO nā hihia ʻoi loa loa o COVID hiki i ke kumu o ka maʻi pneumonia ke kumu o ka maʻi hanu ʻeha hanu. He maʻalea loa nā ʻōuli ma ka mua. ʻO kēia ke kumu e nānā ai nā kauka i ka pae o ka oxygen saturation me kahi oximeter. ʻO ka hanu paʻakikī a me ka hanu o ka hanu he mau hōʻailona ia e kāhea ai ʻoe i nā lawelawe pilikia.

ʻLelo Aʻo: me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka oximeter pulse ke hōʻike pū nei hoʻi i nā makaʻu o nā hemahema a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi e aʻo pehea e hoʻohana ai me kahi ʻoihana olakino.

ʻO ka nui o ka lako oxygen i ka wā o ka oxygen therapy e hiki ai i ka hyperoxia. Weliweli ʻo Hyperoxia no ka poʻe me ka hanu ʻole.

I ka hanana o hypoxemia (oxygen saturation ma lalo o 93), hiki ke hoʻokō ʻia ka mālama ʻana me ka oxygen therapy. Hiki ke lawelawe ʻia ka oxygen e ke ala ihu (nā aniani) a i ʻole nā ​​ala ihu a me nā waha (nā masks) akā e ka ʻenekini hoʻopunipuni (ventilator, intubation) a i ʻole e kahe extracorporeal (ECMO). Alakaʻi ʻia ka nui o ka oxygen i alakaʻi ʻia e nā kinoea arterial a i ʻole ka oximetry lāʻau iki e mālama iā Pao2 ma waena o 60-80 mmHg (92-100% saturation) me ka ʻole o ka hoʻoweliweli oxygen.